Change of Meaning in the East Javanese Language

2013

This research aims to describe type classifier of semantic change and to explain the factors causing semantic change. This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach. The research method is conducted by comparing the meaning of words from the Old Javanese and Sanskrit loan word to Modern Javanese. The collection data is done by looking for words that the meaning suspected change in Old Javanese dictionary. Words meaning determined precisely by tracing to the Old Javanese text. Furthermore, words meaning are compared to present time meaning through Modern Javanese dictionary. Besides, searching Modern Javanese meaning are also using Javanese news on the internet pages. The analysis of this research is to classify Old Javanese words and Sanskrit loan words meaning that change to Modern Javanese. It's also explained why the change in the word meaning can occur. The result shows that semantic change of Old Javanese words and Sanskrit loan words to Modern Javanese can be classified into seven types, involving widening, narrowing, shifting, metaphor, metonymy, pejoration, and euphemism. Besides, the result shows that semantic change can occur because of some factors. The psychological factor concerning emotive and taboo, and polysemy. religion spreading, the growth of science and technology, the socio-political development, and the needs of a new name.

Proceedings of the 2nd Social Sciences, Humanities and Education Conference: Establishing Identities through Language, Culture, and Education (SOSHEC 2018)

The aim of this study is to describe the form, the socio-cultural context, and the social meaning of the Javanese language varieties. In this research, the researchers used descriptive qualitative research with case study design. The data of this research were obtained from the people utterances. Observation, interview, and documentation were used to collect the data. There were 30 participants involved in this research. The instruments of this research were an audio recording, a questionnaire, and note. Triangulation was applied to measure the validity of data. The researchers used content analysis for peeling utterances in text form. For analyzing the data, the researchers used An Interactive Model of Analysis. The results of this study revealed that 40 words differ from the basic vocabulary. The context of the Javanese language varieties is particular context and general context based on the participant, setting, topic, and the function. There are four social meaning such as group identity, solidarity, politeness, and pride. The participants in this study were relatively small. Conducting similar studies with more participants involved would be helpful. Moreover, it would be insightful to examine the use of Javanese language varieties among people around Java.

2019

This study discusses the vocabulary of Sundanese which has similar in forms and different in meanings to the Javanese vocabulary. The purpose of this study is to find out (1) words in Sundanese which form is the same as the word in Javanese but different in meanings and (2) words in Sundanese which lexical form and meaning are the same as words in Javanese but they’re in a different variety (familiar variety or respect/high variety). The method used is the matching method (Sudaryanto, 1996). The findings of this study indicate that some words in Sundanese have the same form but different meanings with Javanese, such as the word 'tea' as a personal pronoun or particle in Sundanese but means 'tea' as a drink in Javanese. Some words in Sundanese also indicate that a word that is considered to be a variety of respect, is considered a familiar variety in Javanese, such as the word 'Wengi' in Sundanese and Javanese which means 'night'. In Sundanese, the wor...

2019

Javanese people in Tawangharjo sub district used Javanese (ngoko, madya and krama) in their daily conversation, but sometimes they used English borrowing words in unaware even aware situation. This study is aimed to know English borrowing word are used by society there. The focus of this study is analyzing the phonemic substitution based on the Haugen and Baugh’s theory. Haugen divided the phonemic substitution into three kinds namely, without, partial and complete phonemic substitution. Baugh divided the change of meaning into four kinds. They are Extension, Narrowing, Regeneration and Degeneration meaning. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on this method, the researcher found the data by participatory observation. Then the data is analyzed based on the theory, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) and Oxford Dictionary. As the conclusion, 102 English Borrowing words are usually used in daily conversation by society there. There are 27 words are categorize...

