Simulated annealing technique to design minimum cost exchanger

Owing to the wide utilization of heat exchangers in industrial processes, their cost minimization is an important target for both designers and users. Traditional design approaches are based on iterative procedures which gradually change design parameters until a satisfying solution, which meets the design specifications, is reached. However, such methods, besides being time consuming, do not guarantee the reach of an economically optimal solution. In this paper a procedure for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers is proposed, which utilizes a genetic algorithm to minimize the total cost of the equipment including capital investment and the sum of discounted annual energy expenditures related to pumping. In order to verify the capability of the proposed method, three case studies are also presented showing that significant cost reductions are feasible with respect to traditionally designed exchangers. In particular, in the examined cases a reduction of total costs up to more than 50% was observed.

This paper presents a study about the design optimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The formulated problem consists of the minimization of the thermal surface area for a certain service, involving discrete decision variables. Additional constraints represent geometrical features and velocity conditions which must be complied in order to reach a more realistic solution for the process task. The optimization algorithm is based on a search along the tube count table where the established constraints and the investigated design candidates are employed to eliminate nonoptimal alternatives, thus reducing the number of rating runs executed. The performance of the algorithm and its individual components are explored through two design examples. The obtained results illustrate the capacity of the proposed approach to direct the optimization towards more effective designs, considering important limitations usually ignored in the literature.

Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2006

Cost minimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers is a key objective. Traditional design approaches besides being time consuming, do not guarantee the reach of an economically optimal solution. So, in this research, a new shell and tube heat exchanger optimization design approach is developed based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The ICA algorithm has some good features in reaching to the global minimum in comparison to other evolutionary algorithms. In present study, ICA technique has been applied to minimize the total cost of the equipment including capital investment and the sum of discounted annual energy expenditures related to pumping of shell and tube heat exchanger by varying various design variables such as tube length, tube outer diameter, pitch size and baffle spacing. Based on proposed method, a full computer code was developed for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers and different test cases are solved by it to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Finally the results are compared to those obtained by literature approaches. The obtained results indicate that the ICA algorithm can be successfully applied for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers with higher accuracy in less computational time.

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013

In this paper, a multiobjective optimization of the heat transfer area and pumping power of a shell-andtube heat exchanger is presented to provide the designer with multiple Pareto-optimal solutions which capture the trade-off between the two objectives. Nine decision variables were considered: tube layout pattern, number of tube passes, baffle spacing, baffle cut, tube-to-baffle diametrical clearance, shell-tobaffle diametrical clearance, tube length, tube outer diameter, and tube wall thickness. The optimization was performed using the fast and elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) available in the multiobjective genetic algorithm module of MATLAB Ò. In order to verify the improvements in design that the method offers, two case studies from the open literature are presented. The results show that for both case studies, better values of the two objective functions can be obtained than the ones previously published. In addition, NSGA-II provides a Pareto front with a wider range of optimal decision variables. Ranking the Pareto-optimal solutions using a simple cost function shows that the costs for optimal design are lower than those reported in the literature for both case studies. The algorithm was also used to determine the impact of using continuous values of the tube length, diameter and thickness rather than using discrete standard industrial values to obtain the optimal heat transfer area and pumping power. Results show that using continuous values of these three decision variables only leads to marginally improved performance compared to discrete values.

— The literature has different implementations and results for the mono-objective and multiobjective optimization of the shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE), most of them using evolutionary computation. However, there is a gap to find the optimal solution of this problem through direct search methods (numerical optimization).

Heat Analysis and Thermodynamic Effects, 2011

The model for the design of the optimum shell and tube equipment considers the objective function as the minimum cost including exchange area cost and pumping cost, rigorously following the Standards of TEMA and respecting the pressure drop and fouling limits. Parameters are: T in (inlet temperature), T out (outlet temperature), m (mass flowrate),  (density), Cp (heat capacity),  (viscosity), k (thermal conductivity), P (pressure drop), rd (fouling factor) and area cost data. The variables are tube inside diameter (d in ), tube outside diameter (d ex ), tube arrangement (arr), tube pitch (pt), tube length (L), number of tube passes (N tp ) and number of tubes (N t ), the external shell diameter (Ds), the tube bundle diameter (D otl ), number of baffles (N b ), baffles cut (l c ) and baffles spacing (l s ), heat exchange area (A), tube-side and shell-side film coefficients (h t and h s ), dirty and clean global heat transfer

