Applications of Nano Hydroxyapatite as Adsorbents: A Review
Iresha L BalasooriyaNanomaterials
Sign up for access to the world's latest research
checkGet notified about relevant papers
checkSave papers to use in your research
checkJoin the discussion with peers
checkTrack your impact
Abstract
Nano hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) has aroused widespread attention as a green and environmentally friendly adsorbent due to its outstanding ability in removing heavy metal ions, radio nuclides, organic pollutants and fluoride ions for wastewater treatment. The hexagonal crystal structure of HAp supports the adsorption mechanisms including ionic exchange reaction, surface complexation, the co-precipitation of new partially soluble phases and physical adsorption such as electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding. However, nano HAp has some drawbacks such as agglomeration and a significant pressure drop during filtration when used in powder form. Therefore, instead of using nano HAp alone, researchers have worked on modificationsand composites of nano HAp to overcome these issues and enhance the adsorption capacity. The modification of cationic doping and organic molecule grafting for nano HAp can promote the immobilization of ions and then increase adsorption capacity. De...
Related papers
Polymer-based hydroxyapatite nanocomposites for the removal of emerging contaminants: A review
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE, ENERGY AND ECOLOGY” (TAEE2022)
Emerging contaminants are the new products/chemicals or their byproducts without regulatory status that have a detrimental effect on environment and human health due to their complex effect, diversity, and wide range of applications. Several techniques have been employed for the removal of these contaminants from water, out of which adsorption is the most effective and versatile technique due to better removal performance at low operating and maintenance cost. Despite being non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable in nature, hydroxyapatite has number of limitations that are addressed by doping it with polymers. Polymeric-based nanocomposites are gaining attention in past years due to their ease of performance, cost adequacy, and environmental stability. The polymer doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposite exhibits high adsorption capacities for a wide variety of pollutants in wastewater. Polymer-based hydroxyapatite nanocomposites serve as efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable adsorbents that can be used for removing several emerging contaminants from wastewater. This review incorporates optimum conditions for obtaining maximum adsorption capacities of polymer-based hydroxyapatite nanocomposite adsorbents. The peculiar characteristic of the adsorption process and its mechanism along with the significant factors affecting the phenomenon of adsorption have been distinctly explained in this review. The current review provides a detailed insight into the characteristics of hydroxyapatite, its limitations, and the advantages of polymer doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. Various polymer-coated hydroxyapatite nano adsorbents, their fabrication method, the impact of adsorption parameters onto the adsorption capacities for the removal of emerging contaminants from wastewater are discussed.
Rapid adsorption of industrial pollutants using metal ion doped hydroxyapatite
7TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIERARCHICALLY STRUCTURED MATERIALS (NCHSM-2019), 2019
The disposal of carcinogenic synthetic dye waste in water poses major challenges and threats the environmental safety. In this work, we address the issue of dye removal by adsorption using inorganic materials, Hydroxyapatite (HAp) with and without doping metal ions (Fe 3+ and Co 2+) are synthesized via facile co-precipitation route. These compounds are characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, FTIR, Raman, SEM, UV-Vis and photoluminescence studies for confirming the phase, structure, morphology, composition and optical properties. The adsorption capacity of these samples were explored against Congo red dye. Enhanced adsorption efficiency (95.6%) is attained for iron doped HAp. Using various kinetic models, the adsorption kinetics of the dye is deliberated. Hence, based on the overall results, metal ions doped HAp could be employed as a feasible novel adsorbent material for industrial waste water treatment.
Adsorption of Pb (II) Ions onto Hydroxyapatite Nanopowders in Aqueous Solutions
Materials, 2018
Contamination of water with heavy metals such as lead is a major worldwide problem because they affect the physiological functions of living organisms, cause cancer, and damage the immune system. Hydroxyapatite, (Ca5(PO4)3OH) is considered one of the most effective materials for removing heavy metals from contaminated water. The hydroxyapatite nanopowders (N-HAp) obtained by a co-precipitation method were used in this research to determine the effectiveness in removing lead ions from contaminated solutions. In this study, we have investigated the structure and morphology of N-HAp nanopowders using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electronic transmission microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structure information was also obtained by spectroscopy measurements. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed the presence of peaks corresponding to the phosphate and hydroxyl groups. The ability of N-HAp nanopowders to adsor...
