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2016, The Gerontologist
Popular literature often claims that baby boom women will "redefine" retirement, and there is some evidence in the gerontological literature that this may be true. However, considerably more research needs to be done on this generation of retirees. The author, a baby boomer herself, draws on recent research on retirement and her own experiences in early retirement to examine what a "good retirement" might mean, considering the diversity of baby boomers, the range of their experiences, and their relationship to work.
Sociology Compass, 2018
As the baby boomers enter later life, unprecedented numbers of women are retiring. The first generation of women to encounter retirement since its institutionalisation as an expected male life course transition in the mid-20th century, these women are leaving the labour force at a time when the meanings associated with "retirement" are changing. Longer life expectancy, improved health outcomes, and transformations in work driven by globalisation have produced greater diversity in when, why, and how people exit the labour force. Many boomer women are disadvantaged in later life by their histories of discontinuous employment and care-giving. Consequently, we argue, opportunities to engage in "retirement" projects of their own choosing are unequal across this population. This essay reviews qualitative studies in sociology that examine boomer women's experiences of retirement and is organised in terms of the three main approaches that inform this under-studied field: critical/feminist gerontology, identity theory, and life course approaches. Based on our review, we posit the need for socially inclusive research, beyond the prevailing emphasis on White, middle-class professional women; more studies examining the impact of earlier life course transitions on women's later years; and attention to the effects of "successful ageing" discourses on women's lived experiences. 1 | INTRODUCTION An ageing population, longer life expectancy, improved health outcomes, reduced social protections, and the removal of age-mandated retirement regulations in many western democracies are changing the meaning of retirement. Work has also been transformed over recent decades. Globalisation and rapid advances in digital communication technologies; deindustrialisation and the revolution in services; the growth of insecure and "contingent" employment; and
Sociological Inquiry, 1995
This article reviews empirical research on women in retirement since 1976. The articles studied are categorized into four main areas: Women's Attitudes and Orientations Toward Retirement, Women's Preparation and Planning for Retirement, Women's Retirement Timing: Factors Related to Decisions to Retire, and Women's Adjustments to and Experiences in Retirement. Omissions and problems in the literature are identified and examined. Special attention is given to theoretical and methodological issues. The authors suggest new emphases and directions to strengthen research in this area.
Human Relations, 2013
Against a global backdrop of population and workforce ageing, successive UK governments have encouraged people to work longer and delay retirement. Debates focus mainly on factors affecting individuals' decisions on when and how to retire. We argue that a fuller understanding of retirement can be achieved by recognizing the ways in which individuals' expectations and behaviours reflect a complicated, dynamic set of interactions between domestic environments and gender roles, often established over a long time period, and more temporally proximate factors. Using a qualitative data set, we explore how the timing, nature and meaning of retirement and retirement planning are played out in specific domestic contexts. We conclude that future research and policies surrounding retirement need to: focus on the household, not the individual; consider retirement as an often messy and disrupted process and not a discrete event; and understand that retirement may mean very different things for women and for men.
American Psychologist, 2012
Human Relations, 2013
Retirement involves a set of institutional arrangements combined with socio-cultural meanings to sustain a distinct retirement phase in life course and career pathways. In this Introduction to the Special Issue: 'Reinventing Retirement: New Pathways, New Arrangements, New Meanings,' we outline the historical development of retirement. We identify the dramatic broad-based changes that recently have shaken this established construct to its core. We describe the main organizational responses to these changes, and how they have been associated with shifting, multiple meanings of retirement. Finally, we present a model that frames two general forms of reinvention of retirement. The first involves continuation of the idea of a distinct and well-defined period of life occurring at the end of a career trajectory, but with changes in the timing, the kinds of post-retirement activities pursued, and meanings associated with this period of life. The second represents a more fundamental reinvention in which the overall concept of
Problem Statement: Retirement states the final of "active life". Desired by many, but also feared by others, who have made their work a source of pleasure, personal investment and social recognition. The positive experience of this event depends on many factors and may spread into different dimensions of individuals' life. The effects that retirement has on people who retire are recognized but is unknown whether this transition interferes on their families and on their health. Usually retirement occurs during middle age and this event has several impacts on its protagonists. These impacts will probably also have consequences on the family systemic of these individuals.
