Hypoadiponectinemia: a risk factor for metabolic syndrome

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2018

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that adiponectin, a major adipocyte secretory protein, has insulin-sensitizing and anti-atherogenic properties and protects against later development of type 2 diabetes. We investigated the association of adiponectin with insulin resistance, blood lipids and type 2 diabetes in non obese central Indian population.Methods: Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured in 149 (81 male and 68 female) newly diagnosed non obese type 2 diabetic patients and 157 (85 male and 72 female) age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls.Results: Adiponectin level (p<0.0001) was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in non diabetic control. In an age, gender and BMI adjusted model, adiponectin level was significantly negatively correlated with waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p= 0.0034), HbA1C, total cholesterol, LDL-choleste...

2008

Background: Obesity is commonly associated with insulin resistance (IR), and is a common cause of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipose tissue protein that enhances insulin sensitivity and has anti-atherogenic properties. Objective: This study was done to determine the adiponectin level and its relations to key components of the metabolic syndrome in obese diabetic (OD), obese non-diabetic (OB) and control [non-obese, non-diabetic (NOND)] Qatari subjects. Research design and Methods: We examined 64 (OD), 61 (OB) and 72 (NOND) male and female subjects. After a 12 h overnight fasting, blood samples were withdrawn for determination of plasma glucose, insulin, adiponectin, HbA1 C , uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C. Results: Plasma levels of adiponectin in OD (10.60 ± 3.64µg/mL) and OB (11.21 ± 3.41µg/mL) were significantly lower than NOND controls (14.73 ± 4.97µg/mL). Significant, inverse correlations were observed between adiponectin levels and BMI (r=-0.241, p<0.05), plasma glucose (r=-0.221, p<0.05), insulin (r=-0.280, p<0.05), C-peptide (r=-0.334, P<0.01), total cholesterol (r=-0.243, p<0.01,), triglycerides (r=-0.438, p<0.01), LDL-C (r=-0.214, p<0.05) and uric acid (r=-0.286, p<0.05). In addition, correlated positively with HDL-C(r=0.386, p<0.01). In multiple regression analysis, only TG was inversely associated with plasma level of adiponectin in all groups. Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence that adiponectin is reduced in Qatari obese subjects with and without diabetes. The measurement of circulating adiponectin among Qatari obese subjects is suggested to monitor cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Whether the plasma adiponectin level could be a suitable biomarker for following the clinical progress of CVD among Qatari obese and diabetic subjects warrants further investigation.

World Nutrition Journal, 2017

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin and metabolic syndrome in adults living in rural Malaysia.Methods: A total of 299 Malay adults (men=124; women = 175) with a mean age 48.8 (11.7) years were recruited. Measurements for waist circumference and blood pressure were taken before drawing an overnight fasting blood samples. Biochemical tests for triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose and serum adiponectin concentration were measured.Results: Our results show that the adiponectin level in the subjects with metabolic syndrome was significantly lower than those without metabolic syndrome (p &lt; 0.05). Among the metabolic syndrome risk factors, adiponectin level was significantly associated with hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL cholesterol (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: The outcome from this study which highlights the association of hypoadiponectinemia with risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Malay adults, suggests that the reduced le...

Khyber Medical University Journal, 2014

OBJECTIVE: to study the relationship of adiponectin level with lipid profile and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic subjects with and without coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional/ analytical study consisted of three groups. Group A consisted of 60 healthy subjects, group B consisted of 60 type 2 diabetic subjects and group C consisted of 60 type 2 diabetic subjects with coronary heart disease. The study participants were analyzed for serum adiponectin level, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Journal of thee Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran), 2021

