Baker shan r ed local flaps in facial reconstruction

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2005

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Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2019

International Surgery Journal, 2020

Background: Face is the center of attention during communication and the expression of emotion. Facial defects resulting from trauma and the excision of skin malignancies are relatively common. How this defect is treated is determined by a variety of factors including the location, size and the underlying cause of the defect, the projected functional morbidity, the medical history of the patient, and feasibility of surgery. Aim was to study various local flaps using for coverage of defect, outcomes and complications.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Our study shows result of 92 patients during January 2016 to December 2019 who had facial defects were taken up for the study. Reconstructive options were selected depending on defect size, location. Follow-up of patients ranged from 6 months to 1 year.Results: The most common malignant tumors of the face are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Local flap is always preferable than skin grafts as it p...

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 2015

Local flaps are the standard procedure to reconstruct facial defects. As it occurs in any surgical procedure, the incision should be planned so that scars are located in the minimum skin tension lines. We report two cases of O to Z flaps in the supra and infraciliary regions. One of them is a hatchet flap.

Background: Managing post-traumatic or post-oncosurgical facial defects presents challenges. Minor defects may be treated with skin grafts or small local flaps, while larger ones necessitate advanced techniques like tissue expanders, prefabricated flaps, or free flaps. The enduring utilization of the forehead flap over centuries underscores its reliability in reconstructing substantial and intricate facial defects. Aim: Assess the viability and adaptability of forehead flap for facial reconstruction. Materials and Methods: 20 patients who underwent coverage of facial defects after trauma or tumor excision using forehead flaps were retrospectively analysed. The patient satisfaction and flap-related complications were analyzed. Results: 20 patients (18 males and two females) underwent reconstruction of different facial defects using 20 forehead flaps. The complication occurred in one patient only. The remaining 19 patients showed no complications and passed an uneventful follow-up period. All the patients were fully satisfied. Conclusion: The forehead flap effectively addresses facial defects, likely offering optimal results with its excellent skin match in color, texture, and thickness. Despite the rising popularity of free flaps, the forehead flap remains a valid and secure choice, ensuring both aesthetic and functional success in covering facial defects.

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 2011

Background This report aims to describe the technique of using combined flaps for reconstruction of wide-range facial defects. Methods Two or more flaps were combined to repair wide-range facial wounds, complying with the principle of facial aesthetic subunits to maintain the inherent structural characteristics of the face, to design incision lines conforming to the natural facial contour lines (e.g., nasolabial fold, sulcus alaris, nasomaxillary suture, palpebral margin, vermilion border, hairline) or wrinkles, and to leave hidden incision lines if possible. There were 18 cases with excessively large facial defects requiring the use of a graft with local flaps. Results From April 1996 to May 2008, 124 patients had their wide-range facial defects repaired by combined flaps. The size of the defects ranged in size from 2.5 9 4 to 9 9 10 cm. The healing for all the patients was uneventful, and the flap survived completely without complications. After an average of 6 months (range, 1-48 months), 87 of the patients were available for follow-up evaluation. There was no recurrence of tumor. The repaired tissues were well matched with surrounding tissue in color, texture, and contour. Incision lines were sheltered, and there were no anatomic deformities of the eyelid, upper lip, or nasal ala.

ENT Updates, 2020

Objective: V-Y advancement flaps are pliable local flaps that can be used in nearly every part of the body with relatively minimal technical difficulty. These flaps provide the best color and quality match, especially in the facial region. With effective planning, donor site morbidity can be acceptable, even on the face. Methods: The results of 38 patients who underwent 53 V-Y advancement flap facial reconstructions were analyzed retrospectively. The defects were evaluated according to their anatomical region, etiology, postoperative complications, and final aesthetic results. Results: V-Y advancement flaps were used for defects that were either not amenable to primary repair or had a high risk of cosmetic distortion. The defects were located in the cheek (9 patients), nasolabial fold (7 patients), nose (6 patients), forehead (5 patients), preauricular area (3 patients), infraorbital region (3 patients), lower lip (1 patients), gingivobuccal sulcus (2 patients), and medial canthal region (2 patients). In 32 patients, the primary pathology was malignant tumor (22 basal cell carcinomas, 9 epidermoid carcinomas, 1 malignant eccrine poroma). Etiologies of the other patients' defects were benign tumors (n=2), traumatic wounds (n=2), and contractures (n=2). Conclusions: Despite the widespread use of V-Y flaps in surgical practice, the technique continues to demonstrate additional advantages, particularly in facial reconstruction. They are not only applicable for medium and small defects, but can be used for all defects with sufficient surrounding tissue. They enable various modifications and the elevation of multiple flaps.

European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2007

The sliding subcutaneous pedicle V-Y flap is an established method for reconstructing soft tissue defects of the face. The authors describe a modification utilising extension limbs that are closed together in a pincer-like fashion, recruiting skin lateral to the defect. The edges of the flap are curved to provide an element of rotation. A series of 15 consecutive patients who underwent this procedure were studied prospectively. The flap was found to be versatile and useful for defects up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Two flaps developed minor tip necrosis but healed satisfactorily. This flap is another useful addition to the armamentarium of the plastic surgeon and may be suited to situations when tissue laxity is less than would be ideal for a standard V-Y flap.

Background: Local facial flaps are frequently used reconstructive option and are carrying very good outcome as regard matching, texture, and less scarring. This study was designed retrospectively to evaluate the flap survival and aesthetic outcome of the three commonly used local facial flaps. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of 175 patients whom were managed by local fasciocutanous flap reconstruction using advancement flap, nasolabial flap, and forehead flap. Results: Total flap survivals. Of 80 patients of advancement flaps 8 showed flap edge dehiscence, but all healed conservatively. Of 10 flaps underwent transposition local flaps in the nose, no any flap shows dehiscence. Of 52 nasolabial flaps, 2 showed dehiscence and of 33 forehead flaps, one showed dehiscence. All flaps were survived without any complications and V-Y advancement flaps were carried out the best aesthetic outcome. Conclusion: Local face flaps for reconstruction of post malignancy facial defects are carrying a sensational survival, however advancement flap carries the best aesthetic outcome.