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1995
AI
The paper explores the judgments made by managers in the context of the Oklahoma City Fire Department's response to the 1995 bombing, advocating for the importance of storytelling in conveying knowledge within public administration. It critiques traditional rationalist approaches, emphasizing the role of human interaction and innovation in decision-making processes during chaotic situations. The author argues that adaptive leadership requires recognizing the legitimate value of subjective judgments, as opposed to rigid analytical frameworks.
Oklahoma Politics, 1996
Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 2005
This thesis traces versions of the theory of individualism by three major theorists, John Locke, John Stuart Mill and John Dewey, as they criticize existing social, cultural, economic, legal and military conditions of their times. I argue that each theorist modifies the theory of individualism to best suit their understanding of human nature, adapting it where they can and outright removing aspects where they cannot. Based upon each thinker’s conception of human nature, their corresponding theory of individualism does justice to that nature. With their view of individualism, each thinker criticizes the activities of their day for its lack of justice to human nature for the bulk of humanity. I examine each thinker’s concrete conditions, their theory of human nature, theory of justice and their corresponding theory of individualism. In the first three chapters, I examine first Locke’s, then Mill’s then Dewey’s theory of human nature, justice and individualism. In my final chapter, I critically examine each thinker’s theory of individualism and find that John Dewey’s is most adequate for our current social conditions. Locke’s individualism was a criticism of the absolute rule of aristocratic Land-owners and was an attempt to undermine the conceptual basis for their continued power. John Stuart Mill’s individualism was a criticism of John Locke’s individualism insofar as majoritarianism had taken root in England and resulted in the “Tyranny of the Majority.” Therefore Mill gave high value to the sanctity of the individual even in disagreement with the overwhelming majority. Dewey’s theory of individualism largely was a criticism of widespread poverty and abuse of political power in America during the Great Depression. laissez faire economics, combined with cut-throat competitiveness and atomistic individualism had resulted in pervasive injustice and Dewey recommended recognition of our inter-connectedness and continuity rather than our separateness. While I believe Dewey’s theory of individualism to be most fit for our current social setting, even his theory suffers from problems yet to be worked out. I lay out these problems in the final chapter and conclude with remarks on what needs yet to be done.
The British Journal of Sociology, 1968
Public Administration, 1978
Geographical Analysis, 2010
2014
Oakeshott and Hayek were both towering figures of the twentieth century in social and political philosophy who had contributed a lot to the defense of individual liberty. While this paper acknowledges that there are important affinities in their respective intellectual outlooks, it also attempts to argue that there are significant differences in their critique of Rationalism and defense of individuality. Oakeshott’s criticism of the sovereignty of technique in modern Rationalism is premised on his claim of the inseparable partnership of technical knowledge and practical knowledge in all human cognition and action. This, together with his recognition of the poetic character of all human activity, allows Oakeshott to develop a critique of Rationalism that fully appreciates the importance of individual style, meaning, and freedom. Hayek’s critique of constructivism, while highly original and persuasive, still relies on the primacy of demonstrable abstract principles that is rationalist...
2008
What is meant by the phrase “the paradoxes of individualism”? The paradox of individualism is also known in logistics as the fallacy of composition, it is, to put it in layman‟s terms, when the system-as-a-whole does not act according to the sum of individual intended behaviors. Samuelson defines the fallacy of composition thusly: A fallacy in which what is true of a part is, on that account alone, alleged to be also necessarily true of the whole (Samuelson 1976:14). Because economists in general seek to improve society 1, this „paradox ‟ is hotly debated within economics, and it is perhaps irresolvable. It is perhaps irresolvable for one reason. Economists are people first and they bring their value systems with them to the „job‟. Some economists believe that markets left to their own will create a common good; these economists might be known as Lockeans or Nozickians and tend to believe that government is the cause of retrogressive aggregate behavior and perhaps that property righ...
Zadok Centre Series 1 Paper S21, 1983
Argues that the 'myth of individualism' which is central to much of neo-classical; analysis, and which lies at the heart of libertarian philosophy, has turned the attention of economists away from the great moral problem of the distribution of resources.
A liberalism which scorns all individualism is fundamentally misguided. This is the chief thesis of this paper. To argue for it, I look closely at some key concepts. The concepts of morislity and individualism are crucial. I emphasize Dewey on the "individuality of the mint\ll and a Deweyan discussion of language, communication, and community. The thesis links individualism and liberalism, and since appeals to liberalism have broader appeal in the present context of discussions, I start with consideration of liberalism. The aim is to dispute overly restrictive conceptions and explore a broader perspective. To bring the argument to a close, attention turns first to Dewey on value inquiry, to Dewey's "democratic individualism" (cf. Dewey 1939, 179), and to the concept of moral community. Disputing the acquisitiveness of utilitarian influences in classical liberalism, a Deweyan argument from the nature of moral community supports re-emphasis on individualism in contemporary liberal thought.
The Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought. London: …, 2001
Frontiers in Communication
Administrative Theory & Praxis, 1998
Political Psychology, 2016
2016
moral philosophy he famously referred to the operation of an invisible hand. Adam Smith’s Political Philosophy makes visible the invisible hand by examin-ing its significance in Smith’s political philosophy and relating it to similar concepts used by other philosophers, revealing a distinctive approach to social theory that stresses the significance of the unintended consequences of human action. This book introduces greater conceptual clarity to the discussion of the invisible hand and the related concept of unintended order in the work of Smith and in political theory more generally. By examining the application of spontaneous order ideas in the work of Smith, Hume, Hayek and Popper, Adam Smith’s Political Philosophy traces similarities in approach and from these builds a conceptual, composite model of an invisible hand argument. While setting out a clear model of the idea of spontaneous order the book also builds the case for using the idea of spontaneous order as an explanatory ...
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