Essays on sugarcane

International Journal of Business Administration, 2022

The diversity in agronomic practices being used by sugarcane producers in Brazil determines differences in economic performance and cost structure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cost of six systems of agronomic practices using fixed or variable rates for soil amendment, fertilizer, and defensive applications and assess the profitability of these systems at three scales of sugarcane production. We then describe the data sample related to the 2019-2020 harvest season and collected from fifty-five sugarcane producers in the central-south region of Brazil. Thereafter, using a quantitative approach, a cost analysis was performed, and the cumulative frequency of the net revenue for the three scales of production (small, medium, and large), was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. The cost analysis indicated that fertilizer had the highest cost considering the agronomic practices adopted at the three scales of production analyzed. The cumulative frequency analysis results from the Monte Carlo simulation showed the highest net revenue per hectare for medium sugarcane producers. In addition, the presence of economies of scale was not confirmed because the lowest cost was found in small-scale sugarcane producers and the highest net revenue was obtained by medium-scale sugarcane producers.

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015

Food and bioenergy agriculture are growing demands of the global population. The problem of rural production facilities resides in gross revenue and not in issues related to production scale, since the price is determined by the market. The performance measure indicators, whether financial or not, have helped managers to focus their actions on longterm perspectives of sustainable socioeconomic production in rural production facilities. It is proposed to validate an equation model composed of social and economic indicators as a parameter for monitoring the development of sugarcane production in agricultural production facilities by means of multivariate analysis techniques and to characterize the socioeconomic factors different profiles in rural production facilities studied. The methodological approach was quantitative, applying techniques of inferential statistics and multivariate analysis by test for normality, test of the Friedman hypothesis, Categorical Principal Components Analysis, adjustment of multiple linear regression model and profile segmentation. The statistical tests showed statistical significance (P<0.05), CATPCA presented 2 dimensions with Cronbach's alpha adequate and a linear regression model was adjusted with adequate R 2 of 0.90. The results by profile show that the IBCcane was the best of the smallholdings with 24.39 ha-1, (100% of the lessors). The IBCcane by establishments profile was: 424.39 (smallholding); 174.66 (small); 827.34 (medium); and 2,765.96 (large). The multivariate analysis determined the equation validity for the proposed indicators, it was proven that the smallholdings have the best benefit-cost index and the benefit-cost by profile showed that the large ones have a greater financial gain due to the productive scale. Contribution/Originality: The main contribution of the article is the combination of multivariate analysis techniques CATPCA Summary Model Rotation and multiple linear regression in the validation of a twodimensional equation model with the main socioeconomic variables that influence the benefit-cost index for the sugarcane production system. 1. INTRODUCTION Recent studies have established premises in the international agricultural scenario, collaborating with evidence and fostering the need for further developmental practices (

2008

The sugar cane is on of the most important agriculture sector in Brazil, (16,5% of agriculture GDP in 2006). Besides it is becoming a world strategic sector because of the biofuels demand increase. In the past decade this sector in Brazil has passed through important transformations, especially due to the higher mechanization. Since it is a sector that employs a significant part of the population in some states, a possible reduction in the sector poverty impact would considerably improve their living standard. Using PNAD micro data from 1992 to 2006, first we will describe some aspects of the sugar cane sector, giving an overview of the changes that is has experienced, second we will decompose the Gini index and finally estimate how propoor the sugar cane production growth has been.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011

The sugarcane sector in Brazil has been achieving large increases in production since the beginning of the 2000s, owing to the deregulation of its two main products: sugar and ethanol. This growth has been driven more by the ethanol production, which grew at a rate of 13% per annum (between 2000 and 2009), than by sugar, which grew at an annual rate of 8% over the same period. Nevertheless, instability in the supply of ethanol is still a problem in the industry. Structural changes, such as the mechanization of sugarcane harvesting, are also in progress. Taking into account the future demands for sugar and ethanol and structural changes in projections, made by industry representatives for the years 2015 and 2020, this article employs inuput-output analysis to estimate the impact of these projections on the Brazilian economy. The results show that in 2010, with a production of R$ 66.6 billion for sugar and R$ 36.2 billion for ethanol (at 2010 prices), the total impact on the economy was about R$ 374.6 billion in Total Output (TO), R$ 210 billion in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), R$ 62.4 billion in remuneration to employees, and a gain of 5.1 million jobs, per annum. For 2015, the estimated economic impact on TO, GDP and employee earnings was 56% higher than the values for 2010. As for 2020, the projections showed that the increases were in the range from 109 to 117% in scenario 1, or 91 to 98% in scenario 2. For job numbers, the impact in 2015 was 48% higher than that reported for 2010, while in 2020 it was between 82 to 99% higher. It was also observed that the income effect of the shocks in the ethanol and sugar sectors was the most significant part of the predicted impact on the number of jobs created in the economy. The results showed, therefore, the importance of the sugarcane industry in the economy, emphasizing the need for government policies to foster the growth of this sector.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

