Black Holes : Anybody out there?

The black hole and dark matter are two pillars of contemporary General Relativity. Week after week, we read about them in the specialized journals and in popularization magazines. Here we show that the term 'black hole' has yet to be defined scientifically. To pique the skeptic, mathematical physicists assign many dimensions to the black hole, confess that they have never seen one, and have no idea what these alleged objects are made of. For its part, dark matter is nothing more than an ad hoc variable that Mathematical Physics invented to plug holes in its leaky conception of gravity. The Rope Model of Light and Gravity offers a rational alternative for phenomena attributed to magical black holes and invisible dark matter.

2017.09.29 Why there are no black holes. Deadlock hypotheses of modern physics., 2017

The error of mathematical fantasies in the region of large densities inside stars is shown. The impossibility of infinite density growth is shown. An alternative description of the processes in the masses of massive stars is proposed.

`The astrophysicist named Abhas Mitra came to exactly the same conclusion that M = 0, but in a much more formal and elegant way. A number of people have reviewed Mitra's papers, and nobody has found any mathematical errors in them. So the conclusion is inescapable: The only true black holes that can exist are ones with zero mass. This doesn't mean that there are no very large astronomical objects that look a lot like black holes when viewed from far away. It simply means that they don't have external Event Horizons. Mitra calls them eternally-collapsing objects (ECOs). The problem is that the black hole candidates astrophysicists identify almost always HAVE ENORMOUS MAGNETIC FIELD – larger than any other magnetic fields in the universe. Some may argue that those magnetic fields originate outside their Event Horizons from matter spinning into them, but THAT ARGUMENT SEEMS SHAKY.. On the other hand, there is nothing that would prevent ECOs from having an ARBITRARILY STRONG MAGNETIC FIELDS because they don't have Event Horizons.

Applied Physics Research, 2019

With recent detection of black hole mergers by LIGO, the 'Black Holes' and 'Neutron Stars' have become common household names, albeit fanciful names in public domain. However, for the scientific community black holes are the ultimate paradoxes of nature. The claimed observations of black hole mergers are in fact interpretations of certain observations under the spacetime model of Relativity. These interpretations can change significantly with the change in operating model of the phenomenon. A black hole is believed to be a 'region of spacetime' exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing, not even light can escape from it. We demonstrate in this paper that this conviction is based on erroneous derivation for the gravitational redshift and the correct derivation shows that a photon cannot be prevented from escaping a gravitating body of any mass and size. Due to erroneous depiction of spacetime as a physical entity in GR, a mathematical singularity predicted by Schwarzschild metric solution of EFE has been projected as a physical possibility in the form of Black Holes. To strengthen the physical basis of Black Hole creation, the observations of Super Nova explosions are being interpreted under core collapse models. The core collapse models are now regarded as the physical foundation of Black Holes and Neutron stars. In this paper we have established the invalidity of current core collapse models on the grounds of treating electrons, ions and nuclei as non-interacting particles and using kinetic theory of gases for analyzing compressive stresses in solid iron core.

Arxiv preprint arXiv:0711.2279, 2007

The possible existence of black holes has fascinated scientists at least since Michell and Laplace's proposal that a gravitating object could exist from which light could not escape. In the 20th century, in light of the general theory of relativity, it became apparent that, were such objects to exist, their structure would be far richer than originally imagined. Today, astronomical observations strongly suggest that either black holes, or objects with similar properties, not only exist but may well be abundant in our universe. In light of this, black hole research is now not only motivated by the fascinating theoretical properties such objects must possess but also as an attempt to better understand the universe around us. We review here some selected developments in black hole research, from a review of its early history to current topics in black hole physics research. Black holes have been studied at all levels; classically, semi-classically, and more recently, as an arena to test predictions of candidate theories of quantum gravity. We will review here progress and current research at all these levels as well as discuss some proposed alternatives to black holes.

The Rise and Fall of the Black Hole Paradigm, 2021

6 VERIFIED CUSTOMER REVIEWS: Black holes have turned out to be the cornerstone of both physics and popular belief. But what if we were to realize that exact black holes cannot exist, even though their existence is apparently suggested by exact general relativistic solutions, and Roger Penrose won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics ‘for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity’? While it might seem far-fetched to claim so, it will be worth remembering that the finest theoretical physicists like Albert Einstein and Paul Dirac did not believe in black holes, and Stephen Hawking finally thought that there are no exact black holes. While the black hole paradigm has become commonplace in popular consciousness, in the last decade, noise has consistently grown about the many physical effects which can inhibit the formation of exact mathematical black holes. In The Rise and Fall of the Black Hole Paradigm, Abhas Mitra shows us how, much before these developments, he had proven why the so-called black holes must only be black hole pretenders. He identified these black hole candidates to be Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs), and along with Darryl J. Leiter and Stanley L. Robertson, generalized them. Recent evidence for the existence of strong magnetic fields around so-called black holes may provide confirmations of his claim.

Bizarre quantum properties of black holes-including their mind-bending ability to have different masses simultaneously-have been confirmed by University of Queensland physicists.[22] According to quantum mechanics black holes should behave like other ordinary quantum systems. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters-it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18]

I have posted the following summary of some of my recent results on black hole theory on Academia.edu, ResearchGate & stuartboehmer.com:- 1 There are no black holes. Main result: the minimum value of what Schwarzschild calls r is 2GM/c^2, not 0; this eliminates negative values of G00 (four-metric) and g11 (spatial metric) and, along with it, a lot of nonsense. Just about any text on black hole theory contains an account of the region 0 < r < 2GM/c^2, which is hereby rendered completely obsolete. The interior environment is just matter of extreme density and pressure, an extreme neutron star—no event horizons, &c.

arXiv (Cornell University), 2015

Advances in High Energy Physics