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2009, Ethics and information technology
James Rachels' seminal paper ''Why Privacy Is Important'' (1975) remains one of the most influential statements on the topic. It offers a general theory that explains why privacy is important in relation to mundane personal information and situations. According to the ...
The Introduction shows that privacy can be conceptualised in terms of seclusion and solitude, anonymity and confidentiality, intimacy and domesticity, so that it is unnecessary to agree on a definition of privacy in order to analyse it philosophically. It shows that democratic theory and practice provide a set of working assumptions about what is valuable and right, equal and unequal, free and unfree which enable us to distinguish privacy from other values, and to resolve those disagreements about its nature and value which are, in fact, resolvable by some combination of theory and practice.
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2016
Metaphilosophy, 1997
For more than thirty years an extensive and significant philosophical debate about the notion of privacy has been going on. Therefore it seems puzzling that most current authors on information technology and privacy assume that all individuals intuitively know why privacy is important. This assumption allows privacy to be seen as a liberal "nice to have" value: something that can easily be discarded in the face of other really important matters like national security, the doing of justice and the effective administration of the state and the corporation. In this paper I want to argue that there is something fundamental in the notion of privacy and that due to the profoundness of the notion it merits extraordinary measures of protection and overt support. I will also argue that the notion of transparency (as advocated by Wasserstrom) is a useless concept without privacy and that accountability and transparency can only be meaningful if encapsulated in the concept of privacy. From philosophical and legal literature I will discuss and argue the value of privacy as the essential context and foundation of human autonomy in social relationships. In the conclusion of the paper I will discuss implications of this notion of privacy for the information society in general, and for the discipline of information systems in particular.
International Data Privacy Law, 2011
Core Concepts and Contemporary Issues in Privacy, 2018
This article offers an account of the basis of the right to privacy that gives it stronger unity than the accounts currently available. It does so by showing that privacy is necessary for responsibility: one cannot assume responsibility for something without first articulating what it is that one is assuming responsibility for, and the right to privacy protects the "drafting space" in which to articulate it. This implies that we all have a direct stake in each other's privacy, unlike other accounts of privacy, which focus on why one's privacy is desirable to oneself. The article then proceeds to show how thinking about the right to privacy in this way can explain some of its features that otherwise appear puzzling and how it provides a theoretical tool for dealing with problems that involve privacy.
Privacy is commonly understood as insulation from observability, a value asserted by individuals against the demands of a curious and intrusive society. It is intimately associated with our most profound values, our understanding of what it means to be an autonomous moral agent capable of self-reflection and choice. When news is becoming entertainment and private stories become public spectacle, individual lives can be mercilessly exposed to the glaring spotlight of unwanted publicity. In delineating the boundaries of intrusion, distinctions are made between children and adults; between public figures and ordinary citizens; between people who choose to live in the spotlights, and ordinary citizens who stumble into the public forum, either because fate played with them or because they did something of public significance.
Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '08, 2008
Technology and Society (ISTAS), 2010 …, 2010
In this polemical paper we present a Socratian dialogue that both critiques privacy and addresses its value. The purpose of this dialogue is to address questions that are often begged in the contemporary discourse around privacy, surveillance and technology — a discourse that assumes that privacy is a personal and social good without necessarily arguing the case. To prosecute the debate we have Aspicio — who will argue that privacy is a condition that is not only limited as a personal and social good, but is undesirable in many important respects. Aspicio is confronted by Occulto, who will argue that privacy is a condition that can and should be obtained and defended In the course of the dialogue our interlocutors discuss privacy as a right; privacy and modernity; privacy, the public sphere and the private sphere; privacy and individualism; the value of surveillance; and privacy, embarrassment and shame.
