Nigeria National Purpose Values Interests and Objectives

Crawford Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 2017

The deepened economic predicament that Nigeria has found itself should not be a surprise but the severity was unexpected. The saying, “who fail to plan will plan to fail” is apt to describe Nigeria economic scenario. Even though Nigeria policy makers actually planned on the paper but in truth, it has never been holistically implemented. Without rehearsing the wasted opportunities and lost years, the hard reality of lack of foresight which has made the country to depend on a mono-cultural economy is the result of economic disorientation. In the midst of these, the leadership is back again rehearsing diversification of the economy as if propaganda will do the turning around. In recent times, the virility, resourcefulness of the Nigerian Diaspora transnationally speaking, has been a saving grace to families and the nation by their contributions through remittances and direct developmental impact on their native origins. While this paper alludes to this peculiarity, the real focus is how to engage the Diaspora in repositioning the nation through their economic and cultural values in their host countries to put the country on the path of technological awakening and breakthrough as done by other Diaspora to their home countries. The methodology is qualitative, historical, and comparative; while reechoing that Nigeria needs the cultural and economic prowess of the Diaspora to resolve the current imposing enigma. Keywords: remittances, transnational, lost years, wasted opportunities, leadership, policy makers, host countries, home country.

AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology

This paper identified the ways in which Nigeria and her Information technology professionals can beneficially position themselves in the wake of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). The fourth industrial revolution refers to a range of new technologies that are fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, impacting all disciplines, economies and industries, and even challenging ideas about what it means to be human. The research identified that key driving forces for the fourth industrial revolution included disruptive technologies, Internet of Things, Robotics, Artificial intelligence, and Virtual Reality. Skills that would be sort after in this digital economic era include professionals who have expertise in artificial intelligence, cyber security, as well as proactive developers who can build dynamic systems to suit into the digital revolution. Nigeria as seen in the research missed out on the three previous industrial revolutions and is about to miss out on the fourth industrial revolution and the research proffers solutions on how to prevent this disaster from happening and the role IT educators need to play to ensure a smooth glide of the Nigerian economy into the fourth industrial revolution.

Crawford Journal of Business and Social Sciences Vol. II No. 2, September, 2012

In interrogating Nigeria’s political economy in the face of current hard economic realities, certain facts need be brought to national consciousness in order to address the impediments to autonomous self-reliant and people-focused development. Fundamentally, Nigerian state was incorporated into the capitalist-imperialist international trade long before her independence. In her relationship, her position was marginal and peripheral, as she could not influence trade or market forces, which imposed on her unequal exchange of her goods in the international market. In her bid to strengthen her comparative advantage as a major cash crop producer, and exporter, the discovery of the black gold abruptly put paid to all efforts in that direction, as the country started to export crude oil to the detriment of agricultural produce, which was the mainstay of the nation. The Nigerian situation became tragic, as the leadership (that managed this transitional period) completely missed golden opportunities to invest substantial part of the proceeds from oil to transform the economic base; develop a powerful industrial state; a robust, self-reliant agricultural sector and promote a technologically powerful oil industry. That is a country that is capable of controlling the down, mid and upper streams of oil production. Today, Nigeria is neither an oil producer nor an agricultural exporter, but a providential rent collector and importer of consumer and investment goods. The entire scenario is saddened by corruption which has virtually destroyed the country. This paper, interrogating on the structure of Nigerian economy from political economy perspective, employs qualitative methods drawing on historical cum institutional analysis and comparative approach. The paper posits that, for a veritable development to take place, there must be a paradigm shift from the present state of crude oil export dependence to the path of diversification, self-reliant agricultural production; full scale industrialization and a completely inward looking nation, to be backed by the Nigerian state, initiating an international forum to renegotiate African trade on the international scene; to address unequal exchange syndrome, in order to add value to the continent’s export goods in the world market. Keywords: political economy, industrialization, diversification, self-reliance, international trade, unequal exchange, dependency, colonization, corruption, leadership

Abuja Journal of Sociological Studies, 5:1, 119-151., 2018

ABSTRACT Nigeria is a richly endowed country with abundant human and natural resources. The country is blessed with a variety of mineral deposits including petroleum, natural gas, uranium, tin, columbite, coal, precious metals and gemstones. Over the last three decades, the country has earned over US$300 billion from oil sales (Imevbore, 2001). In spite of this wealth, the country’s economy has tended to fluctuate widely over the years. The average GDP growth was 1.2 percent between 1979 and 1989 and 2.7 percent between 1989 and 1999 (Imevbore, 2001). Inflation rate continued to increase with the purchasing power of the naira declining steadily over the years. It can also be seen that even though Nigeria is a major supplier of crude oil, about 2 million barrels per day, and an influential member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), it is still a big debtor nation. Despite substantial adjustments during the past decades, Nigeria’s industrial policy adopted since independence in 1960 was dominated by the goals and instruments of the 1970’s. The policy has been one emphasizing import substitution (IS) strategy, which was necessary and inevitable for Nigeria having regard to her colonial experience in the area of economics and trade. In the 80’s, it was felt that the strategy ought to have advanced to the stage of import displacement; that is producing locally made goods which are different from or at least only similar to former inputs, but which are based on locally available inputs and technology and on real needs (as distinct from imported consumption patterns) of the economy. Nigeria’s numerous surface-level challenges with industrialization are well documented. They include weak infrastructure, weak private sector, dumping of goods, effects of globalization, corruption, inadequate government support to industry, and so on. In particular, there is a widely held assumption that Nigeria’s challenges are consequences of its status as an oil-producing country and suffers from the ‘Dutch Disease’. Based on these assertions, this study tends to examine the Nigeria’s Industrial Policies, Sustainable development and the challenges of globalization. This study uses the Modernization theory as its theoretical framework, since the theory recognizes the process of Modernization within societies. Key words: Industrial Policies, Globalization, Sustainable Development, Economy, Modernization

