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Sustainability
The international construction industry has long experienced high rates of occupational incidents resulting in serious injury and death. The high rate of fatal construction accidents has clearly highlighted the importance and urgency of safety management improvement for building and construction sites. This paper analyzed 33 nominated success factors of the site safety management (SSM) of building construction projects using Principle Components Analysis (PCA) to extract the success factors (SFs) of SSM in Taiwan. The internal relationships among these SFs were further explored using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the underlying relationships. The results of this study indicate that there are moderate correlations present between the selected SFs for SSM. Management behaviors, a safe work environment and safety resources, the safety behaviors of workers, and prevention and remedial actions were found to be the major influencers for SSM performance. Furthermore, the st...
This study explores the success factors (SFs) of safety management in Taiwan's construction sites using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Research results show that four critical successful factors (management level attitude, work environment safety, worker safety, and correction & prevention measures) have a significant influence on the success of safety management in Taiwan's construction sites. It is also found that ensuring a safe working environment is the primary focus of safety management in Taiwan's construction sites while safety awareness and worker training are generally inadequate.
Advances in Civil Engineering
This study aims at identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) for safety management of high-rise building construction projects and exploring interactions among such CSFs. Study data were sourced from semistructured interviews and a questionnaire survey administered in China. The study constructs a third-order CSFs system containing six CSFs: management measures, management organization, technical and management plan, worker safety behavior, safety environment, and worker safety quality. Among these, management organization is found to be the key factor affecting construction safety management performance, while worker safety behavior is a factor with a direct impact. Implications for practice are proposed. This study enriches the existing literature on the CSFs and performance evaluation of construction safety management in high-rise building construction projects. Safety performance of high-rise building construction projects can be effectively enhanced by improving the profe...
Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 2013
Using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), this study develops a model to evaluate construction managers' perception of safety as relates to six aspects: human error (HE), safety resource and application (SRA), safety equipment and training (SET), site culture and external factors (SCF), safety inspection and audit (SIA), and accident medium and activities (AMA). The model was used to identify and compare the level of safety perceived by Taiwanese construction managers including safety managers, contractor managers, public works managers, design and audit managers, owner audit and control managers, and others. Analysis reveals that safety managers have the highest perception of safety while owner audit and control managers have the lowest. Surprisingly, public works managers and design and audit managers have lower levels of perceived safety than do contractor managers. Apparently, reinforcing the perception of safety between these two types of construction personnel is important to reducing construction accidents in Taiwan.
Building and Environment, 2006
In Singapore, the construction industry had implemented safety management system (SMS) and SMS auditing for about 10 years now, but the improvement in safety standard is not significant. In response to the need to improve the effectiveness of SMS and SMS audit, the aim of the paper is to propose a method to develop and test the tools that auditors may use to assess the effectiveness of a construction firm's SMS. The research methodology adopted in this study consists of 15 steps. Surveys were conducted; safety experts were consulted and invited to express their views, either through interviews or workshops. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Factor Analysis were used to assist in identifying the most crucial factors and attributes affecting safety. The model was developed by means of the multi-attribute value model (MAVT) approach. It was also subject to validation via site audits. Using the model, a Construction Safety Index (CSI) can be calculated. It is concluded that the CSI can act as an objective measure of different sites for management and appraisal purposes.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
In facing the ASEAN Economic Community, the level of prevailing working accidents becomes one of the competitiveness factors among the companies. A construction industry is one of the industries prone to high level of accidents. Improving the safety record will not be completely effective unless the occupational safety and healthy culture is enhanced. The aim of this research was to develop a model and to conduct empirical investigation on the relationships among the dimensions of construction occupational safety culture. This research used the structural equation model as a means to examine the hypothesis of positive relationships between dimensions and objectives. The method used in this research was questionnaire survey which was distributed to the respondents from construction companies in a state-owned enterprise in Indonesia. Moreover, there were dimensions of occupational safety culture that was established, such as leadership, behavior, value, strategy, policy, process, employee, safety cost, and contract system. The results of this study indicated that all dimensions were significant and interrelated in forming the safety culture. The result of R 2 yielded the safety performance was 54%, which means it was in low category and evaluation of policies on construction companies was required in addressing the issue of working accidents.
