Impact of climate warming on European inland waters
Martin Dokulil2014, Inland Waters
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Abstract
Climate change impacts include such an overwhelming number of facets that the extent of references is impossible to cover. The selection presented in this review on global warming is presumably subjective, although the author has tried to assemble relevant and/or most recent information. The references specified should be regarded as examples that direct the reader to more information on a specific subject.
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Impacts of climate change on European hydrology at 1.5, 2 and 3 degrees mean global warming above preindustrial level
Climatic Change, 2017
Impacts of climate change at 1.5, 2 and 3°C mean global warming above preindustrial level are investigated and compared for runoff, discharge and snowpack in Europe. Ensembles of climate projections representing each of the warming levels were assembled to describe the hydro-meteorological climate at 1.5, 2 and 3°C. These ensembles were then used to force an ensemble of five hydrological models and changes to hydrological indicators were calculated. It is seen that there are clear changes in local impacts on evapotranspiration, mean, low and high runoff and snow water equivalent between a 1.5, 2 and 3°C degree warmer world. In a warmer world, the hydrological impacts of climate change are more intense and spatially more extensive. Robust increases in runoff affect the Scandinavian mountains at 1.5°C, but at 3°C extend over most of Norway, Sweden and northern Poland. At 3°C, Norway is affected by robust changes in all indicators. Decreases in mean annual runoff are seen only in Portugal at 1.5°C warming, but at 3°C warming, decreases to runoff are seen around the entire Iberian coast, the Balkan Coast and parts of the French coast. In affected parts of Europe, there is a distinct increase in the changes to mean, low and high runoff at 2°C compared to 1.5°C, strengthening the case for mitigation to lower levels of global warming. Between 2 and 3°C, the changes in low and high runoff levels continue to increase, but the
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Impacts of Climate Change on Physical Characteristics of Lakes in Europe
2009
The European Ecological Water Quality and Intercalibration action (EEWAI-22002) of the Rural Water and Ecosystem Resources Unit of the JRC-IES, carries out research to help the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) through developing and harmonising the assessment methods for water quality of surface water bodies and provides scientific and technical support for the Commission Services, other European institutions (such European Environment Agency, EEA), and EU Member States on development and ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Lakes in Central Europe
Impact of Climate Change on European Lakes, 2010
In Europe, the effects of global warming are expected to be particularly acute in areas exposed to a more extreme continental climate. The climate change scenarios summarized in Chapter 2, this volume, suggest that the average summer temperatures in some areas of Central Europe could increase by as much as 6 • C by 2071-2100. The associated projections for the rainfall give even more cause for concern with the reductions in some areas approaching 50% in summer. In this chapter we analyse impacts of changing weather conditions on lakes in Central Europe. Long-term data sets from a number of lakes are used to link measured variables to climate signals. Particular attention is paid to the lakes in the perialpine region which are known to be very sensitive to short-term changes in the weather (Psenner, 2003; Thompson et al., 2005). Here, the topography and the steep orography enhance the water cycle, and result in flooding, debris flows, avalanches, vertical plant migration etc. The Alps also form a barrier to the mass movement of air and are responsible for the sharp climatic divide between Atlantic, Continental and Mediterranean influences. Central Europe is a variously and vaguely defined region. Rather than a physical entity, it is more a reflection of a shared history. The results summarized here are based on the analysis of long-term climatological and limnological data from the countries shown in Fig. 20.1. These include Germany (DE), Poland (PL), the Czech Republic (CZ), Slovakia (SK), Switzerland (CH), Lichtenstein (LI), Austria (AT) and Hungary (HU). The Central European countries are geographically diverse with landforms ranging from the North-German Lowlands, through the Alps to the Hungarian plain. The pannonian plain in the eastern part is also a major climatic 'crossing point' and is affected by the Eastern-European continental, the Western-European oceanic and the Mediterranean influence.
Project no. GOCE-CT-2003-505540 Project acronym: Euro-limpacs Project full name: Integrated Project to evaluate the Impacts of Global Change on European Freshwater Ecosystems Instrument type: Integrated Project Priority name: Sustainable Development
2006
Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2006) Dissemination Level (tick appropriate box) PU Public PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrological Extremes Across Europe
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Consequently, the spatial and temporal variability of water resource, or in general the water balance, can be significantly which in turn affects agriculture, industry and urban development. Climate change is expected to have adverse impacts on socio economic development globally; the degree of the impact will vary across nations [7].
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