Effect of Knitted Structure on the Properties of Knitted Fabric

Journal of Textile Science and Technology, 2018

This paper is focused on change in shrinkage, GSM, Wales per Inch and Course per Inch due to structure and count variation and state variation. This work was carried out with 12 samples of single jersey, single lacoste and weft lock knit fabrics of different counts which were scoured with NaOH. After pretreatment process the samples were tested for widthwise shrinkage, width, GSM, Wales per Inch and Course per Inch and compared between different states like grey state and finished state. The result obtained in this research indicated that physical properties like structures with tuck stitch possess higher value of widthwise shrinkage, width, GSM and Wales per Inch and Course per Inch value lowers prominently in those structures having float or miss stitches. In both cases i.e. grey state and RFD state values of those properties are high in coarser yarn and low in finer yarn. During project knitted fabrics specification along with machine specification and major factors which are necessary to calculate different types of variation and variables on which the whole fabric construction depends were managed to watch carefully. Main efforts were to develop a dependable way so that the resulting fabric specifications with required configuration can be easily visualized and be forecasted. A great emphasization was provided to the adjustable points on which fabric GSM, stitch length, fabric width and shrinkage percentage directly or indirectly depends.

Knit fabric manufacturing is a challenging job in order to keep buyers’ satisfaction intact with full quality line and other required comfort parameters. Knit fabric structure and design play a vital role on fabric quality level and in production criteria. Physical properties can be altered due to fabric structure and design as well as yarn diameter. Fiber composition of yarn is also a factor for particular fabric structure and design. In this study the influence of fabric structure and design was identified to get the result of any effect on fabric width, fabric thickness and fabric strength. In total twenty samples were developed in plain structure and its derivatives. In this study, the foremost goal was to observe the effect and influence of fabric structure and design on plain knitted fabric width, fabric weight and fabric strength. The highest fabric width was found in double lacoste structure and lowest fabric width was found in plain structure. Fabric structure composed with tuck stitches exhibited higher thickness of the fabric and highest fabric strength was observed in plain structure.

2012

In this paper, the unpredictable problem of shrinkage of cotton knitted fabrics and garments, faced by the industries were investigated by knitting weft knitted fabrics using 100% cotton yarn, chief valuable cotton (CVC) yarn, melange yarn, polyester-cotton (PC) yarn and 100% polyester yarn on Fukahama knitting machine. The aim of this work was to compare the spirality and shrinkage% of different weft knitted fabric structure. The experiment showed that percentage of spirality and shrinkage is higher for 100% cotton yarn and lower for 100% polyester yarn. It was also found that slub single jersey (S/J) fabric has higher spirality% in case of all types of yarn and terry single jersey gives higher shrinkage%, when produced from CVC yarn. On the other hand, cross tuck fabric gives lower spirality% in case of all types of yarn.

In this experiment dimensional and mechanical properties of single jersey, single lacoste and double pique fabrics were studied under five level of stitch length. An attempt has been made to investigate the impact of stitch length and knit constructions on the dimensional and mechanical properties of knitted fabrics. The three fabrics were manufactured from 28 Ne cotton yarn by varying the stitch length. It is found that the effect of stitch length and knit structure on the properties of knitted fabric is significant. Bursting strength of single lacoste fabric is higher than other fabrics whereas double pique fabrics shows lowest bursting strength. Pilling properties of the single lacoste fabrics shows the similar trend conversely single jersey fabric shows lower resistance to pilling. Higher shrinkage in width direction is evident in single jersey fabrics while double pique fabric depicts the higher lengthwise shrinkage. Maximum spirality percentage is found in single jersey fabric than other samples.

To investigate the effect of machine gauge on properties of weft knitted fabric, three V – bed knitting machines of different gauges were selected for fabric sample production. They were of gauge 7, 12, and 14. With these three machines, three 1 × 1 rib fabric samples were produced by using 20 / 2 (Ne) yarn. Keeping the same machine settings, 1 × 1 rib fabric samples were produced by using 32 / 2 (Ne) and 40 / 2 (Ne) yarns. The dimensional properties like course / cm, wales / cm, stitch density per square cm, and G.S.M. were measured from the samples. They were tabulated and presented by graphs to observe the effects. To analyze the effects, the stitch length of each fabric's samples was measured. It was found that the stitch length increases as the machine gauge decreases and vice-versa. As a result, all other properties like; course / cm, wales / cm, stitch density and G.S.M. also changes. It was concluded that the machine gauge affects the knit fabric properties and it has a specific trend.

