State of Art: Semantic Web

Open J. Web Technol., 2015

One major aim of the Semantic Web is to enable a machine-processable Web of data. Hence, the Semantic Web community regards it as extension of the traditional web. On the other hand, the applications of the Semantic Web rely deeply on web technologies in order to work in a distributed fashion, world-wide. The goal of this special issue is to bring together contributions from these communities to address the challenges in Semantic Web and Web technologies in cooperation. The papers included in this special issue demonstrate how new technologies of the Web and Semantic Web complement each other and provide more contributions to the area of web technologies. The semantic part of this special issue, which contains substantial theoretical and empirical contributions to Semantic Web, is published in Open Journal of Semantic Web (OJSW).

The World Academy of Research in Science and Engineering

The web is meant for human consumption rather than the machine consumption. At present scenario, everything on the web is machine readable, not machine understandable. The method for data handling in the traditional web (The Syntactic web) is tedious, time consuming, and also provides many unrelated information. The Syntactic web (Current Web) provides an interface for users to render HTML documents and retrieve linked documents with simple user interface commands. On the other hand, Semantic Web making the web more understandable by machines and provide accurate results. So Semantic Web is needed to express the information in a precise, machine interpretable form. This Web aims to convert the current web, which is dominated by unstructured and semi-structured documents into 'web of data'. In addition, Semantic web integrates the information in an intelligent way and providing semantic based access to the internet. Semantic is building an appropriate infrastructure for intelligent agents to run around the web performing complex action for their users extracting information from texts. Semantic web also provides automated information access based on Machineprocessable semantics of data and heuristics that use these metadata. This paper presents a comparative study of Syntactic and Semantic web technologies.

2016

Semantic web is an attempt to provide technology, standards, and methodologies to structure and describe the meaning of data on the web, and to make it easier to process by machines. Thus, allowing software to accomplish many of the tasks users must currently perform manually. The Semantic Web has attracted a diverse, but more important, community of researchers, institutes and companies, all sharing the belief that one day the Semantic Web will have a huge impact on our lives as the current web has. Therefore, there are a lot of work have been done in this area. This paper, gives an overview of Semantic Web and what have been done so far in the Semantic Web filed. Then, it highlights the current major challenges in this field.

Proceedings 2003 VLDB Conference, 2003

In our tutorial on Semantic Web (SW) technology, we explain the why, the various technology thrusts and the relationship to database technology. The motivation behind presenting this tutorial is discussed and the framework of the tutorial along with the various component technologies and research areas related to the Semantic Web is presented.

An evolving development of the World Wide Web (WWW) -The Semantic web (web3.0), is simply a web of data described and linked in ways to establish context or semantics that adhere to defined grammar and language constructs. The Semantic web may also be understood as the approach that develops languages for expressing information in a machine-understandable form. The Architecture of the World Wide Web (web2.0) is geared towards delivering information visually i.e. Internet filled with human readable information. In this paper firstly, we survey The Semantic web's architecture which is composed of various components such as URI, RDF, RDFS, OWL, SPARQL, TRUST and LOGIC in a layered form. These components thus make The Semantic web as the architecture of web geared towards exchanging information between applications.

2nd Int. Scientific Conf. on Computer Science, 2005

This paper introduces the vision behind the Semantic Web by using illustrative examples of how interaction with the future Web will be through the use of intelligent personal agents. Furthermore, the paper overviews the current Semantic Web technologies that will carry out this vision. Finally, the paper briefly presents the research on Semantic Web carried out at the Department of Informatics of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

2008

The Semantic Web aims to explicate the meaning of Web content by adding semantic annotations that describe the content and function of resources. Providing shareable annotations requires the use of ontologies that describe a common model of a domain. The Web Ontology Language OWL has been defined in order to support representation of ontologies, and their manipulation through the use of reasoning.

2007

ABSTRACT This chapter gives an overview of the evolution of the Web. Initially, Web pages were intended only for human consumption and were usually displayed on a Web browser. New Internet business models, such as B2B and B2C, required organizations to search for solutions to enable a deep interoperability and integration between their systems and applications.