Educational Gerontology, 1999
The dimensions of expectations for retirement, and their relationship with gender, current work attitudes, and current leisure experiences were investigated in a British and an A ustralian sample. Eighty-three Britains and 100 A ustralians, in paid employment, aged 40 and above, completed a questionnaire that included measures of current work and leisure experience, preferences for preretirement education, and a newly developed ''Retirement Expectation Inventory'' (REI) based on the four modes of retirement experience reported by . A factor analysis of the REI con rmed the four dimensions of Transition to Rest, New Beginning, Continuity, and Imposed Disruption. The predominant expectation was that retirement would be a New Beginning, with no signi cant gender di erences. A s predicted, high personal job involvement, but not high general work involvement, was signi cantly associated with the expectation of Imposed Disruption, as was an unsatisfactory current leisure experience. The most popular content areas for preretirement education were nancial management, hobbies, and physical health. These results are discussed, and a number of implications for preretirement education arising from the results are noted.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014
Although from a life course perspective women's retirement timing can be expected to be related to family events earlier in life, such as childbirth and divorce, empirical insights into these relationships are limited. Drawing on three-wave panel data, collected in 2001, 2006-2007, and 2011 among Dutch female older workers (N = 420) and if applicable their partners, this study examines retirement intentions and behavior in relation to past and proximal preretirement family experiences. The results show that women who postponed childbearing and still have children living at home during preretirement years intend to retire relatively late, as well as ever divorced single women, even when controlling for established correlates of retirement. Women who repartnered after a divorce do not differ from continuously married women in terms of their retirement intentions. Only few of the predictors of retirement intentions also predicted actual retirement behavior. Generally, the results highlight the importance of the notion of linked lives for understanding women's retirement processes.
Academia.edu, 2020
According to various sources, some 10,000 Baby Boomers reach age 65 every day. By 2030 there will be more people in the USA over age 65 than there are under age 18. This narrative inquiry began with the question about what kinds of narratives these Baby Boomers are bringing into their retirement, and how their narratives are helping them adapt to this change in life situation. The literature in the area offers some insights, and amazingly many of the insights appear to apply in different countries and different cultures. Even so, there is much to learn for both scholars and therapists. This narrative inquiry adds to what the existing literature shows, and offers some insights for working with Baby Boomers, as well as some recommendations for begininning to think about the generations that follow.
2006
Publikationsansicht. 33725663. Women's retirement expectations : a longitudinal study of a transitional cohort in the United States / (2006). Wong, Jen D. Abstract. Thesis (MS)--Pennsylvania State University, 2006.. Library holds archival microfiches negative and service copy. ...
2018
An increasingly older U.S. population, driven by the aging baby-boomer generation born after World War II, is resulting in a rapidly aging workforce. This phenomenon will almost necessarily lead to larger numbers of retirements, which may bring new challenges to individuals, organizations, and society. Retirement is not just a function of aging, however, because it involves a complex process due to a host of influential factors. In fact, although retirement ages in the U.S. once seemed to be steadily declining, this trend reversed long ago, so that retirement ages have now been increasing slowly but steadily for several decades. Because retirements can be important to individuals who retire, to their employing organizations, and to the larger society in which they operate, we review retirement research from these varied perspectives. We note future research needs and pay special attention to publications since 2007, when we had written a chapter on a similar topic.
The Career Planning and Adult Development Journal, 2010
Abstract: This article uses the futurist tool of Causal Layered Analysis to explore the issue of whether Golden Boomers are going to retire. It explores the headlines, trends, worldviews and fundamental stories about retirement that will influence it future. It concludes that retirement is an obsolescent concept. My futurist colleagues and I have often joked about putting together a dictionary of obsolescent concepts. The premise of this article is that one of the early entries would be retirement. Over the last several years, I have been asking audiences, typically with a majority of Boomers, how many plan on retiring? A small minority of the hands go up. Most reveal that while they plan to retire from their primary job, they plan to continue working. So, rather than working where they must to earn a living, they will work where they choose because they enjoy the work or find it fulfilling. Simply put, they have far greater ambitions than sitting on the porch rocker and playing gol...
Journal of Aging Studies, 1993
to make them more inclusive.
The Gerontologist
The current landscape of retirement is changing dramatically as population aging becomes increasingly visible. This review of pressing retirement issues advocates research on (a) changing meanings of retirement, (b) impact of technology, (c) the role of housing in retirement, (d) human resource strategies, (e) adjustment to changing retirement policies, (f) the pension industry, and (g) the role of ethnic diversity in retirement.
Journal of Women & Aging, 2000
The present study adds to the growing body of literature on women and retirement by means of a comparative analysis of the factors associated with anticipated retirement timing (among pre-retirees) and actual retirement timing (among retirees). Adopting a political economy of aging perspective, we argue that socially-structured patterns of gender inequality related to women's multiple roles across the life course affect patterns of retirement timing. Specifically, we hypothesize that the gendered nature of women's work-retirement decisionmaking is unanticipated during pre-retirement years. Logistic regression analyses are performed on data drawn from a sample of 275 women aged 45 and older living in the Vancouver area of British Columbia. A central finding is that while actual timing of retirement is affected by family caregiving responsibilities and by health/stress factors, pre-retirees do not perceive these to be important in their own expected retirement timing. Implications for social policy, education, and women's financial and psychological well-being in old age are
The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 2009
Objective. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women, we examine between-and within-person differences in expected retirement age as a key element of the retirement planning process. The expectation typologies of 1,626 women born between 1923 and 1937 were classifi ed jointly on the basis of specifi city and consistency.
BMC Public Health, 2014
Background: Governments have been implementing policies aimed at halting the trend towards early retirement for Baby Boomers. Public policies can have a strong effect on when a person retires and this analysis contributes to an improved understanding of retirement aspirations in regards to health, social, workplace and economic determinants.
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