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2020

https://www.ijert.org/sequential-quadratic-programming-algorithm-based-optimization-of-shell-and-tube-type-heat-exchangers https://www.ijert.org/research/sequential-quadratic-programming-algorithm-based-optimization-of-shell-and-tube-type-heat-exchangers-IJERTCONV8IS10057.pdf Shell and Tube type heat exchangers are having special importance in boilers, oil coolers, condensers and pre-heaters. These are also widely used in process applications as well as the refrigeration and air conditioning industry. The robustness and medium weighted shape of Shell and Tube type heat exchangers make them well suited for high pressure operations. The basic configuration, the thermal analysis and design of such exchangers form an included part of the mechanical, thermal and chemical engineering scholars for their curriculum and research activity. Traditional design approaches using graph sheets are time consuming, these may not considered all the variables and constraints simultaneously. On the other hand some new evolutionary algorithms viz. Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle swarm optimization(PSO),Imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) are not simple to understand by every designer and are not easy to be implemented. Therefore, in present work, a new shell and tube heat exchanger optimization design approach is discussed based on sequential quadratic programming (SQP). The SQP algorithm has some good features in reaching to the global minimum in comparison to other evolutionary algorithms. In present study, SQP technique has been applied to minimize the total cost which includes capital investment and total discounted operating cost. The design variables considered in the present work are tube outer diameter, shell diameter and baffle spacing. A matlab code is developed based on SQP for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers. The different test cases are solved using code to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The results using developed code are compared to those obtained from previous literatures. It is found that the SQP algorithm is simple and it can be successfully applied for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers with higher accuracy.

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2012

Heat exchangers are widely used in the process engineering such as the chemical industries, the petroleum industries, and the HVAC applications etc. An optimally designed heat exchanger cannot only help the optimization of the equipment size but also the reduction of the power consumption. In this paper, a new optimization approach called algorithms of changes (AOC) is proposed for design and optimization of the shell-tube heat exchanger. This new optimization technique is developed based on the concept of the book of changes (I Ching) which is one of the oldest Chinese classic texts. In AOC, the hexagram operations in I Ching are generalized to binary string case and an iterative process, which imitates the I Ching inference, is defined. Before applying the AOC to the heat exchanger design problem, the new optimization method is examined by the benchmark optimization problems such as the global optimization test functions and the travelling salesman problem (TSP). Based on the TSP results, the AOC is shown to be superior to the genetic algorithms (GA). The AOC is then used in the optimal design of heat exchanger. The shell inside diameter, tube outside diameter, and baffles spacing are treated as the design (or optimized) variables. The cost of the heat exchanger is arranged as the objective function. For the heat exchanger design problem, the results show that the AOC is comparable to the GA method. Both methods can find the optimal solution in a short period of time.

Vacuum, 2019

Energy utilization attributed technological advancement and social development for the mankind. The population growth and large scale energy use boosted demand for energy across the globe. Design of Cost effective energy system can provide solution for energy crisis with sustainable growth for industry and society. In present paper radical parameters have been selected from literature for heat exchanger investigation. In shell and tube heat exchanger fouling rate, exchange efficiency and cost majorly affects exchanger performance. The objective of the research is improving exchanger performance analyzing cost, exchange efficiency and fouling rate of heat exchanger using marvellous meta-heuristic optimization techniques. In this paper bio-inspired Kril Herd (KH)) strategy is utilized to optimize hidden layers. Advance, the execution of KHO algorithm is contrasted with different algorithms illustrative of state-of-the-art territory. The results of various algorithms are poor down and emerged from comparative frameworks. The finest outcomes achieved by KH approach for minimum cost & fouling rate and maximum energy efficiency in the exchange process. This proposed model compared with existing optimization techniques in the heat exchanger with energy analysis and KH strategy outperforms wellknown methods in the literature.

Cost minimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers is a key objective. Traditional design approaches besides being time consuming, do not guarantee the reach of an economically optimal solution. So, in this research, a new shell and tube heat exchanger optimization design approach is developed based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The ICA algorithm has some good features in reaching to the global minimum in comparison to other evolutionary algorithms. In present study, ICA technique has been applied to minimize the total cost of the equipment including capital investment and the sum of discounted annual energy expenditures related to pumping of shell and tube heat exchanger by varying various design variables such as tube length, tube outer diameter, pitch size and baffle spacing. Based on proposed method, a full computer code was developed for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers and different test cases are solved by it to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Finally the results are compared to those obtained by literature approaches. The obtained results indicate that the ICA algorithm can be successfully applied for optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers with higher accuracy in less computational time.