The Clergy in the France of St. Vincent

Renaissance and Reformation/ …, 1990

L'intérêt parle toutes sortes de langages, et joue toutes sortes de personnages, même celui de désintéressé. (François de la Rochefoucauld [1613][1614][1615][1616][1617][1618], grandnephew of the Cardinal, maxime # 39) This maxim of the famous grand-nephew of the Cardinal de la Rochefoucauld would serve well as an introductory motto for Professor Bergin 's book on the Cardinal (1558-1645), who was a leader of the church and a reformer of the regular clergy in France. Joseph Bergin states in the introduction: Genuine reform 'in head and members' of a church dominated at almost every level by vested interests embedded in an archaic benefice-system would have had to have been revolutionary to be wholly successful, and there was nothing revolutionary about the Counter-Reformation church, (p.2) The Cardinal had actually to struggle against a tight network of benefice-interests of clergy, nobility and crown which sabotaged to a large extent his lifelong attempts at reform of the clergy in general and the monastic orders in particular. Bergin uncovers in his extremely well documented study a little known aspect of French church history of the first half of the seventeenth century. In chapters one to five he describes the Cardinal's education and career, paying close attention to their political context. The following five chapters describe the Cardinal's activities as papal commissioner for the reform of the monastic orders in France and his ongoing fight against anti-reformist interests.

2009

Vincentian Heritage Journal, 1989

both past and present, have described how Anne of Austria, the queen regent of France, appointed the founder of the Congregation of the Mission to the Council of Conscience and thus put him in a position to have an influence on the naming of bishops. Without making any claim to utilizing new material, much less exhausting the subject, I would like to clarify the matter somewhat. In this regard Pierre Coste has written: Thanks to Saint Vincent, many dioceses were governed by pastors animated with an apostolic zeal that formed a striking contrast with the worldliness of their seniors in the episcopacy. Let it suffice to name Lescot, of Chartres; Perrochel, of Boulogne; Caulet, of Pamiers; Habert, of Vabres; Bassompierre, of Oloron and then of Saintes; Liverdi, of Treguier; Sevin, of Sarlat and then of Cahors; Bosquet, of Lodève and then of Montpellier, and Brandom, of Perigueux.' This assertion for the most part is justified. Unfortunately it lacks any reference or source and was apparently inspired by some older biographies. It seems a bit rash to attribute the promotion of Doctor Jacques Lescot, Cardinal Richelieu's confessor, to the influence of Monsieur Vincent. In addition, the contrast between the apostolic zeal of the protégés of Vincent de Paul and the worldliness of their predecessors is quite typical of a hagiographic style intent on exalting its hero by

Signed on July 15, 1801, the Concordat between France and the papacy was the fruit of seven long months of difficult negotiations. But the final agreement did not put an end to the difficulties facing the French Church, for the hard work of reconstruction had just begun. How could the state put a Catholic Church ruined by 10 years of revolutionary upheaval back on its feet? What clergy were available and what were their sentiments toward the new agreement? Could the government rely on them to support its policy of reconciliation as well as the restoration of Catholicism? These concerns were addressed less than a week after the Concordat when the interior minister Chaptal ordered the prefects to conduct a confidential investigation of the priests in their departments to see which" merited the confidence of the government." 1 The instructions were vague and left a number of prefects perplexed as to the intentions of the government. While most of them sent lists with only a dozen names of priests capable of filling the highest positions in a newly organized Church, around 30 prefects, not wanting to take upon themselves the responsibility of selection, presented complete lists of the clergy in their department. The lists of clergy were either ranked by merit or accompanied by more or less detailed commentary on each priest, allowing the government to use this secret information as it wished.

2000

Papers Read at the 15th Meeting of the IMS Study Group 'Cantus Planus', Dobogókö/Hungary, 2009, Aug.23-29; eds. Barbara Haggh-Huglo & Debra Lacoste, 2013

Vincent of Saragossa was the first Spanish martyr. A deacon under bishop Valerius of Saragossa, Vincent was martyred at Valencia on 22 January in 304; he underwent a considerable series of tortures, including the gridiron, which are first described by the poet Prudentius (348-405) in his Peristephanon. Vincent's contemporary, St Augustine (354-430), mentioned him in a number of sermons, and attests that there is no Roman province where his cult is not found. 1 Indeed, Vincent's cult spread throughout Europe early on and was widespread, but liturgical material for him is not necessarily found in every antiphoner or gradual. An early Hispanic office in honor of Vincent is preserved in the antiphoner of León. 2 Possibly as a consequence of the suppression of the Hispanic rite by the Roman rite in 1085, a new prose office Sacram presentis diei, named after the first responsory of Matins, was introduced in Spanish and Aquitanian sources, as well as in other regions of Europe. The earliest complete sources in which the Vincent office is preserved are the eleventh-century antiphoners presently kept in Toledo, Chapter Library, Mss. 44.1 and 44.2. Two other South European sources, the antiphoners of Marseille and Florence, date from the twelfth century. Sources from Northern Europe date from the twelfth

Proceedings of the 2022 3rd International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development (MHEHD 2022)

Medieval Europe is a period full of mysteries. Many elements in Europe changed during that specific period, like the cities, the farms, the different rules in the government, and the limitations of kings as Christians, etc. What attracts me most is the saints in the Medieval Europe, they were the people who enabled people to pay attention to Christianity, their spirits were sacred and pure, they were brave and loyal to the God. This paper will talk about saint in medieval Europe by taking Francis as an example

French Historical Studies, 1993

The Catholic Reformation in France has been the subject of many studies during t!lepast twenty years. 1 II is becoming increasingly apparent that agreement is lacking on when this Reformation began and what the state of the French church actually was during that time.~Because almost everyone in early modern France Jived in rural areas, these questions cannot be answered without a thorough understanding of the rural clergy and their p.:,rishioncrs. Recently the publication of a repertoire of pastoral visits has opened up the possibility of studying the parish clergy of France. 4 To dale, sevcm] 1 Originally published in Frt'lCh Hi$llJfUQI St"dlL$, Volunw 18.1, pp. 145-1n. Copyright, 1993, the Society of Fn'llch HisloricalStudies. All rights reser,.t'd. U~by pemllssion 0(lhe publisher, Duke Uni\'ersity Press. , The works of JC3n Delul1'll/'ilu ha\'e~Il Influential-espedally 11 CIltholU:lSrM~,,'rL uth<7'rl Voltilirr (Paris, 1971, 2nd ed., 1978). Among other important books, in addition to those listed ill footnotes 2 and 4, an: A.N. Galpern, 1"/J(R£/igiolls uf the Propk ill SlXh'l'lllh-Ctrl1IH'y (lulmpas"c (Cambridge, M'ISS., 1976); Petcr Burke, PO/IU/M Cul/ure in cmly Modern Europl'

Comparative Studies in Society and History, 1991