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Die Parasiten des Menschen aus der Sicht der Koevolution

2007

Abstract

The parasites of humans in the light of co-evolution. — Parasites in the broad sense are all causative agents of infections and infectious diseases, and of infestations and their corresponding diseases: viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and animals. In medicine, for reasons of tradition, the term parasite refers to any protozoan, helminth and arthropod causing or transmitting infections or infestations. This is an extremely heterogeneous omnium-gatherum of biologically entirely different organisms with a huge variety of host-parasite interrelations. Co-evolution in the strict sense is the mutual evolutive adaptation of two (usually strongly) interactive species for optimization or even stabilization of the existence of both. Show-horses of co-evolution are – besides the various forms of endosymbiosis – angiosperms and their pollinators on one hand and parasites and their hosts on the other hand. The conditions and strategies of evolution are, however, very different. In the first ...