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Acidic Mine Waters Remediation
Revista de Chimie, 2019
Mining activities have a high negative impact on the environment and on human health. Environmental impacts can result in contamination of surface water, groundwater, soil and air. Large volumes of wastewater produced by mining activities have to be remediated before being discharged into the environment. Due to the complex composition of wastewater coming from the mining industry and because their negative impacts, numerous remediation techniques have been applied. Adsorption is one of the most extensively used ways to remediate mining wastewater as a consequence of its low cost, easiness to be performed, and also due to the wide variety of materials (natural and synthetic) that can be use as adsorbents. Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), a naturally occurring form of calcium phosphate has a good capacity to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions due to its excellent properties. By preparing hydroxyapatite using different synthesis methods, its properties can be manipul...
Nano and Micro-hydroxyapatite Particles for Lead Removal from Wastewater
Two types of (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) hydroxyapatite (HAP) powders with high purity were obtained using two different synthesis methods – a wet chemical synthesis method such as precipitation from aqueous solution and a dry chemical method such as solid-state sintering. Both types of powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and N2 sorption analysis. X-ray diffraction showed that both HAP powders contain hydroxyapatite as the only crystalline phase. Data from X-ray diffraction were confirmed by FT-IR spectra. SEM images showed that nanometric size hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) was obtained by precipitation from aqueous solution and hydroxyapatite with micrometric size (micro-HAP) was obtained using sintering method as a solid phase synthesis method. Nano-HAP powder has a BET surface area almost 5 times higher than that of the microcrystalline HAP powder. Consequently, both powders were comparatively tested in lead removal process from aqueous solutions. The contact time, the concentration of lead ions in the initial solution, pH and temperature were the main parameters studied. The highest Pb(II) sorption was achieved for nano-HAP. The sorption process was relatively fast because the equilibrium was achieved after about 60-180 min of contact depending on the lead concentration in the initial solution, and the specific surface area of the samples. Results showed that the adsorption behaviour of micro-HAP and nano-HAP follows the Langmuir isotherm. The kinetic process of Pb(II) sorption onto micro-HAP and nano-HAP was tested by applying the pseudo-first order, the pseudo-second order, and intraparticle diffusion models. The experimental data were fitted with pseudo-second order equation. The main mechanism for lead ions removal using synthesized micro-HAP and nano-HAP was suggested to be dissolution of HAP followed by hydroxy-pyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3OH) precipitation. From this experimental study, it can be concluded that both sorbents can be successfully applied for lead removal from wastewater.
The influence of the hydroxyapatite synthesis method on the electrochemical, surface and adsorption properties of hydroxyapatite
Adsorption Science & Technology
Hydroxyapatite is a compound that belongs to the group of apatite minerals. It is a very interesting adsorbent and the main inorganic component of bones and teeth. Hydroxyapatite was obtained using three different methods. The samples were designated as HAP1, HAP2 and HAP3. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized by the following methods: thermal analysis, EDAX, XRD, FTIR, adsorption and desorption of nitrogen. The electrochemical properties were studied by electrochemical titration and zeta potential. The protein used was bovine serum albumin; its concentration was 5 mg/ml. The adsorbed protein concentration was determined based on the absorbance measurements at ¼ 279 nm by UV-VIS. The characteristics are pHpzc ¼ 6.64, 6.22, 6.43 at the HAP1/NaCl, HAP2/NaCl, HAP3/NaCl interfaces respectively and the pHiep values are about 4 for all the systems. The thermal stability of hydroxyapatite changed due to the bovine serum albumin adsorption. Synthesis method of hydroxyapatite influences on electrochemical properties and adsorption of bovine serum albumin on it.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite- (HAP-) Clay Composites and Adsorption Studies on Methylene Blue for Water Treatment
Journal of Chemistry
Dyes used by the textile, tannery, and food industries tend to pollute water bodies and must be removed to get clean water. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) was synthesized from eggshells using the wet precipitation process. The as-synthesized HAP was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The synthesized HAP was mixed with three different clays: halloysite (HNT), kaolinite (KAO), and bentonite (BENT). The removal efficiency values of methylene blue (MB) from the data showed that HAP-BENT adsorbents had higher values, followed by HAP-HNT and then HAP-KAO adsorbents. The combined masses of 24 mg, 34.5 mg, and 33 mg (representing 20%, 15%, and 10% of HAP-BENT mass) had average adsorption capacity values of 20.7 mg/g, 17.2 mg/g, and 17.9 mg/g, respectively. For each mass percentage, the adsorption capacity values were found to decrease with adsorbent dosage. The HAP-BENT composites had removal efficiency values of 98.4, 91.9%, and 91.9%, respectiv...