International Journal of Project …, 1999
The factors in¯uencing safety on construction sites are discussed. The impacts of the historical, economical, psychological, technical, procedural, organizational and the environmental issues are considered in terms of how these factors are linked with the level of site safety. The historical factor is assessed by the background and characteristics of the individual, such as age and experience. The economic factor is determined by the monetary values which are associated with safety such as, hazard pay. The psychological factor is assessed by the safety behavior of fellow workers on site including supervisors. The technical and procedural factors are assessed by the provision of training and handling of safety equipment on site. The organizational and environmental factors are assessed by the type of policy that the management adopts to site safety. Information regarding these factors were correlated with accidents' records in a sample of 120 operatives. Results of the factor analysis suggest that variables related to the`organization policy' are the most dominant group of factors in¯uencing safety performance in the United Kingdom Construction Industry. The top ®ve important issues found to be associated with site safety were: (1) management talk on safety; (2) provision of safety booklets; (3) provision of safety equipment; (4) providing safety environment and (5) appointing a trained safety representative on site. #
Safety, Quality and Environment, …, 2007
In an effort to improve their safety performance a group of Chilean construction companies proposed University researchers to carry out studies to develop a project management system that integrates production and safety management within the context of companies that were implementing Lean Construction. This paper discusses the results of an initial study to identify factors that significantly influence safety performance of construction projects in Chile. Fourteen best practices (variables) that correlate closely with safety performance in projects were identified. A questionnaire survey was then conducted on 60 construction sites. The relationship of different variables with the project injury rate (PIR) was tested using the Kendall's Correlation Coefficient. An incremental analysis of safety management strategies was developed using highest impact variables in order to investigate project strategies that were more effective influencing project safety performance. The study results show that safety performance is influenced by all the variables initially identified, specially, the orientation and specialized safety training for management; project planning; and participative practices. The study also demonstrated that there is a positive correlation between the number of safety best practices implemented and the project injury rate (PIR). The high impact practices identified are currently being used for the development of an integrated management model that integrates production and safety management.
Implementation of injury/fatality rates in construction is questionable due to absence of administrative body for safety and health in Pakistan but research studies showed significant increase. Accidents records investigation provides lagging indicator of safety performance which is not truly adopted by construction firms. Alternatively, safety climate is leading indicator which addressed safety perceptions and attitudes of workers for safety management system. This study is an effort to develop relationship between lagging and leading safety indicators. Accidents were ranked according to vulnerability and then associated safety climate was investigated. Major reason of accident was found as defective equipment endorsed in psychological perspective including site ergonomics and, plant and equipment along with productivity as priority over safety. There is clear weak relation between lagging and leading indicators of safety performance as most accidents are happening due to tools but...
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2017
Based on the data, 32% of accidental cases in Indonesia occurs on constructional sectors. It is supported by the data from Public Work and Housing Department that 27.43% of the implementation level of Safety Management System policy at construction companies in Indonesia remains unsafe categories. Moreover, there are dimensions of occupational safety culture formed including leadership, behavior, strategy, policy, process, people, safety cost, value and contract system. The aim of this study is to determine the model of an effective safety culture and know the relationship between dimensions in construction industry. The method used in this research was questionnaire survey which was distributed to the sample of construction companies either in a national private one in Indonesia. The result of this research is supposed to be able to illustrate the development of the relationship among occupational safety culture dimensions which have influences to the performances of constructional companies in Indonesia.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2018
This review paper focuses on the determination of the critical safety factors that governed the success of a safety management system for construction sites. Construction activity in India has made considerable development in the past two decades in the account with increase in development activities, government policies, and public demand. At the same time safety issues have become a major concern to construction organizations. Safety management on construction sites had always been a major issue in the construction industry of India. Particularly for Surat city where currently 547 construction project are ongoing and construction companies in Surat have tried to control the rising costs of accidents and reduce projects delays due to the accidents; however, they do not know why the safety programs do not work efficiently, or where to start. This situation suggested the need for the present study, which is aimed to identify the most critical factors affecting the implementation of safety programs in high rise building construction. Outcomes from this study will provide a set of critical factors that can be used to guide a successful construction safety program implementation as well as safety policy development in the construction industry in Surat. The factors affecting the success of activities and projects, often named critical success factors (CSFs) can be defined as "areas in which results, if they are satisfactory, will ensure success within and of the organization". The objective of the study is to determine the critical safety factors that governed the success of a safety management system for construction sites. The methodology adopted to achieve the objectives of this study is described in four main stages. The first stage involved a review of safety in the construction industry to identify the importance of safety in construction projects. Moreover, an extensive literature review is carried out to explore the factors that affect the successful implementation of a safety program. Second phase of research includes development of framework for ranking factors affecting the safety performance in construction work and design questionnaire to collect data. Third phase of research includes analysis of collecting data. In this phase data analysis will be done by Significant Index (SI) to rank the factor which affect the implementation of safety in construction. Fourth phase covers discussion on the ranking of the important factor that affects the implementation of safety among different parties and develop critical safety factor with the help of statistical computation. Fifth stage of research covers conclusion and recommendation part. The entire research work is done on the combined perception of different stake holders from Surat city and top 10 factors have been identified.
