Dark matter, coming to light

Physics Letters B, 2020

Antimatter macroscopic dark matter (macros) refers to a generic class of antimatter dark matter candidates that interact with ordinary matter primarily through annihilation with large cross-sections. A combination of terrestrial, astrophysical, and cosmological observations constrain a portion of the anti-macro parameter space. However, a large region of the parameter space remains unconstrained, most notably for nuclear-dense objects.

This article is an improved version of an old manuscript. This is a theoretical assumption about the possible existence of a new form of matter. Up to day the unmatter was not checked in the lab.

ResearchGate, 2023

We explore the idea of an antiforce to explain dark matter. We imagine an electromagnetic force whose magnetic component precedes rather than lags the electric field. This, then, gives rise to the idea of dark matter, dark energy, and dark radiation. We argue how and why this explains we cannot detect any dark radiation from all of the dark matter and dark energy that - according to mainstream cosmological theories - should be present in the Universe, and why dark matter - if we can associate it with such antiforce - must be different from antimatter.

Brazilian Journal of Physics, 2013

The dark matter story passed through several stages on its way from a minor observational puzzle to a major challenge for theory of elementary particles. I begin the review with the description of the discovery of the mass paradox in our Galaxy and in clusters of galaxies. First hints of the problem appeared already in 1930s and later more observational arguments were brought up, but the issue of the mass

Physical Review D, 2015

The relic abundance of particle and antiparticle dark matter (DM) need not be vastly different in thermal asymmetric dark matter (ADM) models. By considering the effect of a primordial asymmetry on the thermal Boltzmann evolution of coupled DM and anti-DM, we derive the requisite annihilation cross section. This is used in conjunction with CMB and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data to impose a limit on the number density of anti-DM particles surviving thermal freeze-out. When the extended gamma-ray emission from the Galactic Center is reanalyzed in a thermal ADM framework, we find that annihilation into τ leptons prefer anti-DM number densities 1-4% that of DM while the b-quark channel prefers 50-100%.

New Journal of Physics, 2012

We review observational evidence for a matter-antimatter asymmetry in the early universe, which leads to the remnant matter density we observe today. We also discuss bounds on the presence of antimatter in the present day universe, including the possibility of a large lepton asymmetry in the cosmic neutrino background. We briefly review the theoretical framework within which baryogenesis, the dynamical generation of a matter-antimatter asymmetry, can occur. As an example, we discuss a testable minimal particle physics model that simultaneously explains the baryon asymmetry of the universe, neutrino oscillations and dark matter.

2021

The missing anti matter 1. Gaurav singh patel ,2. aman kumar Yadav , 3. sahil kumar Researcher of astronomy physics, government polytechnic Lucknow Addressvillage and post birpura jalaun 285001 Abstract-when the universe is going to start then matter and antimatter was in same quantity then where the antimatter went. Why we don't see antimatter in this universe.

2014

Scientists have identified a sub-atomic particle that could have formed the "dark matter" in the Universe during the Big Bang. [20] Physicists at the University of California, Davis are taking the temperature of dark matter, the mysterious substance that makes up about a quarter of our universe. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called "dark photons" in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron-proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.

Journal of High Energy Physics, 2020

We show that a general semi-annihilation scenario, in which a pair of dark matter (DM) particles annihilate to an anti-DM, and an unstable state that can mix with or decay to standard model states, can lead to particle anti-particle asymmetry in the DM sector. The present DM abundance, including the CP-violation in the DM sector and the resulting present asymmetry are determined entirely by a single semi-annihilation process at next-to-leading order. For large CP-violation in this process, we find that a nearly complete asymmetry can be obtained in the DM sector, with the observed DM density being dominated by the (anti-)DM particle. The presence of additional pair-annihilation processes can modify the ratio of DM and anti-DM number densities further, if the pair-annihilation is active subsequent to the decoupling of the semi-annihilation. For such a scenario, the required CP-violation for generating the same present asymmetry is generically much smaller, as compared to the scenario...

There are no theory on antimatter structure unless the mirror of its normal matter, with the same mass but opposite qualities such as electric charge, spin,· · ·, etc. to its matter counterparts holding with the Standard Model of Particle. In theory, a matter will be immediately annihilated if it meets with its antimatter, leaving nothing unless energy behind, and the amounts of matter with that of antimatter should be created equally in the Big Bang. So, none of us should exist in principle but we are indeed existing. A few physicists explain this puzzling thing by technical assuming there were extra matter particles for every billion matter-antimatter pairs, or asymmetry of matter and antimatter in the end. Certainly, this assumption comes into beings by a priori hypothesis that the matter and antimatter forming both complying with a same composition mechanism after the Big Bang, i.e., antimatter consists of antimolecules, antimolecule consists of antiatoms and antiatom consists of antielectrons, antiprotons and antineutrons without experimental evidences unless the antihydrogen, only one antimolecule. Why only these antimatters are detected by experiments? Are there all antimatters in the universe? In fact, if the behavior of gluon in antimatter, i.e., antigluon is not like the behavior but opposites to its matter counterparts or reverses gluon interaction F g k to −F g k , 1 ≤ k ≤ 8 complying with the Standard Model of Particle, then the residual strong interaction within hadrons is repulsion. We can establish a new mechanism of matter and antimatter without the asymmetry assumption but only by composition theory of matter, explain the asymmetry of matter-antimatter and why only these antimatters found, claim both the attractive and repulsive properties on gravitation. All of the conclusions are consistent with known experiments on matter and antimatter.