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2013, Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting
The rule of thumb for any business decision is, the higher the risk, the higher the return is and vice versa. Business risk is defined as risk arises out of uncertainty of future events. If these events are undesirable or unfavorable for business, damages and losses may happen. Risk arises because it is impossible to forecast risk in advance whether and to what extent a loss will occur. The importance elements in risk-taking are the hope of success and the fear of failure. That is why it is said that risk is a no-win game. For financial institutions, whether it is conventional bank or Islamic bank, making a right decision to finance is often a difficult task to do and crucial as well. A through and strict risk appraisal of the business must be performed and if they are uncomfortable in taking a certain business risk, normally they will then insist on certain terms and conditions with protection in the form of security and guarantees to overcome the risk identified. The objectives of this research is to understand the various types of business risks attached to different businesses as well as to acknowledge that business risk can be mitigated as well through various methods.
The article clarifies the essence and nature of business risk and its manifestation in the banking sector. Discussed the main approaches for effective management in commercial banks.
Hazine Dergisi, 1997
Bankacılıkta karşılaşılan risklerin yakın gelecekte daha da artacağı konusunda genel bir fikir birliği oluşmuş durumdadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bankaların uyguladıkları risk yönetimi tekniklerini geliştirmeleri konusundaki itici gücün ne olduğu, kurumların yakın gelecekte karşılaşması olası yeni riklerin, risk yönetimi sorunlarının ve çözüm yollarının neler olabileceğini ortaya koymaktır. There is a general consensus that the risks in banking will increase even further in the near future. The aim of this study is to determine what is the driving force behind banks' development of risk management techniques, possible risks that institutions may face in the near future, risk management issues and solutions.
2014
In banking activities, for example, the risk may occur in credit operations, when the bank might not be able to recover its credits in due time or in accordance with the conditions laid down in loan contracts. Also, for a depositor of the bank, the risk may be associated with the possibility of no benefit-when and how he/she wants, from the money resources-deposited to the bank. In this case, the risk can be other interest rate apart from the originally anticipated one, the unfavourable evolution of the currency corresponding to the deposit account or even financial difficulties of the bank. Similar situations of financial risk may occur in different situations related to insurance, leasing, stock etc.
Malia, 2023
The purpose of this research is to understand the methods and strategies employed by Bank Syariah Indonesia to mitigate and minimize banking risks, particularly financing risks, in its business operations. This study utilizes a literature review methodology, collecting references from previous research and examining various journals to review the banking risk mitigation strategies. Bank Syariah Indonesia is a financial institution and a subsidiary of a state-owned enterprise (BUMN) that operates based on Sharia principles. In the course of its business activities, the bank faces potential risks. Therefore, Bank Syariah Indonesia must be able to mitigate the occurrence of risks, especially in financing products. To mitigate risks, Bank Syariah Indonesia implements strategies such as evaluating prospective customers using the 7 P approach and assessing their financial capabilities through the Debt Service Ratio (DSR) and Debt Burden Ratio (DBR).
Academia Letters, 2021
Over a couple of years, major securities firms, money centres banks and other commercial and savings banks nationwide have undertaken financial involvement engaging risks they did not fully understand and master, later generating in major losses and unexpected write offs. As a result, senior managers in these firms are looking for new ways to identify, evaluate and predict changes in financial risks to reduce the likelihood of similar outcomes. Thus, Financial risk management appears as a crucial tool to mitigating these major losses and unexpected write offs. There is a tremendous value in qualitative, as well as a quantitative approach to risk management. Risk management cannot be reduced to a simple checklist or mechanistic process (Karen A. Horcher, 2005). In risk management, the ability to question and contemplate different outcomes is a distinct advantage that merit to be scrutinized. Understanding Financial risk management as a whole implies to discuss what is all about, identifying major financial risks appearances , measuring financial risks as well as examining their related challenges are relevant points of the issue. Furthermore, we will extend our reflection on the various relationships that financial risk management could have with the financial industry ; financial markets; financial crisis. In the view of mitigating financial risks, an insightful examination is required in the angle of risk management framework: policy and hedging. A better contribution to strengthen the efforts to mitigating financial risks in its various components is indispensable. In this extent, related financial risks perspectives and recommendations will be discussed in this work before providing an overall conclusion of our essay.
Journal of Economics and Business, 2020
The Journal of Economics and Business is an Open Access publication. It may be read, copied, and distributed free of charge according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Risk is the fundamental element that drives financial behaviour. Without risk, the financial system would be vastly simplified. However, risk is omnipresent in the real world. Financial Institutions, therefore, should manage the risk efficiently to survive in this highly uncertain world. The future of banking will undoubtedly rest on risk management dynamics. Only those banks that have efficient risk management system will survive in the market in the long run. The effective management of credit risk is a critical component of comprehensive risk management essential for long-term success of a banking institution.
