Case study: DERMS deployment to the Onslow microgrid

IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 2016

This paper presents the development of an intelligent dynamic energy management system (I-DEMS) for a smart microgrid. An evolutionary adaptive dynamic programming and reinforcement learning framework is introduced for evolving the I-DEMS online. The I-DEMS is an optimal or near-optimal DEMS capable of performing grid-connected and islanded microgrid operations. The primary sources of energy are sustainable, green, and environmentally friendly renewable energy systems (RESs), e.g., wind and solar; however, these forms of energy are uncertain and nondispatchable. Backup battery energy storage and thermal generation were used to overcome these challenges. Using the I-DEMS to schedule dispatches allowed the RESs and energy storage devices to be utilized to their maximum in order to supply the critical load at all times. Based on the microgrid's system states, the I-DEMS generates energy dispatch control signals, while a forward-looking network evaluates the dispatched control signals over time. Typical results are presented for varying generation and load profiles, and the performance of I-DEMS is compared with that of a decision tree approachbased DEMS (D-DEMS). The robust performance of the I-DEMS was illustrated by examining microgrid operations under different battery energy storage conditions.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016

Microgrids (MGs), featured by distributed energy resources, consumption and storage, are designed to significantly enhance the self-sustainability of future electric distribution grids. In order to adapt to this new and revolutionary paradigm, it is necessary to control MGs in intelligent and coordinated fashion. To this aim, a new generation of advanced Microgrid Supervisory Controllers (MGSC) and Energy Management Systems (EMS) has emerged. The aim of this paper is to summarize the control objectives and development methodologies in the recently proposed MGSC/EMS. At first, a classification of control objectives is made according to the definition of hierarchical control layers in MGs. Then, focusing on MGSC/EMS related studies, a detailed methodology review is given with emphasis on representative applications and research works. Finally, the conclusions are summarized and the proposals of future research directions in this area are given.

2021 IEEE Madrid PowerTech, 2021

IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 2017

The energy markeT is recognizing that both distributed generators and controlled loads are valuable assets when properly integrated into a utility's power and communications networks. however, the proliferation of these distributed energy resources (Ders) creates challenges for utilities when interconnected to their networks. Traditional operational models, including sensing and computational tools, will not be enough to meet future needs. specifically, the monitoring and control layer (some call it the iT layer) will need to be transformed to adequately integrate Ders. We offer an approach for a utility to meet future customer expectations through Der monitoring, commanding, and dispatch optimizing. The needs from other stakeholders (i.e., the public utility commission, the financing organization, and the independent system operator) are captured through a systems engineering process that yields

IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy, 2020

Microgrids (MGs), as novel paradigms of active Distribution Networks, have been gaining increasing interest by the and constitute an active area of research community in the last 20 years. Currently, they are considered as key components in power system decentralization, providing viable solutions for rural electrification, enhancing resilience and supporting local energy communities. Their main characteristic is the coordinated control of the interconnected distributed energy resources (DER), which can be realized by various methods, ranging from decentralized communication-free approaches to centralized ones, where decisions are taken at a central point. This paper provides an overview of this development focusing on the technical control solutions proposed for the various levels of their organization hierarchy. A critical assessment of selected, promising technologies is provided and open questions regarding the trend to more decentralized power systems are discussed.

IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 2016

Sustainability

As promising solutions to various social and environmental issues, the generation and integration of renewable energy (RE) into microgrids (MGs) has recently increased due to the rapidly growing consumption of electric power. However, such integration can affect the stability and security of power systems due to its complexity and intermittency. Therefore, an optimal control approach is essential to ensure the efficiency, reliability, and quality of the delivered power. In addition, effective planning of policies for integrating MGs can help promote MG operations. However, outages may render these strategies inefficient and place the power system at risk. MGs are considered an ideal candidate for distributed power systems, given their capability to restore these systems rapidly after a physical or cyber-attack and create reliable protection systems. The energy management system (EMS) in an MG can operate controllable distributed energy resources and loads in real-time to generate a ...

