Green biomass – protein production through bio-refining

Environmental Development, 2015

The European Commission has set a long-term goal to develop a competitive, resource efficient and low carbon economy by 2050. Bioeconomy is expected to play an important role in the low carbon economy. This paper provides a review of the policy framework for developing a bioeconomy in the European Union covering energy and climate, agriculture and forestry, industry and research. The Europe has a number of well-established traditional bio-based industries, ranging from agriculture, food, feed, fibre and forestbased industries. This paper proposes an analysis of the current status of bioeconomy in the European Union and worldwide until 2020 and beyond. We estimate the current bio economy market at about € 2.4 billion, including agriculture, food and beverage, agroindustrial products, fisheries and aquaculture, forestry, wood-based industry, biochemical, enzymes, biopharmaceutical, biofuels and bioenergy, using about 2 billion tonnes and employing 22 million persons. New sectors are emerging, such as biomaterials and green chemistry. The transition toward a bioeconomy will rely on the advancement in technology of a range of processes, on the achievement of a breakthrough in terms of technical performances and cost effectiveness and will depend on the availability of sustainable biomass.

Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden, 2011

Events in recent decades have placed climate change at the top of the political agenda. In Sweden, energy-intensive industries are responsible for a large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions and their ability to switch to renewable energy sources could contribute to the transition to a decarbonised economy. This interdisciplinary study has its starting point in three energy-intensive industries' opportunities to take part in the development towards increased refining and use of biomass. The study includes the pulp and paper industry, the iron and steel industry and the oil refining industry, each exemplified by a case company. It can be concluded that there are several technological options in each industry. On the other hand, implementing one option for increased use of biomass in each case company could demand up to 34% of the estimated increase in Swedish biomass supply, in 2020. Additionally, in a longer time perspective none of the case companies believes that the amount of biomass in the Swedish industrial energy system have the possibility to increase significantly in the future.

2004

A Green Biorefinery is a concept to utilize green (grassland) biomass as raw material for the production of biobased products like proteins, lactic acids, fibres and energy (via biogas). The exploitation of grassland might have intriguing side effects like the conservation of cultural landscapes and the improvement of the "stay option" of farmers. Since 1999 comprehensive research starting from the raw material up to product formulation and development is carried out in Austria. However, in contrast to the centralized Biorefinery concepts in Europe, the Austrian Green Biorefinery focuses on a decentralized system based on grass-silage. Silage is rich in lactic acid and storage is organized decentralized. During the last years different green biomass and silage were analyzed. As a next step fractionation was carried out and trials for product separation took place. This work led to an integrated system elaboration of the Biorefinery concept. For economic assessment mass and energy balances were taken as the basis and a biogas plant has been considered as benchmark. 5,9,12 However, due to permanent adoption of the economic models only current trends of economic assessment are summarized in this paper. With lactic acid and amino acids (proteins) as key products from silage the results support the assumption that Biorefineries can be viable and sustainable development efforts in rural regions are supported in Austria. This paper provides a condensed overview on research results of the last four years.

This paper focuses on technologies which use thermochemical or biochemical processes to convert biomass into electricity.

Bioresource Technology, 2021

Growing concerns around the generation of biomass waste have triggered conversation around sustainable utilization of these seemingly waste materials as feedstock towards energy generation and production of chemicals and other value-added products. Thus, biotechniques such as utilization of microbes and enzymes derived thereof have become important avenues for green pretreatment and conversion of biomass wastes. Although the products of these bioconversions are greener at an overall level, their consumption and utilization still impact the environment. Hence it is important to understand the overall impact from cradle to grave through lifecycle assessment (LCA) techniques and find avenues of process optimization and better utilization of all the materials and products involved. Another factor to consider is overall cost optimization to make the process economically feasible, profitable and increase industrial adoption. This review brings forward these critical aspects to provide better understanding for the advancement of bioeconomy.

2010

Trakia Journal of Sciences

The European Commission presented the 2018 Bioeconomy strategy, which developed an action plan for a resource-efficient, competitive and sustainable economy. The bioeconomy sectors are also linked to the European Green Deal, Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition Communication, Farm to Folk Strategy and other innovation strategies. In the transition to a low carbon world, biomass plays a crucial role as an alternative to fossil resources. In the EU, agriculture is the main source of biomass with 68% of the total supply. The paper analyses European Union agricultural biomass potential, supply and use. Agricultural biomass is part of the core bioeconomy sectors and its demand is increasing. However, the potential of biomass and its alternative uses are a major concern. Biomass is a renewable but limited resource and, on that basis, it is important to outline the balance and to pay attention to the relationship between the nutritional and industrial needs of biomass in terms of foo...

Green Energy and Technology, 2020

Climate change, environmental impact and the limited natural resources urge scientific research and novel technical solutions. The monograph series Green Energy and Technology serves as a publishing platform for scientific and technological approaches to "green"-i.e. environmentally friendly and sustainable-technologies. While a focus lies on energy and power supply, it also covers "green" solutions in industrial engineering and engineering design. Green Energy and Technology addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants as well as decision makers in industries and politics. Hence, the level of presentation spans from instructional to highly technical.

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