Potential of nano crystalline hydroxyapatite for lead (II) removal from aqueous solutions: Thermodynamic and adsorption isotherm study
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2011
The potential of the synthesized nano hydroxyapatite to remove Pb (II) from aqueous solutions was investigated in batch reactor under different experimental conditions. The study also investigates the effects of process parameters such as initial concentration of Pb (II) ion, temperature and adsorbent mass. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as G°, H° and S° have been calculated. The thermodynamics of Pb (II) ion onto nano HAp system indicates spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. Lead uptake was quantitatively evaluated using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR) model. The adsorption data follow the Langmuir model better than the Freundlich and DKR model and the adsorption equilibrium was described well by the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 714.286 mg/g of Pb (II) ions on nano HAp.
Synthesis of Femur extracted hydroxyapatite reinforced nanocomposite and its application for Pb(II) ions abatement from aqueous phase
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018
This research study shows the adsorptive potential of biopolymer based nanocomposite for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous phase. The nanocomposite was synthesized by Femur calcined hydroxyapatite and Glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan. Characterizations like Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were performed to investigate the structural modifications, mineral composition and the surface texture of prepared nanocomposite. The adsorption of Pb(II) ions over nanocomposite reveals that the synthesized solid sorbent has promising abatement tendency for heavy metal ions. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the equilibrium data of lead ions adsorption was best fitted to Sips isotherm model. The uptake capacity of synthesized nanocomposite increased from 209 mg/g to 354 mg/g with rise in temperature from 18 o C to 48 o C. The thermodynamic analysis suggested that the Pb(II) ions adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Additionally, enthalpy of adsorption (~22.07 KJ/mol) indicated that the heavy metal ions were chemisorbed over nanocomposite surface. Adsorption of Pb 2+ increased about ~1.6 times in the observed pH range and highest uptake was obtained at pH 5.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Dextran Coated Hydroxyapatite for Environmental Applications
The aim of this study is to prepare a novel compound based on dextran coated hydroxyapatite (DHAp) nanoparticles as adsorption material for lead removal in aqueous solutions. Removal experiments of Pb 2+ ions were carried out in aqueous solutions with controlled Pb 2+ content at pH ~ 6. The structure and the composition of the dextran coated hydroxyapatite composite were determined by Xray diffraction measurements, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The diffraction patterns show that HAp nanoparticles were successfully coated with dextran without any structural changes. HAp coated with dextran composite is transformed into DHAp_Pb via the adsorption of Pb 2+ ions followed by the cation exchange reaction.
