Rashed uz zaman

This paper includes the analysis of the historical background of religious fundamentalism and extremist activities going on inside the country during the recent past. The main aim of this assignment is to provide an empirical understanding of the continued expansion of religious fundamentalism in Bangladesh. The paper includes the history of extremist militancy in the country with their diversified nature of assaults committed to obstruct the peaceful existence of Bangladesh in a very formidable manner. The international connections and links along with the many international pressures on Bangladesh to combat the problem of terrorist activities has also been included at the heart of the assignment. This paper critically examines the nature and reasons behind the various terrorist attacks over the last two decades. The political affiliation of the various terrorist groups has also been analyzed in the paper very briefly. As a rapid growing economy, Bangladesh is also engaging itself in financing terrorism in the region which has been included in the analysis provided in the paper.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2021

The purpose of the study is to find out how politics of Bangladesh is fueling the terrorist activities and the spread of terrorism in Bangladesh. We are experiencing different types of crime such as violent crimes, property crimes, victimless crimes, transnational and organized crimes, etc. In this fast world, we see terrorist activities and the rise of terrorism have impacted geo-politics, global economy as well as the lifestyles of people. For these reasons, the authors want to learn and analyze the current trend of terrorism and how politics play a role in rising terrorist activities in Bangladesh. In doing those, they adopted qualitative method and purposive sampling technique to scrutinize the data. They have found that the politics are playing an in-depth role and acting like vital organs of rising terrorism in Bangladesh.

2019

This paper explores whether Bangladesh could potentially become a future source of Jihadi manpower alongside the possible ramifications on other nations in the South Asian region. In order to assess the evolving threat posed by rising Islamist violence, this paper begins by outlining the Islamist terrorist milieu in Bangladesh by briefly describing both local and transnational Jihadist groups that are currently operational in the country. Thereafter, the paper explores the current demography of terrorist recruits in Bangladesh, underlining the role of social media in facilitating the process of radicalization. This is followed by an overview of the current counter-terrorism initiatives undertaken by the government, followed by an observation of how the deepening political polarization has facilitated the blossoming of Islamist terrorist groups within the nation. To end with, the paper analyses the wider ramifications of religious fundamentalism for both Bangladesh and the region of South Asian.

South Asia is one of the notable regions facing the threat of terrorism and the pros and cons of terrorism become a leading talked issue since it is crafting the barricade of national progress. It originated in Europe-American region. The main intent of the study is to explore the development of terrorism in Bangladesh. In a South Asian region, terrorism in Bangladesh is originated by the revolutions of Bengalis to free from British colonial rules. Terrorism turned into leftwing terrorist activities during liberation. After liberation, it turned to Islamic militancy, religious, political & ethnic terrorism. Terrorist groups like leftwing, rightwing, religious, and ethnic terrorist groups are belonging in our country. The Harkat-ul-jihad-al-Islami-bangladesh, Jamaat-ul-mujahideen bangladesh (JMB) Hizbut touhid, Islami biplobi porisod, Jagrata muslim janata, Purba bangla communist party are most prominent terrorist groups in Bangladesh. This study is a tiny endeavor to address the historical ancestry of terrorism in Bangladesh and try to figure out the developments of terrorism in different governing and political state of affairs on the basis of secondary sources.

Since September the 11 th , 2001, terrorism has received renewed attention and study from the media, publics and scholars alike. While voluminous journalistic writings and some empirical research exists on the causes and structures of terrorism, comparatively little research has thoroughly explored the political and social impacts of terrorism and the responses societies and states have to terrorism. Conventional wisdom suggests that terrorism is born of political and economic grievance in poor, quasiauthoritarian states. Indeed, a large number of terrorist attacks are within developing nations. However, the relationship between structural conditions and terror may be more complicated. What if terrorism contributes to political and social disruption, which in turn leads to even more grievances that inspire further campaigns of political violence? In other words, does terrorism breed the very conditions that encourage insurgency in the first place, leading to a downward spiral of conflict and grievance thereby worsening the plight developing nations find themselves in?