Electronics, 2021

Operational and planning challenges caused by ever-increasing integration of electronically coupled renewable distributed energy resources (DERs) have become a reality all over the globe. These challenges range from technical constraint violations to malfunctional setting and coordination of the protective equipment and inaccurate operational planning. Moreover, to enable the preconditions for the integration of high penetration of renewable DERs, utilities are faced with potentially huge investment requirements in strengthening the grid assets. However, recent advances in specialized software solutions for integration and active management of high penetration of DERs could turn these challenges into operational and monetary benefits. Hence, if planned, managed, and operated in an optimal way, the high penetration of DERs could be a valuable resource for increasing the efficiency of the overall management of distribution grids. Utility distributed energy resource management systems ...

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2012

A microgrid is a controllable component of the smart grid defined as a part of distribution network capable of supplying its own local load even in the case of disconnection from the upstream network. Microgrids incorporate large amount of renewable and non-renewable distributed generation (DG) that are connected to the system either directly or by power electronics (PE) interface. The diversity of technologies used in DGs and loads, high penetration of DGs, economic operation of DGs, dynamics of low-inertia conventional DGs and PE interfaced inertialess DGs and smart operation by means of enhanced communication infrastructure have raised challenges in widespread utilization of microgrids as basis of smart grids. Power quality, protection, economic and secure operation, active management, communication, dynamics and control of microgrids are among the most important issues under research both in academy and industry. Technical concerns over dynamics of microgrids especially in autonomous (island) mode necessitate revision of current paradigms in control of energy systems. This paper addresses current challenges towards controlling microgrids and surveys dynamic modeling, stability and control of microgrids. Future trends in realizing smart grids through aggregation of microgrids and research needs in this path are discussed at the end of this paper.

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2016

Real-time energy management automation in microgrid can improve energy security, reliability, efficiency and power quality but is a challenging issue as it requires a robust, deterministic and interoperable communication architecture. IEC 61850 based communication architecture has the potential to be the promising solution for microgrid automation. Hence, this paper addresses this challenge by proposing IEC 61850 based design and modeling of IEDs for different types of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and a new Logical Node (LN) for controllable loads along with the design of structure and size of communication messages required for energy management automation in microgrid for the first time. The paper demonstrates the validation and implementation of the proposed design and modeling through a real-time system-in-the-loop (SITL) simulation for a test microgrid. Finally, to justify the feasibility of the proposed design and modeling, dynamic performance of the microgrid communication architecture is evaluated in terms of End-to-End (ETE) delay and throughput for different network topological configurations. This work intends to provide a platform to model, configure and evaluate a promising future standards based communication for microgrid automation.

Procedia Computer Science, 2016

Intelligent microgrid with distributed energy sources is considered as the next generation grid to mitigate the present day power system issues. Intelligent microgrid should facilitate monitoring and distributed control of the system using smart components. For effective, reliable and intelligent operation of such a system, it needs to use the advanced communication and intelligent information processing techniques. This paper explores the possibility of managing an autonomous intelligent microgrid with prioritized loads, utilizing the existing communication networks to acquire data and manage from a central location. The central control center runs an energy management algorithm, utilizing the load and source data acquired from the clients, to maximize the power delivery to the higher priority loads. The proposed scheme enables the consumers to dynamically set their load priority and fix the rate for selling the power generated by them within the autonomous grid, thereby ensuring consumer participation in the development of power infrastructure. Further, a load management algorithm for the reliable operation of autonomous intelligent microgrid with prioritized loads is proposed and its effectiveness is illustrated with a case study.

Energy demand has shown an increase in recent years, and distributed energy generation and load management systems are essential components in modern Microgrids (MG). An effective and continuous monitoring of the grid represented a challenge. The proposed method regulates the power flow of the microgrid, improving the Load-management performance.

2016 24th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED), 2016