Platform-Independent Design for Embedded Real-Time Systems

Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design - ICCAD '98, 1998

We survey the state-of-the-art in real-time operating systems (RTOSs) from the system synthesis point of view. RTOSs have a very long research history which provides important theoretical results and useful industrial implementations. Convergence of applications, technology, and market trends of embedded systems implies a strong need for new generation of RTOS. Therefore, new system synthesis problem areas, notably hardware/software co-design and synthesis for systems-on-silicon (SOS), are opening up new avenues for RTOS research and development. This paper starts with a survey of classical academic and industrial RTOS work and continues with a survey of recent results related to co-design and design systems-on-silicon. We conclude by outlining future directions for the SOS RTOS.

2001

finished. It is possible to avoid the problem by adding break points to the event handling code where the handling of urgent events can take place. On the other hand, the problem is not critical, if a powerful processor is available. The real-time properties of most embedded systems are based on the use of real-time operating systems. Application of such operating systems requires high expertise and much time. The resulting software is often heavy and hard to maintain. In this paper we present a class of application specific operating systems called ReaGOS. ReaGOS is based on a new architecture and an operating principle, where the operating system calls application programs but not vice versa. The new architecture saves both data and code memory and it is fast enough for embedded systems. The operating system is generated automatically from a high level graphical specification. Another method uses interrupt mechanisms to handle I/O driver events [5]. This method has some disadvanta...

2005

The growing complexity of today's embedded real-time systems demands new methods and tools in order to manage the problems of design, analysis, integration and validation of complex systems. This paper describes an object-oriented platformbased design process for real-time embedded systems. The proposed approach promotes a smooth transition from high-level UML specification to implementation, which is composed by hardware and software components. The transition from higher to lower abstraction levels is facilitated by the use of an OO realtime API, whose underlying facilities can be optimized according to the application needs and selected platform. An integrated toolset is used to support the intermediate steps of the design process. In order to illustrate the proposed approach and related toolset the design of an embedded real-time automation system for an "intelligent" wheelchair is presented.

1993

In contrast to most of the other studies which only consider selected topic(s) and typically deal with issues of higher levels of design, the research project outlined in this paper is using a holistic approach to real-time application design issues, It is set up in layers starting with a predictably behaving computer hardware architecture, followed b y an appropriate programming language and, finally, a tool for automated application development. Each of these layers is providing a sound basis for the next higher one.

Embedded systems are the computing devices hidden inside a vast array of everyday products and appliances such as cell phones, toys, handheld PDAs, cameras, etc. An embedded system is various type of computer system or computing device that performs a dedicated function and/or is designed for use with a specific embedded software application. Embedded systems may use a combination of 'Read-only' as well as with 'Read-Write' based operating system. But an embedded system is not usable as a commercially viable substitute for general-purpose computers or devices. As applications grow increasingly complex, so do the complexities of the embedded computing devices.

2008

Abstract: Message from the WIP Chair Dear Colleagues: Welcome to Prague and to the Work In Progress (WIP) session of the 20th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS'08). I am pleased to present to you 17 excellent papers on WIP that describe innovative research contributions in the broad field of real-time and embedded systems. The 17 accepted papers were selected from 23 submissions.

2006

The object-oriented paradigm has become popular over the last years due to its characteristics that help managing the complexity in computer systems design. This feature also attracted the embedded systems community, as today's embedded systems need to cope with several complex functionalities as well as timing, power, and area restrictions. Such scenario has promoted the use of the Java language and its real-time extension (RTSJ) for embedded real-time systems design. Nevertheless, the RTSJ was not primarily designed to be used within the embedded domain. This paper presents an approach to optimize the use of the RTSJ for the development of embedded real-time systems. Firstly, it describes how to design real-time embedded applications using an API based on RTSJ. Secondly, it shows how the generated code is optimized to cope with the tight resources available, without interfering in the mandatory timing predictability of the generated system. Finally it discusses an approach to synthesize the applications on top of affordable FPGAs. The approach used to synthesize the embedded real-time system ensures a bounded timing behavior of the object-oriented aspects of the application, like the polymorphism mechanism and read/write access to object's data fields.

