Design and Development of a PC based ECG Equipment

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics, 2013

ECG equipment is vital for diagnosis of cardiac problems. However, such equipment come from the rich Western countries at a huge cost in both procurement and maintenance, and therefore cannot offer services to a large population in the Third World countries. The only solution is to design and develop such equipment in individual countries by developing local expertise. With three decades of experience, the Dhaka University group has taken a step towards developing prototypes of ECG equipment for dissemination to the healthcare service providers. This paper presents the detailed design of an PC based ECG equipment where optimized choice of components and of the design have been made keeping the cost and maintenance in view, but not sacrificing the quality, and incorporating necessary safety features to protect the patient from known hazards. Both the hardware and the software have been developed locally and are detailed in this paper. Outputs obtained from human subjects are shown wh...

AL-Rafdain Engineering Journal (AREJ)

An Electro-Cardio-Graph (ECG) is a device that records the electrical activity of the heart. Skin electrodes placed at designated locations on the body collect ECG measurement information, and from these waveforms different information on heart condition can be derived. This paper discusses the design and implementation of a single-channel ECG (three-electrode) circuit with a bandwidth of (0.5-100) Hz for patient monitoring purposes. The front end of an ECG must be able to deal with weak signals ranging from few microvolts to few millivolts. An analogue ECG amplifier is designed and implemented using instrumentation amplifier (IA) followed by band pass filter (BPF), then by notch filter (NF) to minimize noise affecting the signal, and a right leg drive circuit (RLDC).. The ECG data is recorded and analyzed with greater flexibility using personal computer. The (ALS 4000) PC-sound card is used as a data acquisition device. The Matlab program (version 6.5) is employed to acquire data from sound card then digitally processing the signal in order to display the ECG signal on a PC monitor.

2017

In this paper, a low cost and simple portable PC based ECG monitoring system was presented. The main aim of this project is to implement a simple ECG monitoring system in laboratory conditions using components available in the local market. Normally, in twelve leads ECG, Lead-2 offers the most valuable information to diagnose the heart condition. In this project, Lead-2 is implemented in hardware together with computer interfacing. Twelve leads machine can be made simply using the same circuit twelve times for each lead or time division multiplexing with corresponding increase in complicacy. The electrical signal obtained and processed from circuit was fed to sound card of the computer through audio port and then, signals were shown using built-in virtual oscilloscope of MATLAB named soft scope. The detailed circuit development, noise reduction, filtering and installation, as well as the results, are presented.

MATEC Web of Conferences

Electrocardiograph (ECG) monitoring system is one of the diagnostic tools which can help in reduce the risk of heart attack. A cardiologist may be able to determine heart condition from the ECG signal that recorded from subject. The purpose was to design an ECG monitoring system which consists of ECG circuit and digital signal processing system to deny the unwanted signal. In general, the ECG signal is nature weak and only around 1mV amplitude. Therefore filter and amplifier circuits were designed into 3 stages with a total gain of 1000 to bring the signal to around 1V. Circuit designed included of instrumentation amplifier, bandpass filter and notch filter. The frequency bandwidth of ECG is between 0.05Hz until 100Hz. Schematic circuit was tested by software simulation before proceeding to hardware implementation. Simulation analysis was done by using Software Proteus 8 Professional while the further signal processing was done in MATLAB software environment. A PQRST ECG waveform ca...

2006

The research is to design and develop a PC-Based ECG monitoring system for telemedicine. The system should be capable of acquiring and storing patient's ECG signal and later transfer it to a remote site. This project is concentrating on the data acquisition system, which consists of both hardware and software development. The hardware development includes sensor, amplifier and filter circuits, while the software development includes a Graphical User Interface to display patient's ECG waveform and to calculate patient's heartbeat rate. The developed system is able to acquire and display patient's ECG signal on the PC through a data acquisition card. The data collected will then used for further analysis and transmitted to a remote terminal through the telemedicine network. This project is a step towards reaching that ultimate goal of the complete fusion of healthcare, the Internet, and the home. Although this study attempts to track patient cardiac data, similar modified techniques could be used to monitor other bodily variables such as temperature, blood-sugar content, breathing patterns, weights and lipid levels.

