Fine Wares; Byzantine–Early Islamic Wares
Anna de Vincenz2013, Sepphoris I
https://doi.org/10.1515/9781575066998-005/xmlFine Wares; Byzantine-Early Islamic Wares anna de vincenz Editors: This chapter consists of five parts. The first two parts consider fine wares. Part 1 examines some of the fine wares of the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods that were recovered from non-stratified loci and thus do not appear in chap. 2; and Part 4 presents fine wares of the Late Roman and Byzantine periods, also not part of the purview of chap. 2. The two largest parts of this chapter focus on the sizeable corpus of Byzantine and Early Islamic wares from Sepphoris: Part 3 focuses on an area of the western summit that has primarily Byzantine and later remains and that seems to have been the locus of commercial and craft activities-hence the designation "Byzantine-Early Islamic Pottery Assemblage from the Byzantine Shops"; and Part 3 presents additional Byzantine and Early Islamic materials from other parts of the western summit, including two loci-one a cistern-that each produced an interesting corpus of wares. The chapter concludes in Part 5 with a brief discussion of the menorah as a decorative motif on some of the ceramic remains from Sepphoris. The term "Islamic" is used in this chapter to designate the period beginning with the Islamic conquest for areas under Islamic rule; it is used with a political, not a religious, meaning. The author considers this term preferable to "Arab," which may have ethnic implications. The discussion of fine wares in this chapter uses the standard designations shown in Chart 3 (p. 143). 1. Eastern Sigillata A Wares and Other Hellenistic and Early Roman Fine Wares (pls. 41-42) Author's note: I wish to thank Eric and Carol Meyers who asked me to study the material. Drawings are by Helena Bitan and Julia Rudman. Eastern Sigillata A Wares (pl. 41) Eastern Sigillata A is represented mainly by bowls of various shapes and also by jugs. The classification of the ESA vessels follows Hayes (1985a). Because ESA vessels were produced in the Syro-Palestinian region, probably somewhere in southern Syria, it is not surprising to find these vessels at Sepphoris. The clay of the vessels is usually fine and well levigated. The vessels are covered with a dull or glossy slip that is different in color from the clay and is mainly represented by various shades of orange-red and red. The slip is either applied thinly, barely covering the ware, or applied twice, in which case the second layer is clearly visible. Sometimes the surfaces are fired so intensely that they appear black, as is the case in our two jugs (pl. 41:9-10). ESA Bowl Hayes's Form 20 (pl. 41:1). This small bowl with incurved rim is a type that Hayes (1985a: Tav. 3:8) classifies as Form 20 and dates to the second century B.c.e. This form also appears in Antiochia as Form 157. ESA Bowl Hayes's Form 35 (pl. 41:2). This shallow bowl has a carinated body, an everted rim, a rather high foot, and a fine rouletted band under the rim. Hayes (1985: Tav. 5:12) classifies it as Form 35. The slip is usually glossy and well applied. An exact parallel from Jerusalem has been published by Hayes (1985b: fig. 53:1). Similar bowls have been found at Caesarea (Johnson 2008b: 228-29) and Ashkelon (Johnson 2008a: Form 36:12-13). They are dated to the second half of the first century c.e. ESA Bowl Hayes's Form 43 (pl. 41:3). The rim of this bowl with gently flaring walls and carination is flaring, and it has a ring base. Hayes (1985: 33) classifies it as Chart 3. Fine Ware Designations and Abbreviations
