Targeted Nano-Drug Delivery System to Colon Cancer

2020

From the past decade, researchers have seen the potential application of nanotechnology in the field of cancer-targeted drug delivery. Nanoparticle-based chemical moieties such as polymeric based nanoparticles, dendrimers, polymersomes, liposomes, nano micelles, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), etc. Due to their exclusive properties such as tunable surface chemistry, ability to penetrate cells, stimuli-sensitization they could be designed as per the targeted tissue or cells of the tumor. This review provides an insight into the development of nanomedicine with the help of different nanocarriers for cancer/tumor-targeted drug delivery. But apart from having desired flexibility in the development of nanocarrier based drug compound, it has some drawbacks/challenges. The review will also discuss

Journal of Composites and Compounds, 2023

For a while now, the development of research and technology has provided us with different approaches which show how cancer works and how is it possible to develop different methods of treatment. Nanotechnology and nano-carriers have shown a promising approach toward the treatment of different types of cancer. Nano-carriers based targeted drug delivery have different forms such as lipid-based, polymeric-based, inorganic-based, and hybrid-based, each of them is unique in structure, size, “function and” ability to deliver the drugs. Therapeutic substances can be used with the help of the applied modifications to the nano-carriers. These particles have shown significant benefits such as effectiveness, safety, low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the improved quality of the treatment. The therapeutic properties of the nano-carriers can be regulated. This can help to provide an effective treatment for a patient with a specific diagnosed disease. The treatments can be administered either orally, intravenously or by combined route. The overall results of the use of nano-carriers have certainly created an interesting approach and created an opportunity for new treatments that improve the patient’s profile.

2020

Nanoparticles in the drugs are useful for the treatment of cancer due to their unique properties and can act as drug carriers in different ways. Unlike the traditional chemotherapy, the entrance of nanotechnology enabled wide applications in treatment of cancer. Although nanoparticles provides safe and effective drug delivery systems but the factor of toxicity still limits the utilisation of several nanoparticles. The properties of nanodrug carriers are controllable by various factors. The use of nanoparticles in cancer therapy by drug delivery and their advantages as been reviewed.

International Journal of Nanomedicine

Nanotechnology has been actively integrated as drug carriers over the last few years to treat various cancers. The main hurdle in the clinical management of cancer is the development of multidrug resistance against chemotherapeutic agents. To overcome the limitations of chemotherapy, the researchers have been developing technological advances for significant progress in the oncotherapy by enabling the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents at increased drug content levels to the targeted spots. Several nano-drug delivery systems designed for tumor-targeting are evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials and showed promising outcomes in cancerous tumors' clinical management. This review describes nanocarrier's importance in managing different types of cancers and emphasizing nanocarriers for drug delivery and cancer nanotherapeutics. It also highlights the recent advances in nanocarriers-based delivery systems, including polymeric nanocarriers, micelles, nanotubes, dendrimers, magnetic nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and quantum dots (QDs). The nanocarrier-based composites are discussed in terms of their structure, characteristics, and therapeutic applications in oncology. To conclude, the challenges and future exploration opportunities of nanocarriers in chemotherapeutics are also presented.

International journal of oncology, 2010

The purpose of this work was to assess synergistic inhibitory responses of a novel chemopreventive combination regimen of drugs namely, aspirin in combination with calcium and folic acid on two human colon cancer cell lines, HT-29 and SW-480. Subsequently, based on positive responses, nanotechnology-based formulations were developed for the targeted delivery of these combinatorial regimens to the colon for the chemoprevention of colon cancer. Additionally, conventional drug formulations using controlled release polymers chitosan, pectin and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were tested for release of the drugs, for comparison purposes. Chemopreventive combination regimens demonstrated significant synergistic efficacy in both cell lines from XTT assay studies, when compared to the effects of individual agents. Approximately 45% decrease in cell viability for aspirin (15 mM) and calcium (30 mM) mixtures was observed in HT-29 cell lines, compared to approximately 55% decrease by the...