International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Review, 2015

This study intends to unravel the copious challenges which hampered industrial growth in Africa and in deed Nigeria as a nation. Nigeria for instance, after independence in 1960, the main stay of her economy was Agriculture with little elements of textile and agro-allied industries until around late 1970's, these industries came to a state of comatose. One of the reasons for the distortion in the industrial development was the production of oil in commercial quantity. By implication, the discovery of oil made most African states like Nigeria to settle for an economy which relies mainly on primary mode of production instead of developing the hitherto existing local craftsmanship into modern industries. Also most consumers in Africa prefer foreign products to locally made goods due to inferiority complex. In the long-run most infant industries producing locally made products folded up due to inability to favorably compete with the western technologies. After a thorough review of relevant literature, the study adopted the dependency approach as theoretical framework that guides the paper. The main objective of the paper is to investigate in to the multiple problems that have accounted to the decline in the sector that led to industrial crisis. In an attempt to achieve the objective of this study, content analysis was used to articulate the views of notable scholars who have meaningful contributions on the subject matter. As to methodology, the paper made use of secondary data which include; pamphlets, magazines, books, journals, bulletins, newspapers, government publications and internet services. The study revealed that, the major challenge confronting industrial growth in most African countries and Nigeria in particular is lack of political will and focused leadership to break away from mono-cultural economy i.e. oil, with out diversification to allow industrial growth and development to flourish. Other setback include the followings; lack of access to micro credit facilities, epileptic power supply, weak market structure, general lack of trained manpower-technical know-how and security challenges. The attendant effects are that, there is no wealth creation, lack of job opportunities and high level of unemployment. Although in principles, Nigeria is regarded as the giant of Africa but in practice she is a consumer nation without potent industrial growth and development. One major recommendation in the study is that skill acquisition and rejuvenation of technical education by institutions of higher learning and technical colleges as well as diversification of the economy to entrenched in it industrial base and development is seriously advocated.

International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2016

The Industrialization of countries is in every way influenced by forerunner nations. This is exemplified in Western Europe's copying of Britain's technology and manufacturing systems. This work presents a study of the industrialization of nations such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and several other industrializing countries and the lessons learned revealed that the industrialization of these nations was based on initial imitative-reverse-engineering of products of forerunner nations which then leads to endogenous growth and the onset of innovation under certain constraints. This is a strategic form of import substitution and is in fact the model around which a plan for Nigeria's Industrialization has been built.

HUMANUS DISCOURSE, 2022

Nigeria’s national aim, objectives and core values have been valuable assets in her strategic history and culture since independence. Nations of the world pull these assets together for the overall preservation of the national interest and national security objectives. Nigeria has not been an exception in this regard in terms of the practice and execution of these values. However, this development has not provoked adequate scholarly debate or discussion, and the scrutiny of commentators and public policy analysts. Therefore, the practice of Nigeria’s institutionalisation of these assets as national strategic culture is the main basis and focus of this paper. The paper’s findings have revealed that Nigeria forged her national aim, objectives and core values effectively in the immediate post- independence era, but the changes and adjustments needed for their entrenchment internally and within a dynamic world system has left much to be desired. For, the efforts that Nigeria has made to take its pride of place in the world through this strategic culture have been hindered by corruption, extreme ethnic nationalism among public office holders, problems of leadership and good governance, and the lack of political will to galvanise resources for national cohesion. The methodology adopted for this paper is the multi-disciplinary approach, the adoption of secondary sources, critical social science analysis, and the theoretical perspectives of strategic history and culture in order to achieve the objectives of its focal point.

This paper seek to argue that the underlie maxim behind W1Y reform in any given social structure is to provide a sound collective framework that will lead to improvements in the social welfare of the aggregate people in the society. Thus, the role of the state as constituting the engine of growth and development of the country in this regard cwmot be overemphasized. States like social system is an entity made up of interconnected and interrelated parts. be it political, economic. cultural. family, educational etc, in which each part ajJect the other in some way and the system as a whole. It therefore follows that if the state must survive and be an active catalyst in driving development, its various parts must have some degree of fit or compatibility on the basis of value consensus, where every members of society agree on certain definable ethos of individual liberty. freedom, d,iscipline, probity. accountability etc enshrined in the various parts of the social structure of the society to shape and guide our collective behaViours, attitude and motivation. The paper further emphasizes that development that is sustainable 'can only arise when there is a revolutionary change in the institutions of society and economy that brings about change in attitudes and behaviours of the state in promoting and protecting the public good and not one bent on regulating the status-quo. The paper finally concludes on the premise that for development to thrive. a nation must be driven by a philosophy of internalized, pragmatic collective values that is highllj supportive of hard-work and enterprise and a developmental state that is manned by a highly skilled technocratic bureaucracy and a close ''-(;ooperation between meyor economic groupings such as agriculture, business and labour. and not values that reflect goals and aspirations fomlUlated by the governing class for society at large,