To define what is the Semantic Web is very difficult as well as Web itself. “The Semantic Web is a mesh of information linked up in such a way as to be easily process able by machines, on a global scale.” “The Semantic Web approach develops languages for expressing information in a machine process able form. “Ontologies allow users to organize information into taxonomies of concepts. Each with their attributes, and describe relationships between concepts. More recently, the notion of ontology has also become widespread in fields such as intelligent information integration, cooperative information systems, information retrieval, electronic commerce and knowledge management.

Annals of Mathematics, …, 2003

The Semantic Web is a concept that enables better machine processing of information on the Web, by structuring documents written for the Web in such a way that they become understandable by machines. This can be used for creating more complex applications (intelligent browsers, more advanced Web agents), global databases with data from the Web, reuse of information, etc. Semantic modeling languages like the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and topic maps employ XML syntax to achieve this objective. New tools exploit cross domain vocabularies to automatically extract and relate the meta information in a new context. Web Ontology languages like DAML+OIL extend RDF with richer modeling primitives and provide a technological basis to enable the Semantic Web. In this paper we give a review of the basic ideas and principles of the Semantic wWeb, as well as tools used, and their comparison.

2007

Abstract The goal of Semantic Web research is to transform the Web from a linked document repository into a distributed knowledge base and application platform, thus allowing the vast range of available information and services to be more effectively exploited. As a first step in this transformation, languages such as OWL have been developed; these languages are designed to capture the knowledge that will enable applications to better understand Web accessible resources, and to use them more intelligently.

2011

Currently, computers are changing from single, isolated devices into entry points to a worldwide network of information exchange and business transactions called the World Wide Web (WWW). However, the success of the WWW has made it increasingly difficult to find, access, present and maintain the information required by a wide variety of users. In response to this problem, many new research initiatives and commercial enterprises have been set up to enrich the available information with machineprocess able semantics. This Semantic Web will provide intelligent access to heterogeneous, distributed information, enabling software products (agents) to mediate between user needs and the information sources available. In this paper we describe some areas for application of this new technology. We focus on on-going work in the fields of knowledge management and electronic commerce. We also take a perspective on the semantic web-enabled web services which will help to bring the semantic web to its full potential.

Semantics is seen as the key ingredient in the next phase of the Web infrastructure as well as the next generation of information systems applications. In this context, we review some of the reservations expressed about the viability of the Semantic Web. We respond to these by identifying a Semantic Technology that supports the key capabilities also needed to realize the Semantic Web vision, namely representing, acquiring and utilizing knowledge.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013

The Web has known a very fast evolution: going from the Web 1.0, known as Web of Documents where users are merely consumers of static information, to the more dynamic Web 2.0, known as social or collaborative Web where users produce and consume information simultaneously, and entering the more sophisticated Web 3.0, known as the Semantic Web by giving information a well-defined meaning so that it becomes more easily accessible by human users and automated processes. Fostering service intelligence and atomicity (the ability of autonomous services to interact automatically), remains one of the most upcoming challenges of the Semantic Web. This promotes the dawn of a new era: the Intelligent Web (Web 4.0), known as the Internet of Things (IoT), an extension of the Semantic Web where (physical/software) objects and services autonomously interact in a multimedia virtual environment, provided with embedded communication capabilities, common semantics and addressing schemes, promoting the concept of Digital Web Ecosystems where every where (human and software) agents collaborate, interact, compete, and evolve autonomously in order to automatically solve complex and dynamic problems. This paper briefly describes the recent evolution of the Web providing an overview of the technological breakthroughs contributing to this evolution, covering: knowledge bases and semantic data description, XML-based data representation and manipulation technologies (i.e., RDF, RDFS, OWL, and SPARQL) as well as the main challenges toward achieving the Intelligent Web: connectivity, semantic heterogeneity, collective knowledge management, collective intelligence, as well as data sustainability and evolution. We also present some of the main application domains characterizing the Intelligent (Semantic) Web, from information retrieval and content analysis, to systems status monitoring and improving business life-cycle through ubiquitous computing.

The web was designed as an information storage space, with the goal that it should be useful not only for human-human communication, but also that machine would be able to participate and help. The major obstacle to this has been the fact that most information on the web is designed for human consumption, and even if it was derived from a database, the structure of the data is not evident to a robot browsing the web. Leaving aside the problem of artificial intelligence of training machine to behave like people, the Semantic Web approach instead develops languages for expressing information in a machine readable form. This paper gives a road map of technology from the Web of today to a Web in which machine reasoning will be ubiquitous and powerful.