The Impact of Globalization in Developing Countries

Globalization or globalisation is the trend of increasing interaction between people or companies on a worldwide scale due to advances in transportation and communication technology, nominally beginning with the steamship and the telegraph in the early to mid-1800s. With increased interactions between nation-states and individuals came the growth of international trade, ideas, and culture. Globalization is primarily an economic process of integration that has social and cultural aspects, but conflicts and diplomacy are also large parts of the history of globalization. Economically, globalization involves goods and services, and the economic resources of capital, technology, and data. [1][2] The steam locomotive, steamship, jet engine, and container ships are some of the advances in the means of transport while the rise of the telegraph and its modern offspring, the Internet and mobile phones show development in telecommunications infrastructure. All of these improvements have been major factors in globalization and have generated further interdependence of economic and cultural activities. [3][4][5]

2008

Although in its simplistic sense globalization refers to the widening, deepening and speeding up of global interconnectedness, such a definition begs further elaboration. ... Globalization can be located on a continuum with the local, national and regional. At one end of the continuum lie social and economic relations and networks which are organized on a local and/or national basis; at the other end lie social and economic relations and networks which crystallize on the wider scale of regional and global interactions. Globalization can be taken to refer to those spatio-temporal processes of change which underpin a transformation in the organization of human affairs by linking together and expanding human activity across regions and continents. Without reference to such expansive spatial connections, there can be no clear or coherent formulation of this term. ... A satisfactory definition of globalization must capture each of these elements: extensity (stretching), intensity, veloci...

The term Globalization (or globalisation) refers to processes of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. [1][2] Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity theInternet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities. [3] Though several scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history long before the European age of discovery and voyages to the New World. Some even trace the origins to the third millennium BCE. [4][5]

The World Economy, 2007

A clear and precise definition of globalisation is crucial to advance contemporary knowledge and policy. When taken to mean intemationalisation, liberalisation, universalisation or westernisation, ideas of globalisation reveal little new. Important novel insight is opened when globalisation is understood as the spread of transplanetary -and in recent times also increasingly supraterritorial -connections between people. That said, this conception needs to be carefully qualified in order to avoid globalist excesses.

H. Piezonka / L. Käppel / A. Ricci (eds.) ROOTS of Routes: Mobility and Networks between the Past and the Future. ROOTS booklet series 2, 12-15, 2023

Is global exchange globalisation? Objects have always been passed on over long distances, but what does this mean? Historians, especially historians of economy, use the term ‘globalisation’ quite differently today: Is the early modern European expansion into Africa, America and Asia already to be understood as globalisation, or is only the imperialist seizure in the 19th century CE to be described as such? Was the 19th century CE perhaps even more globalised than the 21st century CE? Or can the expansion of the Roman Empire, or even the Empire of Alexander the Great, be understood as a globalisation process? What about the Persian Empire that preceded it?

Globalization is a multidimensional process of social change facilitated by technological advances that has compressed space and accelerated time ). This has resulted in an increase of global interconnectivity across time and space through the extension or stretching of social relations and also in an intensification of these social relations. Although globalisation is essentially a wide-ranging and integrated process, the following three main dimensions of this process are frequently discussed: economic, political and cultural. The extent and impact of globalisation on society is still under discussion, but three main theories of globalization have been identified: namely, traditionalism, globalism and transformationalism.

Globalisation is a multidimensional process which is present in many spheres and which is defined in many ways: it has developed with different degrees of intensity since the end of the 19th century and took on a particular importance in the closing decades of the 20th centur. Globalisation creates both opportunities and threats for its participants. One of the tendencies that has been getting stronger in the world for at least a quarter of a century is a progressive socio-economic differentiation and the splitting of the world into two separate blocks: the world of poverty and the world of riches. The social structure is undergoing changes. The distances between the individual segments of the market and those who are left outside the market are growing. The benefits from economic growth are not being spread equally.

2002

Knowledge of globalization is substantially a function of how the concept is defined. After tracing the history of 'global' vocabulary, this paper suggests several principles that should inform the way globality (the condition) and globalization (the trend) are defined. On this basis four common conceptions of the term are rejected in favour of a fifth that identifies globalization as the spread of transplanetary -and in recent times more particularly supraterritorial -connections between people. Half a dozen qualifications are incorporated into this definition to distinguish it from globalist exaggerations. 4 conceptualization of globalization as the spread of transplanetary and, in present times more specifically, supraterritorial social relations.

Recent years have had many changes and shifts, one of the largest shifts was towards Globalization. Globalization is the process of economies shifting into the global market. It has the concepts of Comparative and absolute advantage to its support. However with the specialization of labor and technological advancements, globalization has been adopted by many countries alike. This adaptation had not been analyzed, but with the recent events that unfold economically, scholars and economists have started to question the traditional beliefs and theories of globalization. Also as to how do globalization affects the world? The question has been sought to be answered by many modern economists such as the likes of Stieglitz and so forth. Many economists still defend globalization, and the contrary raises questions on the developing or the under developed countries, countries like Uganda or Ethiopia have shown growth and developments but it has been of little significance. The other aspect of the critiques on globalization is that it helps not only the elite but imposes a corporate culture that is trying to be universalized. Organizations that are operating on the global scale such as the IMF or World Bank have policies that imposes its own rights in other economies by persuading them to shift to free liberalized economies. However there are arguments supporting globalization as well as to how a global culture reduces violence and paves way for cultural and ethnic tolerance, allows countries to specialize and etc. Moreover as to whether there is no link between corruption and market system or developmental failure, and that the globalization itself does not have flaws but the way it is implanted is flawed. Such is the case of Globalization as it affects socio-political, ethnic and cultural values and much more. All these aspects are taken into detailed consideration and the discussion is formed