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is high worldwide which it can increase the risk of some diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus even mortality. The prevalence pattern and determinants of MetS risk factors might differ among ethnics in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the anthropometry and metabolic measurements determinants to predict the MetS prevalence of the Javanese population in Yogyakarta. It was a case control study conducted from December 2018 to March 2019 involving 214 Javanese subjects aged 20-74 years resided in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. NCEP ATP III criteria were used to identify MetS as case and not diagnosed with MetS as control. The results showed that BMI, WC, BP, total cholesterol and HDL-C were significantly different between MetS and non MetS patients (p<0.005). In MetS subjects, prevalence of obesity was 75.3%, visceral fat was 75.3%, WC 92.95%, WHtR 97.64% and total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio 553%, which independently increased the risk of MetS 7. 30, 5.32, 13.37, 20.75, and 7.16 times, respectively. Result of logistic regression analysis showed central obesity based on WC increased the risk of Met-S by 17.62 time and the ratio of total cholesterol/HDL-C>5 by 9.54 time. In conclusion, WHtR is a better marker for MetS prediction independently. However, the WHtR in combination with WC and total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio are better for MetS prediction in the Javanese population. Prevalensi sindrom metabolic (SM) tinggi di seluruh dunia yang dapat meningkatkan risiko berbagai penyakit seperti kardiovaskular, diabetes melitus tipe 2 bahkan kematian. Pola prevalensi dan determinan faktor risiko SM mungkin berbeda antar etnik di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan determinan pengukuran antopometri danmetabolik untuk memprediksi SM pada etnis Jawa di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kasus control yang dilakukan antra Desember 2018 sampai Maret 2019 dengan melibatkan 214 orang Jawa berumur 20-74 tahun tinggal di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Kriteria NCEP ATP III digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi SM sebagai kelompok kasus dan tidak mengalami SM sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BMI, WC, BP, kolesterol total dan HDL-C antara kelompok SM dan non SM (p<0,005). Pada kelompok SM, prevalensi obesitas adalah 75,3%, lemak visceral adalah 75,3%, WC 92,95%, WHtR 97,64% dan rasio kolesterol total/HDL-C 55,3%, yang secara independen meningkatkan risiko SM masing-masing sebesar 7. 30, 5.32, 13.37, 20.75, dan 7.16 kali. Hasil analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan obesitas sentral berdasarkan WC meningkatkan risiko SM sebesar 17,62 kali dan rasio kolesterol total/HDL-C >5 sebesar 9,54 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WHtR adalah penanda yang lebih baik untuk memprediksi SM secara independent.Namun, WHtR bersama WC dan rasiokolesterol total/ HDL-C lebih baik untuk mengidentifikasi SM pada populasi Jawa.

2016

Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-derived adipocytokine which appears in diminished concentrations in a number of processes linked to cardiovascular disease, such as type2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between adiponectin, lipid profile, and atherogenic index in type2 diabetic patients.This study enrolled 60 type2 diabetic male subjects attend to the National Diabetic Center (AlMustansiyriyah University) Baghdad, Iraq; and 30 subjects serves as a control group. Fasting plasma glucose FPG, glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, insulin, lipid profile, and serum adiponectin were measured in T2DM males. Low density lipoprotein (LDL), atherogenic index and HOMA IR were calculated. Results showed that there was no significant difference for concerning waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the diabetic subjects and control subjects. Diabetic group showed a highly significant increase in FPG, HbA1c, lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL), and athe...

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2012

Obesity is risk factor for insulin resistance, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. Adiponectin, an adipose-specific protein with antiatherogenic and antiinflammatory effects, were found to be associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance. Our aim to identify possible relationships between circulating adiponectin and obesity as well as obesity related phenotypes. A total of 642, obese and non-obese individuals were included in this cross-sectional study. Hormone and glucose levels were estimated using standard protocols. The adiponectin levels showed a significant decrease with increasing quartiles of insulin resistance index. Subjects in lowest quartile of adiponectin level had a significantly higher risk than those in the highest quartile, with higher body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, percentage body fat, fat mass, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index, total cholesterol (p \ 0.001), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = 0.001), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = 0.002), and Triglyceride (p = 0.002). The present study indicates that adiponectin is significantly associated with obesity, insulin resistance and other obesity related phenotypes.

Metabolism

Adiponectin is a major adipocytokine and has been considered as an independent risk factor for arterial hypertension. Most studies on the subject have been restricted to biracial (white-black) and Asian groups. The present report examined whether adiponectin affects blood pressure in a sample of untreated obese Brazilians of multiethnic origin. Fasting plasma adiponectin and serum insulin were determined by radioimmunoassay. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Blood pressure was recorded using Dinamap 1846 (Critikon, Tampa, FL). Adiponectin was significantly lower in obese hypertensive individuals than in obese normotensive ones. Blood pressure, insulin, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in obese hypertensive than in obese normotensive individuals. Plasma adiponectin was negatively associated with waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, insulin, and HOMA-IR. The comparison of obese individuals who markedly differed in the...

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 2017

c l i n i c a l e p i d e m i o l o g y a n d g l o b a l h e a l t h 5

American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, 2014

Several studies have demonstrated that adiponectin has strong association with metabolic syndrome and its factors like obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease. A total 152 subjects were registered in this study. Among the respondents 76 were with metabolic syndrome (based on the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) world-wide definition) and another 76 matching healthy respondents. The factors which were studied for possible differences and association include central obesity (body mass index (BMI) & waist circumference (WC), hypertension (systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), dyslipidemia (total cholesterol (Tc), high density lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-c), Triglyceride (TG) and Adiponectin (AD), fasting plasma glucose and history of smoking. The data collected was statistically analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 12.0. Two tests were performed including paired t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. The collected data revealed some interesting differences for the healthy and metabolic syndrome respondents. There were significant (P<0.01) differences for central obesity and hypertension. There were also significant (P<0.01, P<0.1, P<0.01) differences for TG, HDL and fasting plasma glucose. More importantly, AD concentration was significantly (P<0.05) higher in normal healthy respondents. The AD showed strong negative association (r = -2.91, P<0.001) with FBG and positive association (r = 2.89, P<0.001) with HDL-c. The present study provides baseline information on the predication of metabolic syndrome in Malaysian population.