Related papers
EVALUAREA PULBERILOR NANOMETRICE DE HIDROXIAPATITĂ PENTRU REȚINEREA IONILOR DE Pb 2+ DIN SOLUȚIILE LOR APOASE EVALUATION OF LAB SCALE NANO-HYDROXYAPATITES FOR REMOVAL OF LEAD IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
2016
This study aimed to investigate the effect of preparation conditions on different hydroxyapatite nanopowders (n-HAP), obtained on the laboratory scale, by the solution-precipitation and sol-gel methods, and to correlate the main characteristics like crystallinity and specific surface area with the ion Pb 2+ immobilization capacity. It is tested the increasing performance of nano-HAP so obtained, to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions through dispersant addition (0.1…1.5%) and isomorphic substitution (Six-HAP, x=0.5; 1). Batch experiments were carried out using different synthetic nano-hydroxyapatites; powders were comparatively tested for lead removal process from aqueous solutions, under different conditions, i.e. initial metal ion concentration, and pH of the solutions. Results showed that all HAP powders obtained by precipitation contain hydroxyapatite as the only crystalline phase instead, the sol-gel HAP powders contains minor quantities of β-TCP. Experimental results sh...
Recent Progress in the Application of Hydroxyapatite for the Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Water Matrices
Materials
Wastewater treatment remains a critical issue globally, despite various technological advancements and breakthroughs. The study of different materials and technologies gained new valences in the last years, in order to obtain cheap and efficient processes, to obtain a cleaner environment for future generations. In this context, the present review paper presents the new achievements in the materials domain with highlights on apatitic materials used for decontamination of water loaded with heavy metals. The main goal of this review is to present the adsorptive removal of heavy metals using hydroxyapatite-based adsorbents, offering a general overview regarding the recent progress in this particular area. Developing the current review, an attempt has been made to give appropriate recognition to the most recent data regarding the synthesis methods and targeted pollutants, including important information regarding the synthesis methods and precursors, morphological characteristics of the ...
Hydroxyapatite for removal of heavy metals from wastewater
Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Chemia, 2017
HAP powder of a low crystallinity and rather large specific surface area was synthesized by an environmentally friendly, cost effective precipitation method, and characterized by XRD, FTIR, and BET isotherms. TEM and AFM are used to envisage the surface of HAP nano particles, showing a high porosity of this ceramic powder. It was used for the removal of metals (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) from mine wastewater. Metal contents in the initial and treated samples were quantified by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry. By the use of HAP, an efficient removal of all metals was ensured. The increase of Ca 2+ ions content in the treated water suggests an ion exchange mechanism.
Biopolymer-Based Nanohydroxyapatite Composites for the Removal of Fluoride, Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic from Water
ACS Omega
In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanocomposites were prepared with chitosan (HAP-CTS), carboxymethyl cellulose (HAP-CMC), alginate (HAP-ALG), and gelatin (HAP-GEL) using a simple wet chemical in situ precipitation method. The synthesized materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer−Emmett−Teller surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. This revealed the successful synthesis of composites with varied morphologies. The adsorption abilities of the materials toward Pb(II), Cd(II), F − , and As(V) were explored, and HAP-CTS was found to have versatile adsorption properties for all of the ions, across a wide range of concentrations and pH values, and in the presence of common ions found in groundwater. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the affinity of HAP-CTS toward multi-ion mixture containing all four ions. HAP-CTS was hence engineered into a more user-friendly form, which can be used to form filters through its combination with cotton and granular activated carbon. A gravity filtration study indicates that the powder form of HAP-CTS is the best sorbent, with the highest breakthrough capacity of 3000, 3000, 2600, and 2000 mL/g for Pb(II), Cd(II), As(V), and F − , respectively. Hence, we propose that HAP-CTS could be a versatile sorbent material for use in water purification.
Application of hydroxyapatite and cement kiln dust mixture in adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solution
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2012
Development of Hydroxyapatite-Polymer Sorbents for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Waste Waters
2018
Water pollution due to the presence of soluble metal ions is one of the greatest challenges to environmental scientists. Different methods have been explored to the removal of these soluble ions. Among these methods, elimination by sorption into/onto solid materials has been considered one of the successful approaches. Sorbent materials usually chemically interact with soluble ions and eliminate them by bond formation between the ions and the sorbent molecules. On the other hand, soluble ions can be also exchanged with inorganic sorbents in which other environmentally friendly ions can exchange with the soluble metal ions. In the current study, the sorption of metal ions through chemical adsorption and ion exchange mechanisms were explored. Apatitic calcium phosphate solid sorbents with various Ca/P molar ratios were synthesized and characterized after being prepared and after thermal treatment at 800C. Additionally, a stoichiometric HAp with a Ca/P molar ratio of 1.67 was also eval...