American Philosophical Association Newletter on Philosophy and Law, 2013
The American Philosophical Association. A Symposium on the work of Anita L. Allen. A. Introduction Anita Allen's Uneasy Access: Privacy for Women in a Free Society was one of the first books to try to work out a feminist perspective on privacy, given long-standing feminist doubts and ambivalences about its effects on women. 1 In contrast to a philosophical literature which largely ignored feminist concerns with privacy, Allen set out to consider privacy from an explicitly feminist perspective, drawing on philosophical and American legal debates in order to do so. The result was a highly readable book, which provided an excellent survey of competing attempts to describe the nature and value of privacy, and a helpful account of their relative strengths and weaknesses. Arguing that feminists should revise, not reject, privacy, Allen showed that the ability to restrict unwanted access to our bodies and thoughts is essential to freedom for women, as for men. I discovered Allen's book as a graduate student at MIT, working on what I called 'A democratic conception of privacy', in response to feminist criticism of privacy. Allen's guided tour through competing ways of defining privacy saved me from drowning in an overwhelming, and rather bewildering, literature, whose consequences for feminist concerns were rarely clear. Allen's frank defence of abortion rights from a privacy perspective was also welcome, with its recognition that children necessarily eat into parental time and will do so even if parenting occurs on a more sexually egalitarian basis than at present. Above all, I admired, and continue to admire, Allen's treatment of privacy for women in public, with its sensitive and thoughtful effort to understand why, and how,
This paper presents a multidisciplinary approach to privacy. The sub- ject is examined from an ethical, social, and economic perspective reflecting the preliminary findings of the EU-funded research project PRESCIENT. The analy- sis will give a comprehensive illustration of the dimensions’ unique and charac- teristic features. This will build the basis for identifying overlaps and developing synergetic effects, which should ideally contribute to a better understanding of privacy.
Paper presented at the Stockholm Criminology Symposium, 14th of June 2022, Stockholm (Sweden), 2022
Privacy and security are often seen as interests that are difficult to reconcile. Many see the right to privacy as an obstacle on the road to a safe society. Discussions on the topic, also within scientific circles, are often very rigid. With this paper we want to streamline the debate by bringing conceptual clarity to the concept of privacy. Privacy is a broad term under which very diverse topics are addressed. We distinguish three main themes and describe the related social problems. In addition, we discuss the various functions of privacy within our society and how privacy itself also plays a role in the pursuit of a safe society. In addition, we describe some pitfalls in the relationship between security and privacy and look for ways to strive for a healthy balance between both interests in a judicial or a security context. Privacy and security are not communicating vessels, but are both very important and indispensable in the pursuit of a safer society. A better understanding of the concept of privacy and its various functions provides much needed guidance for a balanced security policy that integrates both interests.
The Handbook of Privacy Studies, 2018
Internet Policy Review, 2019
This contribution provides a short introduction into the conceptual and socio-technical development of privacy. It identifies central issues that inform and structure current debates as well as transformations of privacy spurred by digital technology. In particular, it highlights central ambivalences of privacy between protection and de-politicization and the relation of individual and social perspectives. A second section connects these issues to the influential texts and discussions on digital privacy. In particular, we will demonstrate privacy in digital societies is to be conceived in a novel way, since contemporary socio-technical conditions unsettle central assumptions of established theories: forms of perceptions, social structure or individual rights. Thus, a final third paragraph summarises theoretical innovations triggered by this situationespecially research from computer science to the social sciences and law and philosophy highlighting the requirement to take groups, social relations and broader socio-cultural contexts into account.
European Data Protection Law Review, 2018
Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 2001
In: Keresztes, Gábor (ed.): Tavaszi Szél 2016 Tanulmánykötet I., Budapest, Doktoranduszok Országos Szövetsége, 2016
The protection of privacy cannot be separated from technological development: nowadays, due to the development of science and technology, the possibility to intrude into someone's privacy has increased. The law has to react to these changes, ensuring the legal protection of privacy. However, in order to ensure this protection, first of all it is necessary to determine the subject of this protection: privacy. Privacy itself is as old as mankind, however, it was not always a legally protected right. What is considered to be private and what is legally protected as private can differ. One of the most important issues concerning legal privacy protection is that -according to several privacy scholars and the European Court of Human Rights -it is not possible to give an exhaustive legal definition of the subject of privacy protection. The importance of privacy can be related to the fact that privacy has a very close connection with human dignity, freedom and independence of the individual, and it is more and more challenged in the age of the rapid technological development of the information society. The aim of the study is to present the historical development of privacy in order to better understand the concept of privacy and to find a solution to how privacy can be effectively protected in the information society. First, I am going to discuss the short history of privacy, then its already existing definitions, then the way international -especially European -legal regulations regulate the protection of private life, and finally I am going to outline the current challenges posed by the information society. As a result of my study, I will make some recommendations about how the existing regulations should protect privacy nowadays.
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