The present study discussed and analyzed a number of issues concerning the operational risk faced by Islamic Financial Services, for example concepts of operational risks, risk management approaches and risk mitigation techniques and standards as these exist in the financial industry, unique operational risks of the Islamic Financial Services industry and the perceptions of Islamic Financial Services about these risks, regulatory concerns with respect to operational risks and their management, and Shari'ah related challenges concerning risk management has been identified and discussed.
Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah, 2019
The purpose of this article is to analyze business risk in Islamic banking financing in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from Sharia Banking Statistics (SBS). The conclusions of this article are ten business risks that must be managed by Islamic banks in carrying out their functions, namely financing risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, legal risk, reputation risk, strategic risk, compliance risk, yield risk, yield risk, and investment risk. Four business risks affect the profitability of Sharia Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia, namely financing risk as measured by NPF, the rupiah exchange rate measures market risk against the USD and inflation, return NCD measures risk on total deposits and investment risk measured by the percentage potential loss profit-sharing financing for mudharabah and musyarakah investment portfolios.
2017
Information about how to manage financial risk are made available because of the desire to show the stability and proper monitoring of the risks in order to fulfill the given economic tasks, which has a direct impact on the economic effects (financial result). Therefore the aim of article is classifies financial risk and main strategic components to manage it in order to maintain stable economic conditions.
Düzce Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2021
Aim: Risk assessment is one of the important processes of risk management. This study aims to show how the financial risks encountered in hospitals are evaluated according to the risk management approach. Material and Methods: We used risk assessment tables for identifying the financial activities of healthcare organizations, L-type decision matrix for risk assessment, and financial risk ratio methods for enterprise performance indication. In compliance with the enterprise risk management guidelines, we collected qualitative data through an interview with the risk manager of a hospital and quantitative data was created and adapted by the authors. Results: According to the study sample, among the risks identified in the procurement process, the risk score of the risk 1 is 3, the risk score of the risk 3 is 4, and the risk score of risk number 4 is 2 points, and was found to be acceptable. The risk score for risk 2 is 10 points and was found to be remarkable. The financial risk ratio ...
Proceedings of the 3rd Global Conference On Business, Management, and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2018), 2020
finance the external process because Indonesia is using banking system [3]. The company debt will possibly make them facing financial distress. In other words, real factors are fragile against the performance of the banking industry. The high dependence of Indonesia citizens towards banking services in Indonesia is reaching 77.9%. Compared to the other financial institutions, rural banks is 1.3%, Insurance Company is 10.8%, Pension Fund is 2.8%, Corporate Financing is 6.8% and the other non-bank institutions is (0.9%) [4]. Based on the fact, people in Indonesia still prefer to banking sector rather than the other capital market activity. Accordingly, the banking industry is required having good corporate governance to keep the credibility that supports to economic stability. In response to the trustworthiness from society in Indonesia, 80%-90% fund that bank has compiled are from third party fund. The source of bank funding is from third party fund obtained through banking products such as from saving deposit, demand deposit and time deposit. In 2013, the percentage amount of third party fund is 89.62%, dominated by demand deposit and time deposit [6]. The higher reliance from banking customers on third party fund proportion would increase the risks for bank management to carry out the social fund. To keep the society trustworthiness, a prudent principle must be implemented in the banking industry because it relates to the business sustainability. The banking industry in Indonesia has grown significantly, characterized by a number of banks and banking offices. The growing industry in banking sectors in Indonesia was an impact of Package of Bank Indonesia Deregulation on October 27, 1988 which is known as Pakto 88 [7]. The aims of the reforms were to inject a greater level of competition into banking sector and to increase credit availability throughout the country [8]. Pakto 88 had triggered the banking liberalization in Indonesia. Banking liberalization eased the restriction of bank establishment, consequently a year after this term applied, the number of banks and offices were growing significantly. The high level of rapid competition in banking industry would lead the banks to take an excessive risk because of the difficulty to predict the phenomenon in a rapid competition [9]. Bank is a financial institution that manages money to be the main object of its operations. Because of that, bank has Abstract-Banks have important role on the economy of Indonesia. With a fully regulated principle, Banking Sectors in Indonesia concern to keep in a good performance according to Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 13 / 1 / PBI / 2011 which emphasize on risk-based approach. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the factors affecting commercial banks business risk listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Those factors consist of risk profile (credit risk, liquidity risk, and interest rate risk), good corporate governance, earnings, and capital. The samples used in this research are 26 commercial banks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during research period since 2011 to 2013. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis. The result of the findings shows that credit risk has effect against business risk, while liquidity risk does not have effect against it. The rate of interest risk has effect against business risk. Good corporate governance does not have effect against business risk. Earnings have significant effect against business risk. Capital does not have effect against business risk. Hence, the implication of the research is that commercial banks business risk is affected by three factors of risk-based bank rating (credit risk, interest rate risk, and earnings).