The constructional properties of a weft knitted fabric depends on stitch length and yarn count. In this paper it is searched that whether yarn ply affects the properties of weft knitted fabric though knitted from yarns of same resultant count. For this fabric samples were knitted with pairs of single ply and double ply yarns with the same resultant count. Then the constructional properties like course / cm, wales / cm, stitch density, G.S.M. and spirality were measured. 10 data for each property from each sample were taken and averaged. From the averaged data graphs were constructed to make the comparison. From the graphs it is found that the properties (i.e. is course / cm, wales / cm, stitch density, G.S.M) is less in all of the sample knitted from double ply yarns than the fabric samples knitted from single ply yarns. Moreover though the fabric samples were made by the same settings of knitting machine but the stitch length is more in fabric samples knitted by double ply yarns. As the component yarns lose twist during doubling and twisting they become bulkier. For this stitches occupied more spaces in fabric made from double ply yarn. This lead to make the difference in constructional properties between fabric samples made from single ply yarns and double ply yarns of same resultant count. Limitations The single ply yarns used in this study were rotor yarns while the double ply yarns were combed yarns. Moreover, appropriate machine gauge could not be used for different yarn counts during knitting the samples. Introduction The constructional properties of a weft knitted fabric depend on yarn count and stitch length. If any of the parameter varies, the properties of knit fabric will vary. The purpose of this work was to compare the constructional properties of knit fabric produced by single ply yarn and double ply yarns with the same resultant count.

2020

This research studies the effect of increase percentage of Lycra yarns during loop formation on the geometrical, physical mechanical properties of plain jersey fabrics. Samples with 100% cotton yarns, Lycra yarns in alternating courses (half feeder) and Lycra yarn in every courses (full feeder) were produced on a circular knitting machine, the two later cases were produced at five different levels of Lycra extension. Thermal setting was carried out without any traverse tension during finishing thus evaluates the full effect of Lycra extension. Results show a sharp increase in the course density rather than the wales density. Fabric thickness and weight per unit area also increased and air permeability in the case of the half and full plating fabrics decreased considerably. The breaking load and extension also increased while the initial electricity modulus decreased with an increase in abrasion resistance in the case of full plating. A comparison between half and full feeder methods...

E3S Web of Conferences, 2021

Three kinds of knitted fabrics with high shape retention capacity equipment LONG-XING SM 252 (China) 12-grade flat needle loom were produced, their technological characteristics were compared, and graphical records were supplied in this article based on experimental samples of knitted rubber fabric. The developed variants of knitted fabric differ from each other in pattern type, report, shape retention feature and a number of other indicators. Physical and mechanical properties of the obtained samples were determined experimentally on modern equipment installed in the testing laboratory of the Namangan Institute of Engineering Technology.

2021

Single jersey unfinished cotton weft knitted (loop formation) fabrics tend to undergo a certain dimensional changes due to changeable yarn count (Ne) and variable stitch length on physical properties such as Shrinkage, Spirality, Bursting Strength, Pilling, GSM, (Gram per square meter). This study is founded on unfinished knit cloth where yarn counts recycled remained 24Ne, 28Ne, 30Ne for S/J. Single jersey unfinished cotton fabrics were produced with different count and with stitch length where it is found that for constant count, increase of the Stitch Length the GSM is decreased & for constant stitch length, increase of the count GSM is decreased. Used for constant stitch length, increase of the count the Bursting strength is decreased. Designed for constant count, by increase of stitch length the length wise shrinkage% is decreased & the fabric length is increased. Used for constant stitch length, by increase of the count the length wise shrinkage % is decreased & the fabric len...

The physical and mechanical properties of knitted fabric can be changed due to use of various count of yarn, type of yarn (ring, rotor, and compact), quality of yarn, stitch length / loop length, structural geometry, fiber composition of yarn etc. This study focused on the various stitch length effect of grey single jersey. With an increase in stitch length, the dimensional properties like CPI, WPI, GSM, thickness & tightness factor will be decreased for all the structures; while comfort properties like air permeability & water absorbency will be increased. Again shrinkage & spirality will be decreased with increased stitch length at grey stage. Other properties such as bursting strength, abrasion resistance & pilling resistance improved with increased stitch length. Though all the tests for fabric properties were carried out for grey stage, there properties can considerably vary after further finishing of the fabrics. As finishing is mandatory for fabric production, so now-a-days, these kinds of tests are carried out after finishing stage & proper controlling is done according to desired quality. Sometimes, controlling of some properties of finished fabrics are beyond our trial. In that case, analysis of fabric properties at grey stage can help us to take various control & corrective actions when necessary.