An analysis of intersection traffic signal warrants

IRJET, 2023

This study focuses on quantifying the congestion at intersection. For obtained congestion this study updates the signal timing in order to exalt the intersection capacity, abate delays and enhance comprehensive efficiency of traffic. As signal coordination is the most effective method to pass maximum number of vehicles from any route. The previous signal coordination was done by thumb rule or theoretical manner. For more realistic performance of traffic signals microscopic, time and behavior-based software should be used to coordinate the signals.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Frequent evaluations are required to upgrade mobility and safety at intersections. This thus paper proposes a typical scenario to identify suitable controls for installing appropriate traffic signals. Five individual intersections were studied within the Babylon province, of Iraq, and graphical methods were used to identify suitable controls. Three graphs were adopted based on recommendations from the Institute of Highway Transportation (IHT), Department of Transportation (DoT) and the Iraqi Highway Design Manual (SORB). In addition, warrants for traffic signal installation according to the Manual Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) regulations were checked with HCS 2010 software. According to IHT recommendations, three of the five intersections should be of a priority type and the others should take on a grade separation and a roundabout or a similar signal type. According to DoT, three of five intersections should be roundabouts and the rest Ghost Islands. The SORB recommends that all intersections should be controlled or altered to interchanges. Optimisation of suitable controls for each site should thus take all three methods into account in view of restrictions on area and budget. According to MUTCD, all of the intersections justify the installation of traffic signals, though further evaluation complementary to the proposed scenario would be useful.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (IJIREM), 2022

The traffic volume at intersections has been arising a problem which leads to accidents, conflicts and congestions. An efficient traffic control at intersections helps in reduction of delays of all vehicles and the probability of crashes. The movement of vehicles efficiency is increased by providing traffic signals, roundabouts, channelized islands at an intersection. Signal timing is most important if we use traffic signals in which green time decides the efficiency of movement of vehicles along with pedestrian walk timing. At an intersection, traffic volume studies are done with the movement and classification of vehicles along with the geometric elements of the road. The video graphic method is used to collect the volume of vehicles for every 15- minutes interval and converted into PCU units. Webster’s and IRC code method are used for signal design. Saturation flow, lost times and passenger car units, width of the road are the significant parameters used to optimize the signal timing in planning, design and control of signalized intersection.

The traffic signal design of the intersection has a direct control on its safety and operation from a design and user-ability point of view. We identified Kothavalasa T-Intersection has been arise problems like road accidents, conflicts and congestions. Design elements that are particularly important include the number of lanes provided on each approach and for each movement. These problems can solve by providing an efficient traffic signal control at the intersection for continuous movement of vehicles through the intersection. According to traffic signal, most traffic signal timing plans are designed to minimize vehicle delay based on the volumes seen in the past, not the present. Traffic count studies are to be made to determine the number, movement and classification of vehicles at an intersection. Signal timing is most important which is used to decide green time of the traffic light shall be provided at an intersection and how long the pedestrian walk signal should be provided. By using Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) intersection saturation for identifying periods of time when cycle length could be substantially short. These data is used identify normal flow of the roadway; determine the influence of heavy vehicles or pedestrians on vehicular traffic volume. Webster's minimum delay cycle length equation overestimates the optimal cycle length compared to the results based on the HCM 2000 method. This is due to the restructuring of the HCM 2000 delay equation as compared to the original Webster's delay calculation.

PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL, 2023

The problem of traffic congestion in urban areas is worse at road intersections. Junction design, traffic light capacity, and driver behaviour are prevalent influences on traffic congestion. Since the traffic signal is one of the traffic controls to alleviate road congestion, adequate traffic capacity with a good design and an optimum delay is the key to improving the signalised junction. Hence, this research aims to determine the performance of signalized junctions with different traffic methods compared to on-site data. Two methods were selected for the analysis: Signalised Intersection Design and Research Aid (SIDRA) and the Malaysia Highway Capacity Manual (MHCM). Prominent signalised intersections along Jalan Kempas in the Kempas neighbourhood of Johor Bahru were selected for this study to measure the length of the vehicle line-up during rush hour. Based on these two (2) methods used, the significant different are related to traffic parameters, namely capacity analysis and level of service and by different conditions of traffic, geometric and type of traffic signal. It was determined that the parameter used for both SIDRA and MHCM is suitable; however, the output of SIDRA resulted in a more similar performance to the site observation. Based on the findings, this research is able to measure the efficiency of traffic assessment tools compared to the actual situation on site and assist the traffic engineer in efficiently investigating and evaluating the performance at signalised junctions.

