Technologies for Web and cloud service interaction: a survey

2013 IEEE Sixth International Conference on Cloud Computing, 2013

We describe a resource-based architecture to quickly and easily build communicating web applications. Resources are structured and hierarchical data stored in the server but accessed by the endpoint via the application logic running in the browser. The architecture enables deployments that are fully cloud based, fully on-premise or hybrid of the two. Unlike a single web application controlling the user's social data, this model allows any application to access the authenticated user's resources promoting application mash-ups. For example, user contacts are created by one application but used by another based on the permission from the user instead of the first application. We present aRtisy, a platform to further simplify web application development by using pre-built communication widgets for common use cases such as phone call, conferencing, call distribution and video publish or play. The architecture extends beyond web to native applications and reduces the barrier between web and non-web applications for communication. Our resource access protocol acts as a generic signaling mechanism for the emerging WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communications). We have implemented several applications completely in HTML5 running in the browser using this resource-based architecture.

Information Sciences, 2014

A cloud does not have infinite computational and storage resources in its infrastructure. If it saturates, it will not be able to satisfy new requests for service allocations sent by its customers. Clouds should interrelate through networking protocols in order to provide scalability, efficiency and flexibility by using the services and the computational and storage resources of the infrastructures of other clouds. In this paper we describe an architecture and protocol that allows exchanging information, data, services, computing and storage resources between all interconnected clouds. It is highly scalable and permits to add new clouds easily, while tries to balance the load of the nodes involved in the intercloud communication. Our protocol design includes node discovery, authentication and fault tolerance. We show the protocol operation and provide the performance results in a controlled test bench. A comparison of our architecture and protocol with other published intercloud architecture proposals shows the benefits of implementing this new architecture in the real world.

Cloud communications and cloud-based computing (here referring to the different types of services and applications being delivered in the internet cloud, and the fact that, in many cases, the devices used to access these services and applications do not require any special applications) are seemingly on a steep growth curve. With the need to reduce costs, the explosion of communications capabilities, and the increasing demand for mobile access to services, the service delivery move to the cloud enables faster growth and improved management and scalability. Cloud provides data independency and remote desktop applications. In the paper Infrastructure as a service (IAAS), Software as a Service (SAAS) and implementing the new concept of Communication as a Service (CAAS) in the cloud is explained. Paper contains the concept of client server architecture where the database of the client is stored on the server and the client would get the available software as a service. At the client sid...

2014

Basic principle of economics, reiterates the increase in demand of a product with low supply increases price. Likewise the growing demand of mobile clients is not being met by the communications industry, hence Operational Expenses (OPEX) is high. Web 2.0 brought about significant flexibility in the web services interoperability and standardized communication protocols. The open source nature of most of the web service APIs used over the Web has made it easier to build simple to sophisticated Mobile applications for Business-to-Business (B2B), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) and an integration of the both. More so virtualization has not only spearheaded cloud computing paradigms but also facilitated novel virtual technologies especially in Communication. This paper seeks to explore various Web Services (WSs) and Virtualization Technologies used to achieve Communication as a Service (CaaS). Also a proposed hybrid solution to be adopted in the Cloud has been described briefly.

arXiv (Cornell University), 2022

With a large variety of communication methods and protocols, many software architects face the problem of choosing the best way for services to share information. For communication technology to be functional and practical, it should enable developers to define a complete set of CRUD methods for the processed data. The research team compared the most commonly used data transfer protocols and concepts in this paper: REST, WebSocket, gRPC GraphQL and SOAP. To do that, a set of web servers was implemented in Python, each using one of the examined technologies. Then, the team performed an automated benchmark measuring time and data transfer overhead for a set of defined operations: creating an entity, retrieving a list of 100 entities and fetching details of one entity. Tests were designed to avoid the results being interfered by database connection or docker-compose environment characteristics. The research team has concluded that gRPC was the most efficient and reliable data transfer method. On the other hand, GraphQL turned out to be the slowest communication method of all. Moreover, its server and client libraries caused the most problems with proper usage in a web server. SOAP did not participate in benchmarking due to limited compatibility with Python and a lack of popularity in modern web solutions.

