2704 Tang Kok Mun

Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2019

Biomass is a promising resource in Malaysia for energy, fuels, and high value-added products. However, regards to biomass value chains, the numerous restrictions and challenges related to the economic and environmental features must be considered. The major concerns regarding the enlargement of biomass plantation is that it requires large amounts of land and environmental resources such as water and soil that arises the danger of creating severe damages to the ecosystem (e.g. deforestation, water pollution, soil depletion etc.). Regarded concerns can be diminished when all aspects associated with palm biomass conversion and utilization linked with environment, food, energy and water (EFEW) nexus to meet the standard requirement and to consider the potential impact on the nexus as a whole. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the detail interactions between all the components in the nexus once intended to look for the best solution to exploit the great potential of biomass. This paper offers an overview regarding the present potential biomass availability for energy production, technology readiness, feasibility study on the technoeconomic analyses of the biomass utilization and the impact of this nexus on value chains. The agro-biomass resources potential and land suitability for different crops has been overviewed using satellite imageries and the outcomes of the nexus interactions should be incorporated in developmental policies on biomass. The paper finally discussed an insight of digitization of the agriculture industry as future strategy to modernize agriculture in Malaysia. Hence, this paper provides holistic overview of biomass competitiveness for sustainable bio-economy in Malaysia.

2013

provided excellent assistance in external relations and web production, Indra Irnawan designed the cover, and Noppakwan Inthapan and Angkanee Luangpenthong provided extensive support. Cover photos by Nafise Motlaq (PETRONAS gas station, palm oil fruit, Axiata headquarters), Singapore Press Holdings Ltd (rubber products factory) and Ali Badri Abdul Karim (oil rig). The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank's Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The report is based on information current as of June 15, 2012.

Renewable Energy, 2013

and sharing with colleagues.

2018

Malaysia's R&D landscape has grown tremendously over the last decade. Malaysia has put serious efforts in improving its research, development and innovation activities. As a result, Malaysia has managed to stand at par with many developed countries with regard to its competitiveness through adopting science and technology policies and taking significant actions to increase the research and development infrastructure in the past deeades. The country has also witnessed a marked increase in a number of R&D activities. In every cycle of Malaysia Plan, emphasis is given to R&D. During the Tenth Plan, series of actions to strengthen ecosystem were undertaken, among others include shaping a supportive ecosystem by creating enabling environment for stakeholders to carry out innovation activities, and providing funds for research development and commercialisation (R&D&C) initiatives. This is due to the fact that innovation is crucial for the development agenda to increase productivity an...

Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018

Malaysia has a plethora of biomass that can be utilized in a sustainable manner to produce bio-products for circular green economy. At the 15th Conference of Parties in Copenhagen, Malaysia stated to voluntarily reduce its emissions intensity of gross domestic product by upto 40% by 2020 from 2005 level. Natural resources e.g. forestry and agricultural resources will attribute in achieving these goals. This paper investigates optimum biobased systems, such as bioenergy and biorefinery, and their prospects in sustainable development in Malaysia, while analyzing comparable cases globally. Palm oil industry will continue to play a major role in deriving products and contributing to gross national income in Malaysia. Based on the current processing capacity, one tonne of crude palm oil (CPO) production is associated with nine tonnes of biomass generation. Local businesses tend to focus on products with low-risk that enjoy subsidies, e.g. Feed-in-Tariff, such as bioenergy, biogas, etc. CPO biomass is utilized to produce biogas, pellets, dried long fibre and bio-fertilizer and recycle water. It is envisaged that co-production of bio-based products, food and pharmaceutical ingredients, fine, specialty and platform chemicals, polymers, alongside biofuel and bioenergy from biomass is possible to achieve overall sustainability by the replacement of fossil resources. Inception of process integration gives prominent innovative biorefinery configurations, an example demonstrated recently, via extraction of recyclable, metal, high value chemical (levulinic acid), fuel, electricity and bio-fertilizer from municipal solid waste or urban waste. Levulinic acid yield by only 5 wt% of waste feedstock gives 1.5 fold increase in profitability and eliminates the need for subsidies such as gate fees paid by local authority to waste processor. Unsustainable practices include consumable food wastage, end-of-pipe cleaning and linear economy that must be replaced by sustainable production and consumption, source segregation and process integration, and product longevity and circular economy.

The Electricity Journal, 2011

Biomass and Bioenergy, 2014

a b s t r a c t The renewable energy (RE) industry in Malaysia began in 2001 in the context of the growing concern about future depletion of conventional fuels and the global environmental concerns about greenhouse gas emissions. The Small Renewable Energy Programme (SREP) is a tool that was first designed to drive the development of the industry based on the abundance of oil palm biomass reserves and other identified renewable energy resources. Due to the slow uptake of this scheme, a new system, the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) was introduced in 2011 to stimulate the industry. By considering the deficiencies of the previous scheme, this paper examines the sustainability of the FiT policy framework in steering the future expansion of small-scale biomass renewable energy businesses in Malaysia. Resulting from the evaluation of the current policy settings and a market based appraisal, this work outlines strategies for enhancing the scheme and suggests future studies aimed at improving the flaws in the present system. ª b i o m a s s a n d b i o e n e r g y 6 2 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 3 7 e4 6 0961-9534/$ e see front matter ª

This study examines the Jatropha adoption process in Sarawak, Malaysia, a land rich in biological and ethnic diversity, but highly impoverished. Attempts to alleviate poverty through oil palm plantation development resulted in internationally condemned destruction of peat lands. Sarawak subsequently turned to the inedible, low-input, exportable, biodiesel feedstock Jatropha. This case study argues that Jatropha is unlikely to make more significant socio-economic contributions than oil palm or other cash crops. The analysis suggests that companies use social capital to aggressively expand their Jatropha business among the native population in order to gain access to native customary lands, which are often underproductive peat lands. Global biofuels sector development dynamics are examined through the lenses of political economics and social, agricultural, and energy studies. The research finds that farmers' decisions to participate in the biofuels global value chain may result in negative income effects, household food security reduction, and biodiversity loss from peat land destruction. The paper concludes with a proposal for an alternative approach to evaluate both social and financial drivers in order to prevent the negative effects of biofuel-based agribusiness on human and environmental systems.

The Journal of Management Theory and Practice (JMTP), 2020

In Malaysia, oil palm production serves as a leading sector which contributed a lot to the development of Malaysian economy as a great driving force for the country’s agro-industry. Malaysia has also received global recognition for resources allocation among its citizens and poverty alleviation within the country. It flourishes development of the agricultural sector, it increases government and training schemes. In Malaysia, palm oil has an important contribution to the economic growth, generation of revenues for workers and the government, employment chances in rural areas, improving infrastructure which includes facilities of health and education. Malaysia achieved all these due to good and sustainable policies. The objective of this paper is to show the sustainable Malaysian policies on palm oil, the research is qualitative, it has used document analysis and semi-structured interview, and used inductive thematic analysis to analyse the interview with help of Atlas ti 8 software, ...