Strengthening the Institutional Setting for Regulatory Reform
Cesar Cordova2011, OECD Working Papers on Public Governance
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Abstract
The OECD is a unique forum where governments work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges facing them. The Organisation is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the implications of an ageing population. The OECD provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice, and work to coordinate domestic and international policies.
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Regulatory Management Systems Across OECD Countries
OECD Working Papers on Public Governance, 2007
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 30 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to coordinate domestic and international policies.
Krawchenko, T. (2012). The OECD and Regulatory Reform: A review of recent literature in regulation. Policy Briefs, RGI, School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University.
The Organisation for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) is recognized as an influential global actor in the area of regulatory policy. This Regulatory Brief discusses the OECD’s most recent attempts to grapple with the widespread failure of regulatory systems in the face of the 2007 economic collapse and considers how Canada is addressing the need for a regulatory rethink in the face of the OECD’s recommendations. Specifically, it compares OECD’s 2012 Recommendations of the Council of Regulatory Policy and Guidance against the Government of Canada’s present regulatory approach.
Regulatory management practices in OECD countries
OECD Economics Department Working Papers, 2016
Complete document available on OLIS in its original format This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. ECO/WKP(2016)20 Unclassified English-Or. English ECO/WKP(2016)20 2 OECD Working Papers should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its member countries. The opinions expressed and arguments employed are those of the author(s). Working Papers describe preliminary results or research in progress by the author(s) and are published to stimulate discussion on a broad range of issues on which the OECD works.
Assessing the Impact of Regulatory Management Systems
OECD Working Papers on Public Governance, 2010
The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 31 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to coordinate domestic and international policies.
OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy
OECD Best Practice Principles for Regulatory Policy
Regulation is an important tool for achieving governments' social, economic and environmental policy objectives. Governments have a broad range of regulatory instruments reflecting the complex and diverse needs of their citizens, communities and economy. The quality of both the regulatory environment and regulatory outcomes is strongly dependent on the quality of processes for designing regulations. When developing interventions, whether policies, laws, regulations or other types of "rule", governments do not always fully consider their likely effects. In addition, government intervention has costs, which might, in some cases, outweigh the anticipated benefits. As a result, there are many instances of unintended consequences and, ultimately, negative impacts for citizens, businesses and society as a whole that essentially result from badly designed interventions. Often, these negative impacts are felt more by smaller, unorganised, hard-to-reach, less informed or marginalised constituents in society. They are thus detrimental to achieving inclusive growth, sustainable development, building trust and maintaining the integrity of the rule of law. Regulatory impact assessment provides decision makers with crucial information on whether and how to regulate to achieve public policy goals. RIA also helps policy makers defend decisions not to intervene in markets where the costs of doing so outweigh the benefits. RIA further helps defend policy makers' decisions by demonstrating that there are benefits to regulation-something that is often overlooked by society and governments.
1. Agencification and Regulatory Reforms
Over the last two decades the classical model of hierarchical and integrated government has been gradually replaced by a more horizontally structured and fragmented arrangement. A central aspect of this development in many countries has been a change in how regulatory activities are organized. Regulation based on central command and control from the top has been weakened in favor of more regulation by autonomous regulatory agencies. We discuss this development first by looking at concepts like regulation, the Regulatory State, agency, and autonomy, thereby drawing together the different strands of literature about regulation and agencies. Second, we outline various theoretical approaches--rational-economic, organizational-structural, and institutional-used to analyze the development and effects of the new regulatory model and review a number of empirical studies of reform processes and effects. Finally, we discuss how some of the main empirical features may be interpreted using these different approaches.
Regulatory Transparency in OECD Countries: Overview, Trends and Challenges
Australian Journal of Public Administration, 2004
The concept of transparency has rapidly gained prominence in Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. It is particularly associated with the rise of the governance agenda, as transparency is a core governance value. The regulatory activities of government constitute one of the main contexts within which transparency must be assured. There is a strong public demand for greater transparency, which is substantially related to the rapid increase in number and influence of nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) or 'civil society groups', as well as to increasingly well educated and diverse populations. Transparency initiatives now form a major part of the regulatory policies of many OECD countries: in 2000, 20 of the 30 OECD member countries had government-wide transparency policies (OECD 2002a). Many OECD countries have now made substantial investments in improved regulatory transparency, and have reaped important gains in terms of regulatory quality, legitimacy and accountability. However, despite these gains, the results have in many cases fallen short of expectations. As well, the implementation of transparency has itself led to new stresses and problems within the regulatory process. This article considers why regulatory transparency is important and points to some of the main trends in improving regulatory transparency. It also considers a range of problems and issues that arise and suggests means of resolving these.
Agencification and regulatory reforms
Over the last two decades the classical model of hierarchical and integrated government has been gradually replaced by a more horizontally structured and fragmented arrangement. A central aspect of this development in many countries has been a change in how regulatory activities are organized. Regulation based on central command and control from the top has been weakened in favor of more regulation by autonomous regulatory agencies. We discuss this development first by looking at concepts like regulation, the Regulatory State, agency, and autonomy, thereby drawing together the different strands of literature about regulation and agencies. Second, we outline various theoretical approaches--rational-economic, organizational-structural, and institutional-used to analyze the development and effects of the new regulatory model and review a number of empirical studies of reform processes and effects. Finally, we discuss how some of the main empirical features may be interpreted using these different approaches.
The OECD and Economic Governance: Invisibility and Impotence?
This chapter sketches the OECD’s role in economic governance, in particular the pursuit of its obligation to promote policies to maximise economic growth. While the OECD’s work in the economic field evolves its mechanisms of economic governance have barely altered. It is argued that through the use of the soft law mechanisms at its disposal such as surveillance and peer review the OECD exerts a “subtle discipline” over the trajectory of economic governance. These mechanisms can sponsor convergence in national policies and, on occasion, outbreaks of international policy coordination. Ultimately, however, the organization’s impact is conditioned by external actors and internal dynamics. The proliferation of international mechanisms of governance and the internal politics of the OECD may be diluting the its ability to shape the contours of international economic policymaking.
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