… , 2008. eScience'08. …, 2008

As web services gain acceptance in the e-Science community, some of their shortcomings have begun to appear. A significant challenge is to find reliable and efficient methods to transfer large data between web services. This paper describes the problem of scalable data transport between web services, and proposes a solution: the development of a modular Server/Client library that uses SOAP as a control channel while the actual data transport is accomplished by various protocol implementation, as well as a simple API that developers can use for data-intensive applications. Apart from file transport, the proposed approach offers the facility of direct data streaming between web services, an approach that could benefit workflow execution time by creating a data pipeline between web services. Finally, the performance and usability of this library is evaluated, under the indexing application that the Adaptive Information Disclosure Application (AIDA) Toolkit offers as a Web Service.

2017

Cloud computing has emerged as a solution for large-scale online service applications that require intense processing, storage and networking capabilities. Cross-cloud communication framework (C3F) was proposed to enable intercommunication among clouds in order to share computing resources. For testing of C3F requires simulation of multiple clouds simultaneously. Although, many cloud simulators are available but multiple cloud simulation under different policies and administrations is not supported. This paper discusses the development of CloudWeb that is a web-based prototype for simulation of multiple clouds concurrently. CloudWeb is developed using open source technologies. Index Term Cloud Computing, Cloud Simulation, Cloud Network, Cloud Communication, Web Services.

Journal of International Technology and Information Management, 2019

The lack of a descriptive language and security guidelines poses a big challenge to implementing security in Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture. There is over reliance on Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS), which in recent times has proven to be fallible. Some recent attacks against SSL/TLS include: POODLE, BREACH, CRIME, BEAST, FREAK etc. A secure messaging protocol is implemented in this work. The protocol is further compiled into a reusable library which can be called by other REST services. The library can be reused by .NET applications and the implementation steps can also be followed by other REST services developers using other platforms.

2012

Cloud Interoperability has been a core issue pertaining Intercloud and Cloud Federation. Several vendor-based proprietary solutions and open-source middleware are present for the resolution; however, these solutions are highly coupled to particular cloud environments. For heterogeneous clouds to exist in an interoperable environment, the need of a vendor-independent, secure and reliable message exchange middleware is critical. In this paper, considering general cloud architecture, we are presenting a Publish-Subscribe based middleware for Intercloud Message Exchange. Intercloud Message Exchange is an implementation of Data Distribution Service (DDS). DDS's reliable pub-sub messaging in conjunction with our devised Information Model can be a novel candidate for messaging domain of Intercloud Interoperability Standards. This Information Model also hosts an OWL based Cloud Resource Description Ontology, utilized by cloud environments for resource cataloguing and possible matchmaking prior to workload migration between heterogeneous clouds.

2011 IEEE World Congress on Services, 2011

Cloud computing is impacting the modern Internet computing and businesses in every aspect. One feature of clouds is the convenience of using the services offered by the cloud. Consequently, most cloud service providers use WS for users and developers to interface with the cloud. However, the current cloud WS are focused into core and fundamental modern computing functionalities. We anticipate as cloud developments tools mature and cloud applications become more popular, there will be an opportunity for designing and implementing applications/services to be embedded in the cloud for use by applications in the cloud. We propose a framework for WS deployment in the cloud to be usable by applications residing in the same cloud. The framework capitalizes on the cloud strong points to offer a higher value to the service consumer inside the cloud. The authoritative nature of clouds would enable more efficient models for WS publishing, indexing and description. Moreover, being hosted in the cloud, WS can build on the high scalability offered by the cloud with a much higher reliability. Finally, scheduling the instances using the WS in bundle with the WS instances could offer a LAN-like connectivity performance driving down the latency to the magnitude of lower microseconds. In this paper, we highlight the challenges and opportunities of cloud applications using cloud embedded Web services. We give a description of the different aspects by illustrating the different components, together with an end-to-end use case to show the applicability of the proposed system.