International Journal of Research and Review
The purpose of this research is to analyze antecedent safety factor and their impact on operation performance at Construction Services Company, Serang Regency. This type of research in this research is quantitative research. The research is conducted at 5 Construction Services Companies, Serang Regency with a total population of 516 employees by using the simple random sampling approach. The number of questionnaires filled in are 306 respondents. The data analysis method is analyzed using the structural equation modeling partial least square (SEM-PLS) model with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results show that factor design has no significant effect on safety behavior. Factor design has significant effect on safety culture. Factor design has significant effect on operational performance. Factor management has significant effect on safety behavior. Factor management has significant effect on safety culture. Factor management has significant effect on operational performance. ...
The construction industry is currently recognized as a major economic force and one of the most hazardous industries. Accidents not only result in considerable pain and suffering but have impact on productivity, quality, time, and negatively affect the environment and consequently add to the cost of construction. An effective safety program may prevent many accidents on construction sites. In this study a questionnaire was developed and distributed to 30 construction companies to evaluate the factors influencing safety management on construction projects. The data collected will be analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) software. The study initiates that the benefits of S&H improvements include: reduced accident costs, increased productivity, improved human relations and enhanced firm's image. S&H should be considered as a prerequisite for productivity and quality.
2019
The Safety Management System (SMS) was introduced to eliminate the risk of injuries and fatalities, and reduce material wastage in the construction industry in the 1980s. Further, immeasurable resources have been spent on executing SMSs over the past 20 years. With reference to the international framework and standards, an SMS was introduced in Hong Kong in November 1999 to prevent accidents and control hazards. This research study aims to empirically address an unexploited issue, in that previous research studies are insufficient regarding SMS implementation, and a clear lack of understanding exists regarding this implementation and project performance. This study adopted a desktop literature review, structured interviews, the Delphi survey method and a massive empirical questionnaire survey to achieve the following research objectives (ROs), which include: identifying the key characteristics of construction projects with outstanding safety performance (RO1); identifying the perceived benefits, potential difficulties and critical success factors of implementing and maintaining an SMS (RO2); evaluating the effectiveness of the current application of SMS in the Hong Kong construction industry (RO3); examining the relationship between SMSs and safety performance in construction projects (RO4); and recommending strategies for improving site safety performance by considering the current application of SMSs in Hong Kong and their further development in Hong Kong and other countries (RO5). Recent industry practices were reviewed to identify not only the benefits, difficulties and critical success factors of implementing SMS, but also the key project characteristics as yardsticks to reflect project safety performance. Further, structured interview and Delphi survey method were conducted to identify these factors and their levels of importance in Hong Kong, respectively. The structured interview and Delphi survey results were consistent with those from the literature review. The results showed that visible senior management's commitment, including manpower III and cost allocations-as well as the safety manager's competence-were critical success factors in an SMS implementation. Additionally, safer working conditions, lower risk of harm to workers and better project management were the major benefits of SMS implementation. However, safety was less prioritised by project team members and subcontractors due to organisations' cultural differences. Tight work schedules and high worker turnover were also considered as difficulties when executing SMS in the Hong Kong construction industry. With reference to Delphi survey results, a massive empirical questionnaire survey was then conducted to quantify the implemented SMS' compliance levels in Hong Kong construction projects. Moreover, theoretical structural models were established to indicate the potential relationships between SMS implementation and the project outcomes from a safety perspective. These relationships were examined with the use of partial least square structural equation modelling and with empirical data from a survey of 334 respondents within the Hong Kong construction industry. The data analysis results suggest that the factors to motivate SMS implementation positively impacted project outcomes, but essential elements of the SMS might not positively impact project outcomes. This implies that an organisation's self-motivation is particularly important in monitoring construction projects' safety performance, including SMS implementation. As the mandatory adoption of SMS is being enforced by government authorities, some organisations might fulfil the legal requirements with minimum organisational efforts, resulting in hardly any positive impact on the safety performance among their construction sites. This study addressed its potential limitations in an SMS implementation context, and unfolded the tacit knowledge of the factors toward future development of SMSs. These indicate future developments in safety management practices and the long-term safety improvement across the construction industry.
American Journal of Trade and Policy, 2019
This conceptual paper intends to present as a proposition of a framework to understand the antecedents of safety performance behaviors. The elements of performance which refer to the tangible behaviors exhibited by individuals at work, safety participation and safety compliance, are crucial in maintaining safe workplace for construction industry. This article illustrates potential antecedents in determining safety performance behaviors as effect of safety leadership attributes and safety climate components based on the Wu et al. (2008) model and current literature in this field. The article contributes to a better understanding of safety situation in the construction industry through the relationships among safety leadership behaviors, safety climate components and safety performance behaviors. This paper ends with a suggestion of the conceptual framework to study the antecedents of safety performance in the context of Malaysian construction industries.