Structure–Activity Relationship of Lanthanide-Incorporated Nano-Hydroxyapatite for the Adsorption of Fluoride and Lead
2021
The growing demand for water purification provided the initial momentum to produce lanthanide-incorporated nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) such as HAP·CeO2, HAP·CeO2·La(OH)3 (2:1), and HAP·CeO2·La(OH)3 (3:2). These materials open avenues to remove fluoride and lead ions from contaminated water bodies effectively. Composites of HAP containing CeO2 and La(OH)3 were prepared using in situ wet precipitation of HAP, followed by the addition of Ce(SO4)2 and La(NO3)3 into the same reaction mixture. The resultant solids were tested for the removal of fluoride and lead ions from contaminated water. It was found that the composite HAP·CeO2 shows fluoride and lead ion removal capacities of 185 and 416 mg/g, respectively. The fluoride removal capacity of the composite was improved when La(OH)3 was incorporated and it was observed that the composite HAP·CeO2·La(OH)3 (3:2) has the highest recorded fluoride removal capacity of 625 mg/g. The materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy...
Removal of Some Toxic Ions from Seawater and Wastewater by Sorption onto Natural, Synthetic Hydroxyapatite and Alginate-Hydroxyapatite Composite Nanoparticles: A Comparative Study
Journal of Environmental Protection
The main objective of this paper is to study the removal of Cadmium(II), Lead(II), Chromium(VI), and Mercury(II) ions by sorption onto different natural and synthetic nanoparticles. Special attention has been given to the application of fish bone in nanoform as a useful, inexpensive and eco-friendly alternative material. A comparison between natural hydroxyapatite (fish bone), synthetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP) and alginate-hydroxyapatite composite (Alg/Hap) to assess their removal efficiencies to remediate the selected heavy metals has been done. Surface characterization by using different techniques has also been performed to understand the influence of surface characteristics of the adsorbent materials in the removal process. Different parameters (pH, contact time, mass dose and metal ion concentration) have been examined to identify the optimum conditions for remediation of different metals from polluted water. The potential applications of the biosorbents for removal and sorption of these metal ions from seawater and wastewater samples were also investigated and evaluated.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Its Adsorption Parameters for ZN(II) and Reactive Yellow 4 Dye in Aqueous Solution
Journal Of Chemical Society Of Nigeria, 2018
The uptake of Zn(II) ions and reactive yellow 4 (RY4) dye from aqueous solutions onto synthesized hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles was investigated under different experimental conditions such as contact time, initial pollutants concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature and solution pH, while the structural elucidation of the prepared adsorbent before and after adsorption was achieved using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Dispersed Spectroscopy (EDAX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). XRD results revealed the main characteristic peaks of single phase HAp powder, while the presence of PO43-, CO32-and OH- functional groups corresponding to pure HAp were exhibited in the FT-IR analysis. The SEM and TEM analyses confirmed the microscopic morphology of the synthesized apatites to be round shape apatite. The correlation factors R2 (0.992, 0.992, 0.992 and 0.976) for Zn(II) ions and (0.993, 0.990, 0.994...
Preparation of Porous Hydroxyapatite Using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide as Surfactant for the Removal of Lead Ions from Aquatic Solutions
Polymers, 2021
In the present study, a new low-cost bioceramic nanocomposite based on porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant was successfully obtained by a simple chemical co-precipitation. The composition and structure of the HAp-CTAB were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer, and N2 adsorption/desorption analysis. The capacity of HAp-CTAB nanocomposites to remove the lead ions from aqueous solutions was studied by adsorption batch experiments and proved by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The Pb2+ removal efficiency of HAp-CTAB biocomposite was also confirmed by non-destructive ultrasound studies. The cytotoxicity assays showed that the HAp-CTAB nanocomposites did not induce any significant morphological changes of HeLa cells after 24 h of incubation or other toxic ...
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.