2006

We present our joint view for efficient development of efficient and dependable ERTS (Embedded Real-Time Systems). This view is based on the three main viewpoints of (1) the software designer, (2) the analysis tools, and (3) the code synthesis tools/run-time environment. Our position is that any approach that is to achieve (i) decreased development effort, (ii) increased software quality, and (iii) efficient resource utilization, needs to take all three viewpoints into consideration. We exemplify how our work with execution-model independent software components fits into this joint view and outline some research directions.

Proceedings EURO-DAC '96. European Design Automation Conference with EURO-VHDL '96 and Exhibition, 1996

In this paper, a design methodology for the design of microelectronic systems which includes hardware and software for open-loop and closed-loop control will be presented. An integrated approach to specification and design, analysis and simulation of the overall system has been developed. This provides for a systematic, computer aided approach to requirements definition, specification and design as well as verification and validation of the results. As embedded systems often require real-time capabilities, the environment presented gives special consideration to these constraints. We give an example for concrete applications, which shows, how the design of real-time embedded systems is supported by the design methodology and environment.

Journal of Computing and Information Technology, 2000

In the paper some experiences of joining two methodologies, which were originally independently developed in different institutions, with the goal to overcome the possible discrepancies due to the separate design of the hardware and the software part of an embedded real-time application are presented.

2002

The work in progress presented in the present paper is focused on the HW/SW Codesign of embedded systems with a special emphasis on the Bottom-Up design process. A Meta-Model concept is introduced that gives the ability to create strict, computable and unambiguous component description, based on the OMG Standard MOF and the W3C recommendation XML Schema. The concept is currently being implemented and verified with a real world embedded system for medical applications.

Journal of Systems Architecture, 2014

Please cite this article as: M. Panunzio, T. Vardanega, An architectural approach with separation of concerns to address extra-functional requirements in the development of embedded real-time software systems, Journal of Systems Architecture (2014), doi: http://dx.Abstract A large proportion of the requirements on embedded real-time systems stems from the extra-functional dimensions of time and space determinism, dependability, safety and security, and it is addressed at the software level. The adoption of a sound software architecture provides crucial aid in conveniently apportioning the relevant development concerns. This paper takes a software-centred interpretation of the ISO 42010 notion of architecture, enhancing it with a component model that attributes separate concerns to distinct design views. The component boundary becomes the border between functional and extra-functional concerns. The latter are treated as decorations placed on the outside of components, satisfied by implementation artifacts separate from and composable with the implementation of the component internals. The approach was evaluated by industrial users from several domains, with remarkably positive results.

The Computer Journal, 2003

The usage of object-oriented methodologies in conjunction with formal description techniques has arisen as a promising way of dealing with the increasing complexity of embedded real-time systems. These methodologies are currently well supported by a set of tools that allow the specification, simulation and validation of the functional aspects of these systems. However, most of these methodologies do not take into account non-functional aspects such as hardware interaction and real-time constraints, which are especially ...

Ubiquity, 2005

Necessit y is the moth er of invention and embedded system s are inventions that were fuelled by the idea of making pre-program s to perform a dedicat ed narrow range of funct ions as part of large sy stem s. Usual ly with minimal end user int eractions, the 'giant leap tech nology' in future embedded system s is based on instr uction-orient ed design but not on design-oriented in structi ons. Embedded syst ems and real time operating syst ems (RTOS) are fast achi evi ng ubiquity, blurring the lines between sci ence fiction and hard reality. In general an RTOS h as the following futures: 1. multitaski n; 2. process threads that can be prioritized; 3.A suffici ent number of interrupt levels. An embedded syst em is any device controlled by instructions st ored on a chip. These devices are u sually controlled by a microprocessor that execut es the instructions stored on a ROM chi p. Embedded system s are used in navigati on tools like global positioni ng sy stem (GPS), automated teller machines (ATMs), networking eq uipment, digital video cameras, mobile phones, aerospace applications, telecom applicatio ns, etc. We concern ourselves wit h the development and implementation of model-based, realtime, embedded, hybrid control software. In particular, we target intelligent cruise control appli cations, including Adapti ve Crui se Control (ACC), in which a forward-loo king range sen sor (radar or Lidar, usually) is used to follow a vehi cle, and Coo perati ve ACC (CACC), a variation in which wirel ess communi cations are used t o supplem ent the forward looking sensor. We discu ss modeling on automated v ehicl es. Our approach emphasizes the mai ntenance of a si ngle m odel throughout the devel opment process, with particular emphasi s on "tigh t-loop."