Journal of South Asian Studies, 2015

As posterior implications of 9/11 attack, like different corners of the globe, external terrorist networks and their ideologues planned to expand number of foreign networks through consolidation of scattered members and later on, radicalization of local groups. We found that regional non-state actors and ideological components, found in Bangladesh fuel these networks escalate. Since then, South Asian Country, Bangladesh most often suffers dimensional consequences and an uncertainty of being terror-hub of the territory, even being of weaker state-function. The paper shows how internal and external ingredients endorse extremist or terrorist upheaval in Bangladesh. Moreover, it explains the scope and the way how economic status-extreme poverty along with terror-financing radicalize unemployed youth; religious scriptures are misinterpreted in favor of subversive operations and visualize them a state of heavenly rewards aftermath of their earthy lives. The primary objectives of the work include a neutral research work. Since long decades, the issues tend to remain polarized and biased of ideo-political nature (bipolarized ideologies in politics) in the predominantly Muslim state of Bangladesh. The paper incorporates analyses of current government's exemplary model (2009 to present, 2014) combating Islamist extremism bringing about major successes, also sectarian critiques as well. This research paper also prescribes specific policy recommendations for any circumstance of probable terror infestations or any potential 'failed state' consequence resulting in any spillover effect in South Asia.

A fundamental problem in social and political sciences is how to explain the root causes of terrorism. The vast literature has analyzed several determinants of terrorism. However, the precise role of demographic factors for the origin and evolution of terrorism in specific geoeconomic areas is hardly known. Results here show that population growth of the Middle East seems to be basic for the source and evolution of terrorism. This study found that terrorism thrives in specific cultural zones with high growth rates of population combined with collective identity factors and low socioeconomic development. In particular, the finding here shows that the high growth rates of population in the Middle East, combined with acute environmental and socioeconomic stressors, can lead to cultural deviance, frustration and anger of individuals, and terrorism as a result. Overall, then, the main aim of this study is to clarify and generalize whenever possible, the demographic source of the terrorism and suggest appropriate socioeconomic policies of conflict resolution directed to preempt this critical problem in society over the long run.

Journal for Deradicalization, 2016

Islamist militancy and terrorism, a major sociopolitical issue of Bangladesh today, has largely remained under-researched. This paper mainly explores the forms and ecologies of Islamist militancy and terrorism based on the content analysis of media reports and interviews with some experts in Bangladesh. Ecologies, in this paper, refer to the multiple interrelated and interdependent environments: social, political, and religious, that foster, germinate and nurture the growth of militancy and terrorism. Despite Bangladesh being globally identified as a moderate Muslim country located in South Asia, Islamist radicalization, extremism and militancy have become a major concern since the incidence of nationwide serial bomb blasts in 2005. Although an estimation of the group operatives may not be possible because these groups change names or members change groups from time to time, the presence of seventy Islamist militant outfits with thousands of militant members was identified during 1...

IAR Consortium, 2021

Terrorism has remained one of the gravest threats to contemporary global advancement and sustainable development. No meaningful development can be achieved in societies beset by conflicts. In many contemporary societies, attained developmental gains have been reversed by upheavals and years of conflicts. The level of global insecurity has in recent times been accentuated by dimension of the conflicts in Syria, Yemen, Libya, and Iraq. The environment of the failed state of Somalia has indeed become very important in any discourse of currency regarding global security/insecurity architecture. The collapse of the Somali state over three decades ago left in its wake an ungoverned environment which has been exploited by the international Islamist Organizations to develop a "viable" terrorist hub in the Horn of Africa. The alliance of the local Somali Islamists, the al-Shabaab, with the al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and the ISIS increased the security profile of Somalia. The Libyan domestic conflict also escalated the Boko Haram insurgency in the Lake Chad Basin and throw up a strong and very connected Islamic State in West Africa Province. The linkage of al-Shabaab with the Islamist insurgency in Nigeria, and the upheaval in Yemen has rekindled global attention to the increased attention to the study of Terrorism. It is in this light that this paper devotes itself to going back to the basics in the study of terrorism: the definition, origin, causes and trends. It is the contention of this paper that a good understanding of these perspective will present veritable instruments in the efforts at dealing with Global Terrorism.