Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.
To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser.
2004, Journal of Management & Governance
This article, which draws on recent literature on organizational communities, raises the question of the coherence of the firm through the analysis of the dialectic interaction between hierarchies and Knowledge-Intensive Communities (KnICs) within the firm. Focusing on the cognitive dimension of the firm, we analyze the matching between hierarchies and KnICs and draw conclusions as to the coherence of the firm. Using two key elements (the frequency of interactions and the intensity of communication between communities), we draw a typology allowing a better understanding of the processes of coordination and knowledge creation within the firm.
2003
In our work a new approach, the Distributed Knowledge Management (DKM) approach, is used and organizations are seen as constellations of communities, which "own" local knowledge and exchange it through meaning negotiation coordination processes. In order to reify communities within a DKM system, the concept of Knowledge Node (KN) is used and then applied in a case study: a complex Italian national firm, the Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. All communities of practices are unveiled and reified as KNs within a high level architecture of a DKM system. In this paper it is argued that, even if knowledge has to be organized and made useful to the whole organization, there are types of knowledge that must be managed in an autonomous way, and the DKM approach is a good system which to deal with coordination/negotiation processes.
2003
In our work a new approach, the Distributed Knowledge Management (DKM) approach, is used and organizations are seen as constellations of communities, which \own" local knowledge and exchange it through meaning negotiation coordination processes. In order to reify communities within a DKM system, the concept of Knowledge Node (KN) is used and then applied in a case study: a complex Italian national firm, the Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. All communities of practices are un-veiled and rei ed as KNs within a high level architecture of a DKM system. In this paper it is argued that, even if knowledge has to be organized and made useful to the whole organization, there are types of knowledge that must be managed in an autonomous way, and the DKM approach is a good system which to deal with coordination/negotiation processes.
Academy of Management Proceedings, 2016
In this paper, we address the need for newer approaches to engage with the interactive nature of knowledge exchange that occurs when firms engage in open innovation with user communities. Drawing on the Community of Practice perspective, we develop a relational framework that forms the basis for examining the social dynamics underpinning knowledge collaboration between the firm and the community. This framework integrates the perspective of community (and its users) with the host firm to enable a comprehensive investigation of the tensions associated with the dynamics at the firm-community boundary, and how these tensions can be managed generatively to enable seamless co-creation of knowledge and innovation. We discuss how researchers can use the framework for future studies that seek to better understand the complex, relational dynamics of firm-community knowledge collaboration. These insights are valuable for firms to support knowledge collaboration by focusing on effective boundary management practices for negotiating tensions that emanate at the firm-community boundary.
We frequently say that people are an organization's most important resource, yet we seldom understand this truism in terms of the communities through which individ uals develop and share the capacity to create and use knowledge. Even when people work for large organizations, they learn through their participation in smaller com munities made up of people with whom they interact on a regular basis. At Siemens, a group of committed knowledge management staff regularly discussed the latest developments in the knowledge management field and helped to find solutions for each other's most difficult challenges. This group formed a Community of Practice for Knowledge Management, sharing a common background, practice and identity, and engaging in a common enterprise. In 1998, this Community of Practice request ed central support from Siemens. This "bottom-up movement" led to the creation of a new corporate office for Knowledge Management, the Corporate Knowledge Management Office (CKM). In this case study the phenomenon of Communities of Practice is examined as a driving force for effective Knowledge Management in a company. The challenges facing its set-up and successful implementation are explored. As a forum for sharing knowledge and a knowledge community, and as a testing laboratory for integral knowledge management systems, its strengths and critical aspects are discussed. Thereafter, the factors that contributed to its successful creation are examined. In particular, the question of how this Community of Practice in Siemens a non-centrally organized and heterogeneous company was able to develop and attract sufficient attention to bring into being a new corporate office is examined together with its aim to co-ordinate and support the knowledge management activities of Siemens.