2022
As Islamic financial transaction has to embedded in real economic activity of the system while time values and economic value has to go hand in hand they have to be integrated together. The purpose of the study is how Islamic banking and financial sector understands its risk management concepts theoretically and implements practically on its financial instruments to compete and safeguard its instruments as comparison with its counterpart.
VUZF Review, 2022
This study highlights the identification of risks and sources of their occurrence depending on the business areas of the bank's activity. The analysis of financial risks is focused on the description of risks indicators of the business model of a bank, which is the object of the study, and is done by using economic and statistical methods. The study suggests to divide financial risks into significant, specific, corrective. It was noted that the proportions of risks are taken by the bank form a risk landscape. Based on a review of annual reports of the analyzed bank, the sources of potential losses for significant risks were identified. It is discovered that common sources of losses are methodological, organizational and managerial. Based on the analysis of the risk profile, it was determined that the market risk has a significant impact (31.27%), that is untypical and new for domestic banks. The classification of types of market risk according to the European experience is proposed. The structure and analysis of the "heat" risk map of the bank's business model show that credit risk has the most significant impact in the segment of corporate and private business. It is concluded that under the conditions of acceptance by the bank of significant risks, that is reflected on the amount of the required economic capital, the transition is needed from traditional profit-oriented risk management to risk-oriented one. Such approach will contribute to the reduction of potential financial expenses and increase the bank's soundness.
International Business Research, 2013
Any banking activity involves a certain level of risk. Regardless of the fact that risk has always been present in banks, active risk management in conventional banking started only in the 1990s, specially after the collapse of Barings PLC, the bank with more than 200-year-old tradition, while such practice is still underdeveloped in Islamic (interest-free) banking whose practical implementation in the world started only in the 1970s. However, in the times of the recent sub-prime mortgage crisis and a large number of collapses and near collapses, multibillion losses and write-offs all banks, whether conventional or Islamic, saw the necessity for active risk management. Specific features of banks in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their way of managing risks are conditioned by a particular legal framework. This framework regulates primarily the conventional banks, but it indirectly affects the Islamic bank as well, since it does not allow the bank to offer all types of products and services which are generally present in Islamic banking. Since, to our knowledge, not a single specific comparative research into conventional and Islamic banks has been done in this part of the world, the aim of this paper is to provide an insight into risk management practiced by BiH banks, and to determine the dependence of their financial performance on the process of active risk management.
2013
Identifying operational risk in Islamic banks is a challenging task due to various components it entails. An analysis of operational risk management, therefore, should not be considered as disjointed tasks. On the contrary, it should be viewed as a structured process in which operational risk hazards, events, and losses are integrated in such a manner that will help management of an Islamic bank develop a classification based on a root cause analysis. Thus, by linking causation to relevant business activities, the structure could then be used as a foundation for an effective operational risk management. This is the first main issue which is theoretically addressed by this paper. The subsequent main issue elucidated in the paper is the various dimensions of operational risk in major Islamic financial contracts and the mitigation methods in operational risk.
2020
The credit is a set of resources lent by a bank or financial institution to an economic agent who undertakes to pay interest and repay the loan capital 1 . The concept of interest loans existed before the creation of the currency, that is, before the 6th century BC 2 . The credit assessment is presented in four different civilizations: Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Romans &Arab civilization. Bank credit consists of three key elements: trust, risk and time. The appropriations are divided into several types according to two criteria: the duration of the credit and the purpose of the credit 3 . A bank risk is a risk to which a bank is exposed in a banking business. Credit risk is one of the largest and most dangerous risks to which a bank is exposed. Credit risk is defined as the probability that a debtor is unable to repay a debt issued by a financial institution 4 . Bank of Beirut is the case of ourstudy, it is a Lebanese financial institution founded in 1963 and has 77 branches in Le...
International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies, 2019
Risk management plays a major role in the success and survival of various financial institutions around the world. Islamic Financial institutions not being the exception, on the contrary, given the authenticity of their modus operandi and the nature of their financial products, are obliged to use more credible and rigorous risk management systems. A thorough review of the Islamic economy literature based on books, research articles, monographs and reports, was conducted to prepare this study. The main objective is to define and explain the risk management tools (Urboun, Hamish al-Jiddiyah, Khiyarat, Rahn, etc.) used by Islamic financial institutions in financing instruments (Mourabaha, Ijarah, Salam, etc.), in order to unveil their nature and specificity. Which enabled the creation of a summary table presenting the Risk management tools, the products in which they are used and the risks for which they are used.
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