Dentoalveolar Fractures

A Clinical Guide to Dental Traumatology, 2007

I njuries to the teeth and the supporting alveolar bone may often go undiagnosed in the hospital emergency room because of the urgency of other associated critical injuries or the lack of adequate training to evaluate these injuries. Displaced alveolar fractures and associated dental injuries are to be considered a subacute emergency because the timing of treatment affects the prognosis of the involved teeth. 8 Whenever possible, these injuries should be treated without delay to improve the prognosis of the teeth, reduce pain, and restore function. Alveolar fractures often occur with concomitant dental and soft tissue injuries and sometimes with facial bone fractures. These fractures result in injury not only to the supporting bone, but also to the pulps and periodontal ligaments of the involved teeth. Treatment of these injuries requires immediate reduction, fixation and immobilization, and long-term follow-up and restoration of the injured teeth. Every effort should be made to preserve alveolar bone and restorable teeth. The mucogingival tissue must be properly reapproximated to prevent an unesthetic deformity that may be difficult to reconstruct at a later date. An endodontic assessment of all injured teeth should be planned along with the prosthetic rehabilitation of the fractured or avulsed teeth. Pulpal necrosis, root resorption, loss of bone and teeth, and malocclusion are some of the complications of alveolar fractures. This chapter will discuss the terminology, recognition, evaluation, management, and endodontic implications of alveolar fractures with examples of some clinical scenarios. Awareness of these basic principles will help the dentist to provide timely care and create an understanding of when to promptly refer these injuries. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY Alveolar fractures are usually reported in conjunction with dental injuries and facial fractures, making it difficult to estimate their incidence. In an investigation of patients coming

Dental Traumatology, 1987

Abstraet-Type of tooth injury is determined by the energy and direction of impact, as well as by the resilience and shape of the offending object. A total of 1611 traumatized teeth in 1152 patients were examined to investigate differences in injury patterns in relation to the etiology and mechanism of injury. The injuries were divided into mild, moderate and serious, and into hard tissue injuries, periodontal tissue injuries, or injuries involving both types of tissue. The mechanisms were divided into four categories describing the energy, shape and resilience of the offending object. Seven etiological categories were recognized. The numbers of teeth injured simultaneously differed between accidents (p<0.01), with violence and traffic accidents causing multiple injuries more frequently than sports or undefined accidents at home or at school, which were more often single-tooth traumas. Injuries due to traffic accidents were estimated as serious more often than those of other etiologies. Individual sports accidents resulted in more hard tissue injuries, while violence caused more periodontally injured teeth. Numbers of teeth injured simultaneously and types of injuries differed according to the mechanism of the trauma (p<0.05 and p< 0.001 respectively). A resilient surface or resilient object resulted less often in single tooth injuries than a hard surface or hard object, but more often in periodontally injured teeth.

International journal of health sciences, 2021

Dental trauma is a significant public health problem because of its frequency, impact on economic productivity and quality of life. It is not a disease and no individual is ever at zero risk of sustaining these potentially life-changing injuries. The aim of this article was to review the literature on the prevalence, incidence, a etiology, prognosis and outcomes of dental trauma. The importance of standardized reporting, oral health policy, adjunctive research methods, prevention and education will also be discussed. Approximately one-third of children and toddlers (primary teeth) and one-fifth of adolescents and adults (permanent teeth) sustained a traumatic dental injury. The majority involved the maxillary central incisors, mainly from falls in toddlers at home and contact sport in adolescents.

2020

Introduction: Trauma to the teeth and its supporting tissues often occurs in trauma patients. The involvement of orofacial trauma is estimated to be around 15% of all emergency patients, and 2% of these cases involve dentoalveolar trauma. Objective : Case report of a 53-year-old man case of gum, with complaints of tooth, gum, and head pain due to trauma from motorcycle accident Case Report : Complaints experienced by a single motorcycle accident and hit a wooden board with the position of the face hit first, patients have lost consciousness shortly after the accident. Complaints of pain in the upper lower lip and gum, avulsion on teeth 11,21 and mobility on teeth 12,22,31,32,41,42. Discussion : The patient had previously treated in a community health service so that the airway inspections and handling were not carried out. Observative was carried out in consultation with the Neurosurgery section for a history of loss of consciousness, than the definitive care by attaching an Eyelet...

Open Access Emergency Medicine, 2021

Background: The etiology, presentation and management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) vary significantly between the adult and the younger population. Most epidemiological studies on TDIs have focused on the pediatric age group. This study aims to report and compare the distributions of TDIs among adults in a sub-population in India. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed on 1562 consecutively selected patients (1218 males and 344 females) from a university dental hospital in India, between July 2014 and June 2018. The clinical examinations were performed by a single trained and calibrated endodontist. Only TDIs to anterior teeth were recorded (canine to canine in the maxilla and mandible) and classified using a modified version of the World Health Organization's (WHO's) classification. Periapical and panoramic radiographs were taken for all the subjects. Results: A total of 1562 patients aged between 20 and 73 years, with a mean age of 36 years, were examined during the study period. The total number of teeth with TDIs was 3044. Males (78%) clearly outnumbered the females (22%) in all the age groups. The most common type of injury occurring in both the genders is uncomplicated crown fractures (male=31.0% and female=36.6%). Avulsion injuries are more likely to be seen by a dentist within 1 hour post-trauma. About two-third of the TDIs were caused by road traffic accidents (RTAs) followed by falls in about 20% of the patients. Conclusion: Uncomplicated crown fracture was the most commonly observed type of TDI, and RTAs were the primary cause of TDI.

MEDIS – International Journal of Medical Sciences and Research

Traumatic dental injuries are significant public health problem because of its frequency, impact on economic productivity and quality of life. It is not a disease and no individual is ever at zero risk of sustaining these potentially life-changing injuries. Traumatic dental injuries occur most frequently in children and young adults. Older adults also suffer from traumatic dental injuries but at significantly lower rates than individuals in the younger cohorts. Luxation injuries are the most common traumatic dental injuries in the primary dentition, whereas crown fractures are more commonly reported for the permanent teeth. Proper diagnosis, treatment planning and follow up are very important to assure a favorable outcome. The aim was to overview the etiology, prevalence and possible outcomes of dental trauma. An electronic search of Medline (PubMed), Cochrane, SSCI (Social Citation Index), SCI (Science Citation Index) databases from 2000 to the present, using the following search w...

In the Crown Fractures as I mentioned that all tooth layers are included in the fracture line. This type is managed by the vital pulp therapy or complete endodontic treatment depends on the following factors:

Dental Traumatology, 2007

Traumatic dental injuries often require multiple follow-up visits and may have long-term consequences for the developing dentition. It is therefore an important area for research. However, of the studies that exist, many report on the prevalence of trauma with less emphasis on the mechanism of injury and few give a full profile of the children involved and the time and place of injury.

2017

The objective of this study was to determine the causes and types of denture fractures in patients who came for dental treatment to Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar. In this cross sectional study 160 patients were the subject study. They were seen over a period of 3 months. After obtaining informed consent, a Pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data regarding the causes and types of denture fractures. Adult male and female patients with age above 40 years were included in this study. Eighty-eight were males (55%) and 72 were females (45%). The mean age was 55.68 ± 7.73 years. This study revealed that the most common denture fracture occured outside the mouth from impact as a result of accidents such as accidentally dropping the denture from the mouth while coughing or dropping the denture. The liability of denture to accidental fractures is 56% (n=35.0). It could be concluded that damage to removable dentures is quite frequent and provides much distress and cos...