2017

Cancer has been growing nowadays consequently high number of death ascertained worldwide. The medical intervention involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical removal. This conventional technique lacking targeting potential and harm the normal cells. In drug treatment regimen, the combination therapy is preferred than single drug treatment module due to higher internalization of chemotherapeutics in the cancer cells both by enhance permeation retention effect and by direct cell apoptosis. The cancer therapeutics involves different methodologies of delivering active moiety to the target site. The active and passive transport mode of chemotherapeutic targeting utilizes advance nanocarriers. The nanotechnological strategic treatment applying advance nanocarrier greatly helps in mitigating the cancer prevalence. The nanocarrier-incorporating nanodrug directed for specific area appealed scientist across the globe and issues to be addressed in this regard. Therefore, various techniques and approaches invented to meet the objectives. With the advances in nanomedicine and drug delivery, this review briefly focused on various modes of nanodrug delivery including nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimer, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles, nanolipid carrier (NLC), gold nanoshell, nanosize cantilevers and nanowire that looks promising and generates a novel horizon in cancer therapeutics.

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2021

The present review work tries to explore the present status of the nano carriers in the delivery of anti cancer drugs. The shortcomings associated with the anticancer drugs like poor solubility, multiple resistance and less bioavailability is been investigating using different nano formulations. The recent advance work on nanoparticles for the delivery of anti tumor drugs is focused along with the different patents available. The different technologies available in the present scenario for the delivery of anti-cancers drugs are being highlightened.

International Journal of Nanomedicine

Nanotechnology has recently gained increased attention for its capability to effectively diagnose and treat various tumors. Nanocarriers have been used to circumvent the problems associated with conventional antitumor drug delivery systems, including their nonspecificity, severe side effects, burst release and damaging the normal cells. Nanocarriers improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency of antitumor drugs, while providing preferential accumulation at the target site. A number of nanocarriers have been developed; however, only a few of them are clinically approved for the delivery of antitumor drugs for their intended actions at the targeted sites. The present review is divided into three main parts: first part presents introduction of various nanocarriers and their relevance in the delivery of anticancer drugs, second part encompasses targeting mechanisms and surface functionalization on nanocarriers and third part covers the description of selected tumors, including breast, lungs, colorectal and pancreatic tumors, and applications of relative nanocarriers in these tumors. This review increases the understanding of tumor treatment with the promising use of nanotechnology.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2008

Hyaluronic acid (HA) coupled chitosan nanoparticles (HACTNP) bearing 5-flurouracil (5FU) were prepared, by ionotropic gelation method, for the effective delivery of drug to the colon tumors. HACTNP appeared to be spherical in shape and mean size was found to be around 150 ± 3.4 nm with low polydispersity index. The in vitro drug release was investigated using USP dissolution test (paddle type) apparatus in different simulated GIT fluids. The biocompatibility of NPs formulations were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity by MTT assay using HT-29 cell lines and cell uptake was assessed by fluorescent microscopy. Cellular uptake of HACTNP was determined by incorporating calcein as a fluorescent marker. The cellular uptake of fluorescent HACTNP was clearly evidenced by fluorescence microscopy. HACTNP nanoparticles showed significant higher uptake by cancer cells as compared to uncoupled nanoparticles and the uptake of HA coupled CTNPs by HT-29 colon cancer cells were observed to be 7.9 times more as compared to uncoupled CTNPs at the end of 4 h. The cytotoxicity of 5FU incorporated in HACTNP was higher compared to the conventional 5FU solution, even at the lower concentrations. 5FU in HACTNP was about 2.60-folds more effective than free 5FU on HT-29 cells.

Intense research has led to a more comprehensive understanding of cancer at the genetic, molecular and cellular levels providing a possibility for methods of increasing antitumor efficiency of drugs while reducing systemic side effects. Nanoparticles and their use in drug delivery is a far more effective antitumor method conventional chemotherapy, which is typically limited by the toxicity of drugs to normal tissues, short circulation half in plasma, limited aqueous solubility, and non restricting therapeutic efficacy. The use of conventional chemotherapy is hampered due to obstacles such as poor specificity, side effects, drug resistance and poor stability of chemotherapeutic compounds. These obstacles may be partially overcome by encapsulating them as Solid lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). Measures of anti-carcinogenic potential of the nano-engineered formulations were investigated using cultured carcinoma cells. Evaluation of anti potential by Annexin-V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay following 48 h treatment with SLN and native drugs delineated sign differences, establishing better potential efficacy of nano engineered drugs.