The cane, sugar and ethanol production in Brazil has been divided in two major production regions, the Center-South (CS) and the North-Northeastern (NNE) Brazil. These regions present very different productivity, and henceforth production costs. The Center-South average productivity is higher than 72 tons of cane per hectare, while the average cane 1 This work is part of a Ph.D. thesis of the first author: Cinthia Cabral da Costa. 2 production by hectare in the NNE is about 49 tons. The primary objective of the study was to set up the inter-relations between the cane agroindustry with other regional sectors and with the overall Brazilian economy. This framework was used to compare a demand impact of each regional cane agroindustry upon the regional and the overall Brazilian economy. An inter-regional input-output matrix was used to characterize how a regional demand impact affects both, the regional (CS and NNE) and overall Brazilian economies. Rasmussen-Hirschman indexes, together with a pure linkage index, described by Guilhoto et al. (1996), were used for the analysis. In addition, production multipliers, with and without considering endogenous family consumption were estimated. According to these indexes, a positive demand impact upon the cane agroindustry produces a greater impact upon the NNE compared to the CS economy, when income effects are considered, indicating that cane production is more important for the NNE economy than it is for the CS economy.

Sugar Tech, 2020

The prominent position of sugarcane as a source of renewable and sustainable energy resulted in the expansion of its production into regions under limiting climatic conditions, thus affecting patterns related to growth, ripening, and profitability. This study provides an assessment of the factors that compose the economic return of sugarcane production using a multivariate approach. Monthly data, including total recoverable sugars, price, productivity (for an average of five mechanized harvesting), and rainfall during seven harvest seasons (2011/ 2012-2017/2018), were used to perform the multivariate statistical analyses considering the climatic conditions of four regions in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Araçatuba, Assis, Ribeirão Preto, and Piracicaba). The chosen techniques were hierarchical and non-hierarchical (k-means) cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The data indicated the existence of three groups of months that exhibited different performances: Groups I, II, and III with intermediate, high, and low gross economic returns, respectively. Although group organization presented regional variations, July, August, September, and eventually October (Group II) generally exhibited the best gross economic returns (R$5065.1 ha-1). December and November (Group III) exhibited the lowest economic returns (R$4731.5 ha-1), and April, May, and June (Group I) exhibited intermediate returns that were close to the annual average (R$4829.6 ha-1). Given the territorial extent of Brazil and the significant variations in environmental conditions, the adaptation of sugarcane cultivation and harvesting strategies to the characteristics of each producing region is fundamental for the rational and sustainable exploitation of the crop in the country.

2018

This work evaluates the price relations and transmission patterns between producers and retail in the market for refined sugar in Sao Paulo, Brazil, its direction and magnitude. The results suggest that the transmission of shocks is bidirectional. Formal tests suggest that the symmetry in price transmission from retail to producer cannot be rejected in short and long-run. Therefore, positive and negative exogenous shocks of refined sugar at the retail impact producer’s prices in the same magnitude. From producer to retail prices, the tests confirmed a negative asymmetry in price transmission. It means that a reduction in producer prices has a stronger impact in reducing retail prices than when a positive shock on producer prices is transmitted to increase retail prices.

International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 2019

Food and bioenergy agriculture are growing demands of the global population. The problem of rural production facilities resides in gross revenue and not in issues related to production scale, since the price is determined by the market. The performance measure indicators, whether financial or not, have helped managers to focus their actions on longterm perspectives of sustainable socioeconomic production in rural production facilities. It is proposed to validate an equation model composed of social and economic indicators as a parameter for monitoring the development of sugarcane production in agricultural production facilities by means of multivariate analysis techniques and to characterize the socioeconomic factors different profiles in rural production facilities studied. The methodological approach was quantitative, applying techniques of inferential statistics and multivariate analysis by test for normality, test of the Friedman hypothesis, Categorical Principal Components Analysis, adjustment of multiple linear regression model and profile segmentation. The statistical tests showed statistical significance (P<0.05), CATPCA presented 2 dimensions with Cronbach's alpha adequate and a linear regression model was adjusted with adequate R 2 of 0.90. The results by profile show that the IBCcane was the best of the smallholdings with 24.39 ha-1, (100% of the lessors). The IBCcane by establishments profile was: 424.39 (smallholding); 174.66 (small); 827.34 (medium); and 2,765.96 (large). The multivariate analysis determined the equation validity for the proposed indicators, it was proven that the smallholdings have the best benefit-cost index and the benefit-cost by profile showed that the large ones have a greater financial gain due to the productive scale. The main contribution of the article is the combination of multivariate analysis techniques CATPCA Summary Model Rotation and multiple linear regression in the validation of a twodimensional equation model with the main socioeconomic variables that influence the benefit-cost index for the sugarcane production system. Recent studies have established premises in the international agricultural scenario, collaborating with evidence and fostering the need for further developmental practices , since food and bioenergy production has attracted global attention due to the growing needs of the global population . The new agricultural frontier requires a process that envisions crop diversity with optimal land use, as the productive areas that can be sustainably occupied

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International

Brazil is one of the world&#39;s largest producers of sugarcane. Studies considering the production of a culture in informatic function of time allow to verify the behavior of it in a certain homologated. The aims of this work were to analyze the production of the states of Paraná, São Paulo and Minas Gerais, as well as the national production of sugarcane crops, based on statistical tools of regression analysis, and correlation. Sugar cane production data were collected from the Sugarcane Industry Union (UNICA). The work was done in the State University of Western Paraná, Post-Graduation in Agronomy, between July 2018 and December 2018. The data used were obtained from various institutions and, made available by the Sugarcane Industry Union (UNICA), constituting a historical series of 1980/81 to 2016/17. The regression models that best fit the states of Paraná and São Paulo were the linear model, with correlation equal to 0.9711 and 0.9934 respectively, while for Minas Gerais was t...