This paper explores the processes of knowledge generation and sharing among the employees of a multinational business organisation. We consider the generation and sharing of knowledge in employee networks as crucial for the process of organising, especially in situations in which new businesses are being developed. In particular this paper examines the new ways of organising that emerged within the multinational organisation following the creation of a new internet business unit. The paper elaborates on the effects of those changes in the way people make sense of the new working contexts through the stories they share.
Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 2016
The capacity to innovate impacts organizational performance and is crucial for competitive advantage. However, as structural inertia sets in, large organizations tend to lose their ability to sustain continuous knowledge creation dynamics. Moreover, created knowledge is not always efficiently integrated into new marketable product offerings. As a consequence, organizations continually experiment with designs allowing them to combine both imperatives. Drawing on a longitudinal case study of a large firm operating in the highly competitive Specialty Chemicals industry, we explore how this organization has been able to conjugate the apparently contradictory processes of knowledge creation and integration. Our findings suggest that this capacity is enhanced by effective knowledge flows within and between the different organizational communities.
The study focuses on the emergence of knowledge exchange networks in organisational settings. Why do knowledge exchange relations occur? Why do they form in the way that they do? What are the main variables to take into account? By reviewing the literature on knowledge networks, we tested three theoretical mechanisms that may answer these questions: homophily, social embeddedness, and physical proximity. We used social network analysis to measure and analyse the social networks within an Italian Business School. Results show that these measures have different impacts on knowledge exchange relations. The resulting model increases the understanding of the emergence of informal social networks and suggests interesting managerial implications for practitioners, especially in human resources management.
Journal of Universal Computer Science, 2004
In our work a new approach, the Distributed Knowledge Management (DKM) approach, is used and organizations are seen as constellations of communities, which "own" local knowledge and exchange it through meaning negotiation coordination processes. In order to reify communities within a DKM system, the concept of Knowledge Node (KN) is used and then applied in a case study: a complex Italian national firm, the Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. All communities of practices are unveiled and reified as KNs within a high level architecture of a DKM system. In this paper it is argued that, even if knowledge has to be organized and made useful to the whole organization, there are types of knowledge that must be managed in an autonomous way, and the DKM approach is a good system to deal with coordination/negotiation processes.
Journal of Knowledge Management Practice, 2005
Knowledge Organization at the Interface, 2020
This research conducted within an energy sector company brings together both information systems and knowledge organization (KO). It is based on a case study, aiming to analyze the 'interface' question in a comprehensive way through the building of an information system dedicated to the organization of knowledge within a community of practice. Through this case, we will develop an approach related to KO technologies that highlight the importance of the 'interface' not only as user interface in software but, moreover, as a pathway between users, communities and organizations necessary for promoting a common understanding and use of knowledge in an efficient way.
Communities and Technologies, 2003
This research aims at understanding how people share knowledge in their everyday work in a project-based company. The social structures for knowledge sharing are characterised as formal, informal, and quasi-informal structures. They vary from those with high formalisation to the informal, and even include structures which are invisible and unrecognised in the organisation. They also vary in their composition. They may share the same or different space, and communication is based on face-to-face or virtual interaction. Data was collected by means of documents and interviews (n=18) during the autumn of 2002 and the winter of 2003 from an Internet consultancy company. The study shows the great variety of formal, informal, and quasi-informal social structures that are used for knowledge sharing in the case company. In all, sixteen different structures were found. The number of formal structures is smaller than the number of informal ones. Their analysis in terms of five dimensions also shows their great heterogeneity.
Cahier de recherche du Cergo
This article examines some mechanisms of governance and coordination that enable the knowledge work in techno-economic achievements and progress. There are many such mechanisms functioning in parallel and they form knowledge systems. This article proposes a representation of the central structure of the advanced technological knowledge system, that is, a latticework in which cross-organizational knowledge communities are interwoven with local communities of practice and organizations. Analysis of a case study of advanced technological innovation at Bell Canada makes it possible to highlight the roles of cross-organizational knowledge communities and communities of practice in the systems of advanced technological knowledge. The analysis reveals the composition, the scope, and the density of communities on which this innovation is based. The study concludes by examining how this knowledge system structure affects the governance of public research and the public-private relations in R & D.
Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGCPR conference on Computer personnel research - SIGCPR '99, 1999
Organizations are looking for new organizational structures in order to improve their knowledge management. Knowledge management is a general umbrella concept that covers many different processes, but here we limit ourselves to three specific knowledge management processes: knowledge creation, knowledge legitimization, and knowledge sharing. With this purpose in mind, we examine and define two types of group structures: teams and communities; and we elaborate propositions on their advantages and disadvantages for creating, legitimizing, and sharing knowledge in organizations.
2012
This paper aims to contribute to the advancement of firm knowledge theory and practice by emphasising and assessing the substantial role of communities of practice in generating new knowledge and promoting its application in high-technology firms. Drawing on Brown and Duguid's study, we argue that high-tech firms are composed of a myriad of overlapping communities (i.e. internal and/or external to the firm; virtual or distributed, comprising individuals located in partners, suppliers, distributors, universities and colleagues) each of which presents a dominant mode of learning and collective behaviour, and each of which, both individually and collectively, favours the processes of knowledge creation and application. On the ground of an in-depth biannual longitudinal study of the Italian subsidiary of a large hightech multinational firm operating in the Information and Communication Industry, we eventually show how the observation and reconstruction of significant evidence of community interactions convey various compelling managerial consequences.
2000
Critical Management Studies 2001, Manchester 2 ABSTRACT '..big just keeps getting bigger..' 1
2005
While knowledge transfer has been shown to affect organizational performance, little is known about the processes of knowledge exchange between organizational agents. We propose that combination of various modes of exchange and degree of tie strength produce at least five different configurations: neo-classical exchange, local search, embeddedness, community exchange, and performative ties. Using an agent-based simulation of problem solving in an organizational setting that involves knowledge exchange, we find that embeddedness and community exchange provide results that are superior to neo-classical exchange. Performative ties, however, outperform both, even if just a minority of the organizational agents is able to extend such ties. In addition, we find that the marginal returns on performative ties are greatest when such ties are relatively rare, suggesting that the cost associated with encouraging them can be minimized with little in adverse effects. We conclude by discussing managerial implications for team setup and facilitation of knowledge transfer.
2004
In our work a new approach, the Distributed Knowledge Management (DKM) approach, is used and organizations are seen as constellations of communities, which "own" local knowledge and exchange it through meaning negotiation coordination processes. In order to reify communities within a DKM system, the concept of Knowledge Node (KN) is used and then applied in a case study: a complex Italian national firm, the Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. All communities of practices are unveiled and reified as KNs within a high level architecture of a DKM system. In this paper it is argued that, even if knowledge has to be organized and made useful to the whole organization, there are types of knowledge that must be managed in an autonomous way, and the DKM approach is a good system to deal with coordination/negotiation processes.
Knowledge Horizons. The Present and the Promise of …, 2000
2020
This research conducted within an energy sector company brings together both information systems and knowledge organization (KO). It is based on a case study, aiming to analyze the ‘interface’ question in a comprehensive way through the building of an information system dedicated to the organization of knowledge within a community of practice. Through this case, we will develop an approach related to KO technologies that highlight the importance of the ‘interface’ not only as user interface in software but, moreover, as a pathway between users, communities and organizations necessary for promoting a common understanding and use of knowledge in an efficient way. 1.0 Introduction In this political and economic understanding of the society that is the ‘Information Society’ or the ‘Knowledge Society’ (first used by Drucker (1969) then by the UNESCO), the question of how to organize the knowledge is essential. From decades knowledge organization systems (KOS) (Mazzocchi 2018) such as cla...
Loading Preview
Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.