2008

The biomedical topic that attracted the early interest of engineers is that of electrocardiography. It is the most useful noninvasive medical diagnostic tests and is in very wide use (an estimated 200 million ECG s taken each year). Its technological challenge is to improve performance by increasing the number of simultaneously recorded signal, raising the signal to noise ratio. The increase in data acquisition rate also provides new challenges in the design of recording systems including the application of methods of data compression. The electrocardiogram has the considerable diagnostic significance, and applications of ECG monitoring are diverse and in wide use. Different types of noise due do which ECG gets corrupted. The various noise types considered were 50Hz power line interference, base line drift due to respiration, abrupt base line shifts, and a composite noise constructed from all of the other noise types. Different digital filter structures are presented in the paper to eliminate these diverse forms of noise sources and their performance is discussed with reference to efficiency, distortion of the signal. The ECG signals used in this study were obtained by designing twelve lead instrumentation amplifier. The design system leads to prototype device for the ECG. To remove low frequency and Power line interference in the ECG signal, digital filter based on least mean squares has been implemented and presented in the paper.

2021

Measurement of biosignals such as electrocardiograph has the interpretation of noise from other signals. The noise can interfere with the measurement of the heart signal and make the measurement inaccurate, so the purpose of this study is to make a 6-Lead Electrocardiogram module with an Arduino-Based Digital Filter. By using a digital filter. The contribution of this research is the use of digital filters to eliminate noise in electrocardiograph signals. This research uses Infinite Impulse Filter digital filters such as Butterworth, Chebyshev I, Chebyshev II, and Elliptic in order 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The study was conducted by providing input from the Function Generator on Arduino which has been applied digital filters with Frequency with 0.5Hz – 100Hz cut-off. The instrument is compared with a factory electrocardiograph. Filter measurements using 460 input data. Butterworth filter with the greatest emphasis on order 8 frequency 0.5Hz produces an emphasis of -5.74298158 dB and a fr...

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014

This paper provides electronic implementation of electrocardiograph (ECG) circuit by using instrumentation amplifier (IA) as bio-potential amplifier in such a manner which reduces noise, common voltage, DC offset value and RF interference from the existing circuit.Noise and common voltage can be removed from ECG using driven right leg circuit or by using isolator circuit. DC offset can be removed by using integrator as feedback. In the differential amplifier part of IA, we can add single resistance, T-network or inverter circuit with integrator to improve impulse response. By using filters, we can reduce RF interference. In this paper, we have used instrumentation amplifier as a bio-potential amplifier

The paper describes the development of a low cost and simple amplifier circuit for ECG acquisition from a single lead. The acquisition circuit uses clip-type flat metal plate limb electrodes to sense the heart signals and a basic amplifier circuit is designed using JFET OP-AMP IC LF-353 with the required gain to suitably amplify the signal. The amplified data fed into a computer using USB-6009 is then denoised, processed and displayed using LabVIEW software. The developed ECG acquisition module is evaluated by visual comparison of simultaneously recorded data acquired by the module with and by the MP-150 amplifier system from BIOPAC Systems Inc. Tests have been performed in the laboratory on several volunteers in the age group of 28-60 and the results were quiet satisfactory.

International Journal of Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2017

ECG biosignal conditioning (BC) is critical because it directly affects measurement accuracy, reliability, and repeatability. It also presents a great challenge due to the small amplitude of ECG raw signals and their ease of corruption with noise and other disturbances. This paper describes how an ECG biosignal conditioning circuitry was designed, built, and tested. The circuit consists of an instrument amplifier (AD8220), a 1st-order active high-pass filter (containing a MCP6271 op-amp and a RC filter in Sallen-Key configuration), a 5th-order active Bessel low-pass filter (consisting of a 1st-order LPF and two 2nd-order Sallen-Key filters), and a Twin-T active notch filter (combining two "T" shape RC filters with a MCP6271 op-amp). A right leg drive circuit was added in order to cancel the common-mode signal between the left and right arm electrodes. A power supply circuit provides a ±5V DC source for the system using two 9V batteries and two voltage regulators (NTE977 regulates +9V power supply to +5V; NTE1917 regulates-9V supply to-5V). Data acquisition and sampling were performed using a USB6009 module with a built-in A/D converter. Testing of a real electrocardiogram from a human subject was performed on the designed BC circuit, which has indicated that the developed BC circuitry can preserve useful ECG information while removing unwanted noise and interference components.