Journal of Language Teaching and Research

This study aims to reveal part of language components named lexical and phonological differences in Javanese in East Java, Indonesia. Data were collected from a sample of three regions which are Probolinggo, Surabaya, and Ngawi. Probolinggo was chosen because of its adjacency to Madura Island. Surabaya was chosen because of its strategic location not only the centre of government, but also as the Capital City of East Java Province. Meanwhile, Ngawi was chosen because of its location in the west-end of East Java and directly adjacent to Central Java Province. This research is a quantitative research. The data were Javanese used by adults in East Java, especially in Probolinggo, Surabaya, and Ngawi. The research instrument used was Nothofer questionnaire which was modified by Kisyani to be 829 glossaries of words/phrases. The results of the study revealed that: 1) the most lexical of Javanese was in the western and eastern parts of East Java thus the least was in the central governmen...

JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan

This study aims to present language shift analysis of javanese language that is happened in South Tangerang. This study uses case study qualitative method that collects the data from 3 subjects about language shift that related to some theories and sources. The object of the study is language used of javanese language that provides subjects who have language shifting in their daily speaking. As a result, the research can claim that the Java language shift is influenced by bilingualism, migration, and economic, value, and attitude factor and the reason for the Java language shift into the Indonesian language is the status Indonesian language.

Borrowing word is one way of overcome vocabulary that does not exist in the destination language. In addition, word borrowing is used to enrich vocabulary in a language. Borrowing vocabulary can happen from local language to national or foreign language, and the reverse happens. The purpose of this paper is to know the words borrowed from the local language (Minangkabau) into the national language (Bahasa Indonesia). This research focuses only on the sounds and shifting of meaning. Many of the words in detail are 70 words out of a total of about 929 words (8.71%) accompanied by source from KBBI. In word borrowing from Minangkabau language to Indonesian there are 25 (38,71%) words that are adopted in its entirety, and 45 words (64.29%) words that go through the process of adjustment of meaning and rules (adaptation). there are 2 words that experience narrowing meaning and 1 word experiencing the expansion of meaning. It can be concluded that there are two vocabulary borrowing process...

2017

Languages combine form and meaning in order to express an infinite number of ideas. Modern linguistics has developed sophisticated methods to probe the formal structure of languages from phonetics to syntax, but the study of meaning remains relatively unexplored. The lack of sophisticated methods to document the semantic structure of languages remains a significant problem for work with endangered languages. Research in semantics is limited by semantic theories that can be traced back to Plato and Aristotle. These theories assume that languages use a universal set of semantic elements to construct meaning. The classical theories cannot account for semantic change and an explanation of metaphor is completely beyond the scope of such theories. In this paper I propose a theory of semantics that puts metaphor at the center of semantics. Rather than create an artificial dichotomy between figurative and non-figurative language, the metaphorical approach to semantics assumes that all langu...

Dialectologia, 2021

The aims of this study are to describe and to determine the percentage of lexical variations in the Javanese used by the transmigrants in Dharmasraya Regency. The data were collected using the observational and conversational method. Identity and dialectometry method was used to analyse the data. The results showed that Javanese in Dharmasraya Regency can be divided into four dialects, they are: Tebing Tinggi, Koto Laweh, Kurnia Koto Salak and Sitiung dialect. The Sitiung dialect can be divided into two subdialects, namely Sitiung and Pulau Mainan subdialect. These differences of dialects are caused by geographical factor, the distance between the points of observation, transportation, and communication. Javanese used in the daily conversation is different from Javanese used in the homeland or in Java Island, which does not have language level as known as unggah-ungguh. It happens due to the lack of mastery and understanding of the speakers about the concept.

Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 2019

The Javanese language belongs to language which has unique phonological system. There are so many foreign language has influenced the development of Javanese. This study is intended to examine the sound change of borrowing word of foreign language in Javanese which is found in Panjebar Semangat magazine. The data is taken from Panjebar and checked using old Javanese dictionary. This study belongs to descriptive qualitative research and used Simak method and Non Participant Observation in collecting the data. The data analysis is done by using Padan method. The result of the study reveals three sound changes of vowels sound and four phonological rules. Then, there are four types of sound change and four phonological rule of consonant sound. The result showed that the sound change of borrowing word in Javanese is influenced by the differences of phonological system between Javanese and the foreign language.