Gestão & Produção

The launching of biofuel vehicles in 2003 led to ethanol demand increase and a new phase of expansion of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil. Although the increase in area of production and the quantity of sugarcane produced have been very important to Brazilian agribusiness, the recent agricultural productivity rate has slowed. In this context, this article analyzed the factors that influence the growth rate of sugarcane productivity in the regions of new agricultural expansions, specifically in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Goias. For the collection and data analysis, we used bibliographical and documentary research. The shift-share method was used to analyze the evolution of sugarcane production, through the decomposition of this variable into two factors: area effect and productivity effect. The results show that the increase in production in the region under analysis was mainly due to the incorporation of new planting areas and not to an increase in productivity. In addition...

South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics, 2020

This study aims to analyse the relationship between farm gate prices and export prices in the sugarcane sector in Laos. The Johansen cointegration test, Granger-causality test, and the Error Correction Model (ECM) were used to investigate the causality and asymmetry of price transmission between the two market levels. The coefficient of variation values shows that farm gate prices were more volatile than prices at the exporter level. Granger’s causality tests show two-way causality between farm and export markets. Further, estimates of the price adjustment process suggest an asymmetric adjustment between producer and exporter prices, in short and long-run. This implies that there is a non-competitive market structure. It is therefore recommended that policies be put in place to ensure the efficient marketing of sugarcane in Laos.

Revista de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre as Américas, 2015

Esta pesquisa teve como propósito averiguar a estrutura do mercado de trabalho na atividade de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, à luz das mudanças recentes ocorridas no setor sucroalcooleiro, levando-se em conta os principais estados produtores de cana. Para tanto, realizou-se uma análise estatística descritiva e uma análise de regressão linear simples, com base nos dados da PNAD, de 1997 a 2009. Como corolário, constatou-se que houve uma redução da informalidade no mercado de trabalho em questão, sendo que esta redução foi mais expressiva em Alagoas. Confirmou-se, também, mudanças recentes nas ocupações do setor, com acréscimos nas atividades técnicas, representadas por tratoristas e operadores de máquinas. Evidenciou-se que o mercado de trabalho do setor em questão tem sua dinâmica diretamente ligada aos fatores que ocorrem na cadeia produtiva do setor sucroalcooleiro como um todo.Palavras-Chave: Mercado de Trabalho, Tecnologia, Agronegócios e Produção de cana-de-açúcar.***:This researc...

South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 1999

Small developing countries have for long acquired significant benefits through preferential trading arrangements. However, these benefits have led to a proliferation of inefficient industries in the recipient countries. With the recent changes in the GAIT, these inefficient industries may close and thus lead to major economic and social problems in the recipient countries. This paper utilizes the frontier production function approach to examine the efficiency status of Fiji&#39;s sugar industry. The analysis reveals that a significant level of inefficiency exists at the farm level of Fiji&#39;s sugar industry. Some of the factors that were found to effect the level of efficiency are farming status, land class and ethnicity. These factors are then used to derive policy implications.

Agro Ekonomi, 2021

Sugarcane revitalization is both a challenge and an opportunity in Indonesia. Demand for sugar tends to increase from year to year that fulfilled by domestic production and imports. Thus, it is necessary to increase domestic sugarcane competitiveness to balance national sugarcane production and consumption. This study’s objectives were (1) to determine the forward linkage and backward linkage of sugarcane in Indonesia, and (2) to know the output, income, and employment multiplier. The linkages and multipliers of sugarcane were calculated by the input-output analysis of 66 sectors from 1975 to 2005 by Statistics Indonesia (BPS). Estimation values for 2010, 2015, and 2020 are obtained from the linear forecasting method. T-test was used to compare linkages and multipliers between sugarcane and the average of all sectors in the economy. The results showed that the backward linkage, output, and employment multiplier of sugarcane were lower than the average of all sectors in the economy. ...

1989

This paper analyzes the farm, wholesale, and retail price series of nine agricultural prcxiucts (rice, beans, maize, soyabeans, potatoes, onions, bananas, tomatoes, and oranges). Causality analysis is carried out to determine the possible existence of a market level that systematically tends to lead price changes. Immediate and total elasticities of price transmission are estimated to provide evidence regarding the relative siz.e of price variations at different market levels. All results relate to the city of Sao Paulo, as a consumption centre, and the relevant supplying wholesale firms and production regions. For most of the products analyzed (those traded predominantly in the domestic market), wholesale was detected to be the market level at which price changes were initiated. For products traded internationally-like soyabeans and oranges-the fann level was apparently the point from which price changes are transmiued to the domestic market. Price transmission may also originate a...