2011
This paper explores the use of mathematical analyses methods to identify the components of effective management strategies applied by a safety management organization in construction companies. The authors believe that effective methods and strategies are closely related to Lean Construction strategies and one objective of this research was to explore this hypothesis. In Chile, “Safety Mutuals” are nonprofit organizations that provide medical insurance and technical assistance on safety management to companies in all the economic areas. In the last 40 years these institutions have helped to reduce accidents to 1/5th in the Chilean companies. Over the years they have introduced hundreds of methods/practices to prevent and mitigate accidents; however, there is little evidence of the effectiveness of individual or combined methods used in companies to manage safety issues. The authors selected a sample of over 1100 construction firms, and 221 individual methods/practices applied in the...
Asian People Journal (APJ), 2020
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was carried out to develop appropriate questionnaire items as research instruments. This study has developed and certified the instruments of safety management commitment and safety administration through the EFA study. It is applied in the context of occupational safety and health management (OSH) of construction industry. This study was divided into two constructs namely Safety Management Commitment (SMC) and Safety Administration (SA) to measure safety attitude. Safety administration construct was measured by safety programs and safety monitoring. Whereas, safety management commitment construct was measured by safety planning and safety management. This study was conducted to evaluate the contractor’s safety management attitude to the safety culture at the construction site. About 100 respondents were selected through simple random sampling to fill out the survey. Based on the reliability test, this study has set an instrument consist of eight it...
The factors in¯uencing safety on construction sites are discussed. The impacts of the historical, economical, psychological, technical, procedural, organizational and the environmental issues are considered in terms of how these factors are linked with the level of site safety. The historical factor is assessed by the background and characteristics of the individual, such as age and experience. The economic factor is determined by the monetary values which are associated with safety such as, hazard pay. The psychological factor is assessed by the safety behavior of fellow workers on site including supervisors. The technical and procedural factors are assessed by the provision of training and handling of safety equipment on site. The organizational and environmental factors are assessed by the type of policy that the management adopts to site safety. Information regarding these factors were correlated with accidents' records in a sample of 120 operatives. Results of the factor analysis suggest that variables related to thèorganization pol-icy' are the most dominant group of factors in¯uencing safety performance in the United Kingdom Construction Industry. The top ®ve important issues found to be associated with site safety were: (1) management talk on safety; (2) provision of safety booklets; (3) provision of safety equipment; (4) providing safety environment and (5) appointing a trained safety representative on site. #
International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2021
The Malaysian construction industry has been long categorized as one of the riskiest industries due to the high number of accidents that happened at construction sites. The poor safety performance in the construction industry has caused several drawbacks and failures in the aspects of project performance, cost, project completion time, and productivity. One of the reasons that led to this situation is due to the inadequate awareness of the project safety performance factors. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the significant factors affecting the safety performance of construction projects, based on the perceptions of safety personnel. Fifty-six (56) questionnaires were distributed among construction safety personnel who are working at construction sites in Kuala Lumpur through email and face-to-face methods. The percentage of the returned questionnaire was 100%. The questionnaire was analyzed using the Average Index (AI) analysis to attain the significant factors that affect...
Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 2008
PurposeThis paper sets out to describe the development and empirical testing of a structural equation model of construction safety culture. A key contribution of the model is providing insights into the interactions among safety culture enablers, and the relation between those enablers (what the organisation is doing) and safety culture goals (what the organisation aims to achieve) in the context of the Thai construction industry.Design/methodology/approachBased on the internationally recognised EFQM Excellence model, this paper empirically examines the interactions and causal relationships between five enablers (i.e. Leadership, Policy and strategy, People, Partnerships and resources and Processes) and safety outcome (i.e. Goals). The paper utilises the structural equation modelling technique to test the hypothesised positive inter‐relationships between the enablers and goals. A questionnaire survey was administered to a sample of construction contracting organisations operating in...
2013
Many studies have shown that the construction industry one of the most hazardous industries with its high rates of fatalities and injuries and high financial losses incurred through work related accident. To reduce or overcome the safety issues on construction sites, different safety programs are introduced by construction firms. A questionnaire survey study was conducted to highlight the influence of the Construction Safety Factors on safety program implementation. The input from the questionnaire survey was analyzed by using AIM (Average Index Method) and rank correlation test was conducted between different groups of respondents to measure the association between different groups of respondent. The finding of this study highlighted that management support is the critical factor for implementing the safety program on projects. From statistical test, it is concluded that all respondent groups were strongly in the favor of management support factor as CSF (Critical Success Factor). ...
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