Light Propagation

American Journal of Scientific Research and Essays, 2018

Review Article AJSRE (2018), 3:2 The Theory of Relativity is an Error in Physics; the Speed of Light excludes the Laws of Optics Physicists measured the propagation of light in vacuum and matter through experiments with light over the course of several centuries. The Laws of Optics were derived from these measured results. The Laws of Optics were verified repeatedly via real experiments with light and used in the calculations of optical instruments that work properly. The Laws of Optics accurately define the propagation of light in vacuum and matter. All the theories of the propagation of light that ignore the Laws of Optics can, therefore, be considered an error in physics. The theories and laws of propagation of light in matter were written by famous physicists, such as Isaac Newton (1670), Christiaan Huygens (1650), Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1819), and Thomas Young (1800). The law of propagation of light in matter was described by Snell in 1620. Snell's law is the law of the light refractive index in matter. Optical instruments are calculated according to the Laws of Optics, so by their correct operation they confirm the validity of the Laws of Optics. Two hundred years ago, André-Marie Ampére expressed the basic approach in discovering the laws of physics: "First observe the facts, to vary their circumstances as much as possible, to accompany this first task with exact measurement so as to deduce from them the general laws based solely upon experience, and to deduce from these laws, independently of any hypothesis on the nature of the forces that produce the phenomena, the mathematical value of these forces". This approach to the measurement of the light propagation is now used in all the laboratories around the world and, therefore, can be considered as objective and accurate.

2014

Einstein changed the problem of ether from the discussion of whether or not it exists to that of whether or not it is necessary as a concept or a hypothesis. It is true that if we give the vacuum the property as a medium that transmits light, it becomes unnecessary to search for ether as substance. Even so, we have to search for an experiment to decide whether the propagation of light emitted from the light source is isotropic or anisotropic relative to the light source. An experiment like that was formerly considered inexistent, but this paper will show it is existent. In the process of Thought experiments of this paper, we will find different results from the prediction by Special Relativity. As the cause of that, we will show the existence of an unknown velocity vector Einstein denied.

ArXiv, 2024

We elucidate how different theoretical assumptions bring about radically different interpretations of the same experimental result. We do this by analyzing Einstein's special relativity as it was originally formulated in 1905. Then we examine the theory's relationship with the result of the 1887 Michelson-Morley experiment. We point out that in diverse historical contexts one and the same experiment can be thought of as providing different-often incompatibleconceptualizations of phenomena. This demonstrates why special relativity prevailed over its rival theories. Einstein's theory made a new reinterpretation of the Michelson-Morley experiment possible by associating it with a novel phenomenon, namely the invariance of the speed of light, a phenomenon that was not the one originally investigated in that experiment. This leads us to an understanding of how this experiment could have been interpreted in a completely different historical context, such as Seventeenth-Century science when Earth's orbital motion was still a questionable hypothesis.

Henok Tadesse, 2023

In this paper, the principle of relativity is disproved based on accepted experimental evidence and experience. We argue that the Michelson-Morley experiment is not a proof of relativity at all. In fact, in a complete surprise to the scientific community, the null result of the Michelson-Morley experiment has been an effective ‘hiding place’ for the special theory of relativity.

Optik 230 (2021) 165858, 2021

The existence of two massive theoretical anomalies is demonstrated through two straightforward thought experiments. Those anomalies make it clear that photon’s trajectory models, based on contemporary light paradigms, become unacceptably inaccurate during fundamental research. Contemporary science still considers, as an accurate paradigm, “light” to travel in space as a “ray of light” (“beam of light”, “laser beam”). This simplistic and inaccurate model was used by Michelson and Morley in their world famous fundamental experiment, the latter still being considered as a prime contemporary paradigm. It is however a fact that any “light” signal consists of a vast collection of individual photons. At any specific moment in time, during its travel in space, each individual photon is located in its individual location in space. The modelling of the “trajectory” of a collection of photons, through an extremely simplistic “ray-of-light” concept then results in the two massive theoretical anomalies. The latter two thus fully falsify, as a Karl Popper’s type of strong “falsification by anomaly”, the “ray of light” paradigm. They also clearly prove that it is impossible for a photon to inherit any of the velocity vector components of its source. Consequently, they thus also falsify numerous other contemporary, light based, paradigms.

2005

That the speed of light is always c=300,000km/s relative to any observer in nonaccelerating motion is one of the foundational concepts of physics. Experimentally this was supposed to have been first revealed by the 1887 Michelson-Morley experiment, and was made one of Einstein's key postulates of Special Relativity in 1905. However in 2002 the actual 1887 fringe shift data was analysed for the first time with a theory for the Michelson interferometer that used both the Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction effect, as well as the effect of the air in the interferometer on the speed of light. That analysis showed that the data gave an absolute motion speed in excess of 300km/s. So far six other experiments have been shown to give the same result. This implies that the foundations of physics require significant revision. As well data shows that both Newtonian gravity and General Relativity are also seriously flawed, and a new theory of gravity is shown to explain various so-called gravit...

Didier Viel, 2022

Since Galileo scientists were conscious of the necessity that all the laws in physics hold good whatever the motion of an inertial reference frame. When it has been shown it was not the case for the equation of propagation of electromagnetic waves with the use of the Newtonian rule, there was a challenge to find the way to solve this problem. Everyone knows how Einstein found his way to his relativity theory. Far fewer people have the knowledge of existence of Young-Sea Huang relativity theory. In this paper we will compare these two relativity theories with Einstein Thought Experiments. Since the reader may not be aware of the conceptual theory of Young-Sea Huang relativity, it is recommended to first read the documents in reference.

viXra, 2016

Experimental and logical evidences against relativity theory have accumulated over many decades. However, relativity theory still persists and this is mainly due to lack of a competing alternative theory of the speed of light that can successfully explain the apparently contradicting experimental facts of the speed of light. In fact, the lack of an alternative explanation of existing experimental facts is considered as an assurance that relativity is a correct theory. The failure of ether and emission theories is cited as one of the evidences for relativity. In this paper a compelling alternative model of the speed of light: Apparent Source Theory ( AST ), is proposed. The blunder in the Michelson-Morley experiment was that of considering light as ordinary, material waves. Light is not only a local phenomenon. Light is a dual phenomenon: local and non-local. There is no medium (ether) for light transmission. The flaw in the conception of Michelson-Morley experiment was this: absolut...

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A, 1992