2022

Signalized intersections are critical elements of the highway system, thus improving the attitude of these intersections significantly influences the overall operating performance of the highways in respect of delay and level of service (LOS). Reduction in capacity and increase in delay at signalized intersections could be a reflection of poor signal timing as well as inadequate road geometry variables. A better comprehension of the reasons that affect signalized intersections performance can be useful in reducing delay and improving the LOS. This study aims toreview some of thepublished works on the evaluation of traffic operation at signalized intersections using both Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM 2010) and several optimization software. Different approaches were used to identify the main input data (traffic volume data, geometric characteristics, and signal timing) required for the HCM and different optimization proposals including video recording technique and field survey. The outcomes of thepublished investigations indicated to improve the operational performance of these intersections including cycle length, adding lanes, creating overpass, prohibiting approach traffic from the intersection, and a combination of some proposals.The research also seeks to add tothis review the limitations of using different software suchas SYNCHRO, CORSIM, HCS, SIDRAand the considerable variability of delays and LOS using these software's so that it may be updated for future experimental and simulation investigations on signalized intersections.

– Traffic clogging is a noteworthy issue in urban areas of all sizes. Individuals are taking more excursions, and there are more vehicles out and about. The road framework is regularly exhausted, making activity impede. In many countries nonlane based activity wins; subsequently, planning control frameworks for such circumstances is a testing assignment. Traffic Signal Light (TSL) can be improved by utilizing vehicle stream insights got by the signalized framework (ARSS). This examination proposes a proficient traffic control framework by distinguishing and counting the vehicle numbers at different circumstances and areas. At present, one of the office issues in the fundamental urban communities in numerous nations is the congested driving condition amid office hour and office break hour. At times it can be seen that the activity flag green light is still ON despite the fact that there is no vehicle on street. Thus, it is additionally watched that long lines of vehicles are holding up despite the fact that the street is vacant because of wasteful activity control framework. This is because of TSL determination without appropriate examination of vehicle stream. This can be dealt with by changing TSL timing proposed by the created ARSS. A number of experimental results of vehicle flows are discussed in this research in order to test the feasibility of the developed system.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

The use of traffic signals is the common practice in every cities having heavy traffic volume that is on clogged intersection. The signal phases are different at various intersections. The cycle time also differs as per traffic density at each intersection. Out somewhere it happens that there is green signal & no vehicle on the route and despite that somewhere there is long queue although there is red signal. The proposed system first targets scattering any queue that was developed during red span and reduction in travel time. This study leads to the change in phases and redesign of present signal system, which not only gives a reduction in the queue length but also reduces travel time and decrease in fuel consumption. This change will positively results in improving traffic efficiency.

Syntax Idea

Jl. Brigjen Katamso-Jl. Ir. H. Juanda 4-way Intersection is one of the signalized intersections in Medan. The performance of this intersection decreases along with the increasingly viscous flow of vehicles passing at the intersection. The Level of Service at the intersection is in the F category because the mean intersection delay is more than 60 seconds. To determine the solution to the existing traffic problems, efforts are needed to understand the current traffic system. This study uses a simulation model with SIDRA Intersection Version 8 software to calculate the delays and the Level of Services compared with the 1997 MKJI method calculation data. Based on the 1997 MKJI method, the mean intersection delay is 78.67 seconds with the Level of Services is LOS E. Based on the SIDRA Intersection simulation results, the mean intersection delay is 104.6 seconds with the Level of Services = LOS F. From the calculation results using the MKJI 1997 and SIDRA Intersection, there are differences in the value of the mean delay.

Intersections are one of the most critical elements that affect the performance of urban road network. For safe and efficient movement of large volumes of traffic on city road network. Saturation flows, lost times and Passenger Car Units (PCU) are the significant parameters in the planning, design and control of signalized intersection. The accurate estimation of saturation flow values is prime importance when determining the capacity of signalized intersection. KKV intersection is one of major intersection of Rajkot city. Considering the saturation flow at KKV intersection, optimization of signal timing was done. In present scenario, cycle length of KKV intersection is 250seconds, so that signal delay at all approaches is more than 170seconds. These problems can be overcome with signal optimization. It is done with three phases and four phases and found that cycle length is decrease as 157 sec as well as delay is also decreasing at all approaches.