The Use of Information Technology in Electoral Systems

From the 1970s, the world has been undergoing the so-called “digital revolution” generally understood as the change from the me chanical and electronic technologies to the high tech, digital ones. The role of ICT has so gained in importance that some theoreticians of democracy speak of the necessity of paradigm changing as regards both the understanding of a democratic system and introdu-cing the notion of electronic democracy (e-democracy). The aim of this text is analyzing the electronic voting (e-voting) as one of important forms of electronic democracy. The article attempts at approaching several research questions. First, what is the impact of ICT on voting procedures? Secondly, what is the essence of electronic voting and what are its main features? Finally, what are the advantages and fears related to e-voting systems? This paper gives a theoretical overview of the electronic democracy and electronic voting, and demonstrates their essence, characteristics, goals. The author tries to present and critically assess the main drawbacks and problems of the existing e-voting systems. The theoretical considerations framework is based mainly on the concept of electronic democracy created by Martin Hagen. With reference to electronic voting, the author of this article uses definitions as given either by the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, or the Competence Center for Electronic Voting and Participation. She also uses definitions constructed by Andrzej Kaczmarczyk, an e-voting expert.

Elections and voting are fundamental to any consensus-based society. They are one of the most critical functions of democracy. There are a number of voting systems adopted all over the world with each of them having its peculiar problems. The manual voting system still appears prominent among the developed and developing nations, but with considerations being given to an electronic alternative with a view to showing most of the short comings. Furthermore, with the increased interest and attention on e-government, e-democracy and e-governance, e-voting initiatives have gained more significance. Thus, many countries are piloting with various e-voting models and systems in order to enable voting from anywhere; also, international organisations are developing standards and recommendations in this area. This paper details a review of the underlying concepts of e-voting and discusses some of the salient issues on the subject. Also, a review of common e-voting models, existing elections schemes and explanation of the usual terminologies associated with e-voting were presented.

Polish Political Science Review, 2014

The use of information and communication technology in electoral processes has become commonplace, being seen simply as another tool in the hands of policy-makers to improve the quality and effectiveness of public policy and representation. There have been diverse experiences in this area, and the instances in which ICT has been used in the mentioned processes differ. This article analyses and evaluates systematically, for the first time in literature, the incorporation of ICT when voting from abroad, paying attention to the practices of some of those countries that have implemented these technologies in one way or another, into their voting processes. Hence, by introducing the Electronic Voting From Abroad Index, this paper observes at which phase of the process the technology is being used and how this vary from country to country.

2021

This study is summarized in showing the role of modern means of technology and communication and their effect on developing the electoral process where through it we dealt a new concept which is the digital democracy as a major entry to the electronic voting. We realized that the modern means of technology and communication will perform a serious role in forming a new and modern election law that keeps pace with the informational and technical leap that the world witnesses and led to a radical change in many common concepts such as democracy, digital citizenship and replacing paper and ballot boxeswith the idea of electronic voting providing to surround it with insurances that some of them related to legal texts which strengthen it and others related to informational security and culture to reinforce trust of all in the new image of the traditional voting.

In India, Information and Communication technologies (ICT) are being increasingly deployed in almost each sector of economy including agriculture, health, transportation, and education. But when we analyze the Indian Election Voting Scenario, it is realized that the ICT has not been exploited to its fullest extent. Recently, the Election Commission of India (ECI) has introduced few ICT-enabled initiatives, but the application of advanced ICT technologies needs to be promoted in Indian Election Voting System. In this paper, we propose E-Voting System to provide for an additional channel of voting to the Indian electorate. Further, this paper proposes the deployment model "Integrated Election Voting System" that leverages ICT technologies to integrate the existing Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) System with the proposed E-Voting System to provide a solution to the problem of low voting percentages among the Indian electorate. In addition, this paper includes results of simulations carried out to evaluate the E-Voting System. Also, the paper elaborates on the components of the proposed model, besides discussing the challenges faced by E-Voting Systems and the advantages offered by the proposed model.

Journal Equitable, 2022

Along with technological advances, there is a discourse about to use of a technology-based electoral system. Indonesia's geographical condition, which is not yet in all regions ready to hold technology-based elections, encourages integration between the E-Voting system and Sirekap. This research has 3 (three) problems, namely (1) the urgency of the e-voting and Sirekap system in the 2024 general election, (2) the advantages and disadvantages of the e-voting and Sirekap system, and (3) efforts to integrate the evoting and Sirekap system. in the administration of democratic elections. This study uses a juridicalnormative method through a statutory approach and a descriptive-analytical analysis method. The results of this study state that the urgency of the need for the integration of the e-voting systems, among others, is that these two systems are considered capable of realizing accountability and transparency of vote counting during simultaneous elections. and Sirekap the process of sending ballots, while the weakness of these two systems is the uneven distribution of the internet network throughout Indonesia so that it can hinder the implementation of this electronic-based election. Efforts to integrate the e-voting and Sirekap systems are by combining these two systems based on the needs of each region so as to encourage the implementation of the 2024 simultaneous elections to run effectively, efficiently, and democratically.

Knowledge is power, as is popularly said, and lack of knowledge of the electoral process of one's nation makes one a subject, rather than citizen. What makes the difference between citizens and subjects is the type and volume of information possessed. This paper discusses the electoral process in Nigeria in relation to the principal actors in the process, namely, the electorates, the political players, the electoral body, the Judiciary and the Government. They roles of each principal actor are highlighted. The current state of awareness of the electoral process in Nigeria is explained as well as factors leading to this state. Information Technology and its growth in Nigeria are reviewed. The Methodology for creating people's awareness towards the electoral process in Nigeria is proposed and evaluated. The challenges facing the advancement of Information Technology in the country are enumerated and a conclusion is drawn.

Using electronic voting systems is divisive as some countries used such systems and others did not. Electronic voting (e-voting) is relatively a new concept based on its application that aims at reducing errors and improving the convenience and integrity of election process. This paper tried to explore the factors that influence the adoption of such systems in a university environment. The study utilized a sample of 302 bachelor degree students in a public Jordanian university and in relation to students' council election process. Results indicated that students were keen on the concepts of trust and usefulness of e-voting when adopting such systems. The study supported the findings of TAM in the area of technology acceptance. Conclusions are at the end of this paper.

EIIC 2014. The 3rd Electronic International Interdisciplinary Conference, Proceedings in Electronic International Interdisciplinary Conference, eds. M. Mokrys, S. Badura, A. Lieskovsky, EDIS – Publishing Institution of the University of Zilina, Slovakia, ss. 311-315, ISSN 978-80-554-0921-4., 2014

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) constitute a crucial element of globalisation and computerization processes. ICT are not exclusively present in the economy, entertainment, trade or banking, but they are also used in politics or social area. Public institutions employ ICT (particularly the Internet) for informational and educational purposes as well as for improving the efficiency of state institutions and bodies. With the availability of new (apart from traditional) forms of participation, such as e.g. electronic community consultations, electronic people's initiatives, participatory budgeting, e-voting, the citizens are offered the possibility to increase their activity on the political scene and their real influence on the decision-making process. It’s due to the fact that modern technologies can improve the interactions occurring between voters and political institutions, political parties, or politicians. One of such interaction is the process of voting, which in some countries is supported by ICT (e-voting). This article aims primarily at providing answers for questions: about the most important problems connected with introduction of this more and more popular way of civic participation in politics and with the use of e-voting in general elections, as well as about the most crucial and most frequent uncertainties that e-voting implies.