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2003
baru ini diadakan Seminar Hukum Nasional VII di Jakarta yaitu tepatnya tanggal12-15 Oktober 1999. Adapun tema yang sentral dalam seminar ini adalah Reformasi Hukum Menuju Masyarakat Madani. Maksud dan tujuan diselenggarakannya seminar ini adalah untuk menampung berbagai pemikiran dalam usaha pembangunan Hukum nasional, dalam memasuki era baru menuju masyarakat madani (civil society). Masyarakat madani adalah tatanan hidup kemasyarakatan dimana hubungan antara negara dan masyarakat tidak didasarkan kepada pandangan bahwa negara mempunyai kekuasaan yang sentral dan dominan dan demi kepentingannya secara sah dapat menyampingkan berbagai kepentingan warga masyarakat. 1
Academia.edu, 2023
Banyak orang berpendapat bahwa hukum adat adalah hukum peninggalan masa lampau yang selalu berorientasi pada masa lalu atau kuno, sehingga kurang cocok dengan kehidupan modern seperti sekarang ini, yang memasuki era globalisasi.
Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2010
ABSTRACT: This article aim is to describe regarding customary law in the Indonesia legal system inconnection with Indonesia cionstitusian and other national law level and its impact toward the customary law application in the field.Based on this analytical study can be summerised that: 1). the structure of customary law in Indonesia national law system is the similar position with any other national law. The diffrerence among of them is customary law unrecorded writtenly such as national law; 2). UUD 1945 as Indonesia's constitusion recognises beside written law also available unwritten law as known with named customary law (hukum adat); 3). UUD 1945 more prioritise written law in form of undang-undang level and other Indonesia's national law level in creating and managing social live; 4). This reality must be responsed by parliament in craeting Qanun (regional law) in Aceh through accomodating customary law that grow, live and rise in the community, it is caused customary l...
Sejak kernerdekaan, menjadi kewajiban yang sangat penting bagi para pernimpin untuk membuat kemerdekaan itu menjadi berarti bagi rakyat. Dengan berakhirnya masa kolonial, maka kita dihadapkan pada masalah mengubah dan membaharui Indonesia, yang berarti meruntuhkan tata tertib masyarakat yang lampau dan menciptakan ukuran-ukuran baru berdasarkan kebutuhan-kebutuhan nasional bagi bangsa lndonesia, disesuaikan dengan sayarat-syarat hidup modern. 1 Sesungguhnya nasionalisme yang sehat dan bersifat membangun, harus bergandengan tangan dengan internasionalisme yang sehat pula. Ini berarti bahwa tata tertib sosial baru yang dibentuk mencantumkan dengan tepat warisan kebudayaan pada proses 1 Supomo, Bab-bab tentang Hukum Adat, Penerbitan Universitas, Jakarta, 1966, hal.5. modernisasi, yaitu mempertinggi taraf-taraf penghidupan yang harus rnendapat ternpat pertama dalam program nasional. Walaupun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa dalarn proses modernisasi, ekspansi dunia Barat tetap memberi warna pada corak dunia, sehingga dalam prakteknya sering diartikan sebagai pemungut lernbaga-lembaga dan cita-cita Barat. Khususnya cita-cita Barat tentang kemajuan tanpa harus meninggalkan kehormatan dan harga dirinya sendiri sebagai orang tirnur, yang tetap akan mempertahankan kebudayaannya. 2
Deleted Journal, 2024
Customary law is a form of law that still exists in the lives of traditional law communities in Indonesia. The existence of customary law as a form of law whose existence is recognized in the life and legal culture of Indonesian society is stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the background of the problem, the problem formulation is: 1) what is the periodization of the history of customary law in Indonesia? and 2) what are the benefits of studying customary law? This research uses normative juridical research methods that are qualitative in nature. The data source used is a secondary data source, while the data collection method in researching research objects is library data obtained through library research. The results of this research provide an illustration that the periodization of customary law in Indonesia consists of the Ancient era, up to around 500, the Kingdom era (from 500 to 1600), the period of influence of Islam and other religions, the Dutch East Indies period, and the period after independence.. The benefits of studying customary law are that customary law is a form of Indonesian legal culture, the position and role of customary law in national development, and customary law as a means of social control.
2013
ABSTRACT: The article discusses on the role of law in preserving customs to encourage the unity of a society. The contention of the article is that the existence of law and customs may assist members of society to live in harmony as both law and customs established rules that organized human behavior. Human life will be in chaos in the absence of law and customs as the people will not be able to organize the manner they should interact with one another. This article will try to answer the problem on how does law preserved customs that was used to unite the society. The article shows that law needs the support of custom to understand the need of the society, while custom requires the support of law in order for the people to notice the existence of the practice and at the same time, able to be understood by the people at large. Customs are able to produce social accord as customs are embedded with the spirit of ushering good relationship thus encourages man to live harmoniously. On...
Indonesia is one of nations full of culture values. The diversity of this culture values is still breathing and keep growing in society. As a country adopts civil law system, an Indonesian judge must keep standing on each clear and codified od law's decisions. On the other hand, this system brings a benefit to the law certainty on the society rights from the government. While on the other side, there is a weakness in manifesting a justice for the society because there is not always if the rules are capable enough in reserving the developments, especially the norms admitted by society. This fact of course will bring a serious effect to the criminal law when there are so many custom cases with public aspect could not be judged and legality as the reason or there is no law's decision which regulate clearly. Over here the understanding of the founding by the judge in a "adat delict" plays an important role as an effort to manifest the supremacy of law and justice.
Sanskara Hukum dan HAM, 2023
Hukum yang tidak dikodifikasikan yang mengandung nilai dan norma dalam masyarakat adalah suatu aturan yang dipegang teguh sejak zaman nenek moyang bangsa. Kesatuan masyarakat adat yang telah diakui oleh konstitusi tersebut berkedudukan dalam konstitusional Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Kajian mendalam juga dilakukan guna mengetahui bagaimana agama Islam memandang hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Sebagai agama mayoritas di Indonesia, Islam menjadi salah satu pengaruh dalam pembentukan hukum adat. Hal ini karena hukum adat, atau hukum yang hidup, diambil dari kebiasaan dan kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat.
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, 1996
Undang: Jurnal Hukum, 2019
This article reviews critically the evolution of the regulation of recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in the Indonesian Constitution through historical and legal perspective. Using the customary law rights recognition theory as developed by constitutionalists on the experience of the struggle of indigenous peoples in several Latin American countries, this article finds the fact that none of the Constitutions in Indonesia fully recognize and protect the rights of indigenous peoples, although it contains elements of partisanship rhetoric. The weak recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples in the Constitution resulted in the state freely using its power to exclude ancestral rights of indigenous peoples on the pretext of state interests. The interpretation of the articles in the Constitution that recognize and protect the rights of indigenous peoples must be based on the spirit of asserting Indonesian unity in diversity and distinctiveness. Without such...
Problematika terkait pengakuan dan perlindungan hak-hak masyarakat adat dengan keberadaan berbagai perangkat peraturan perundang-undangan salama ini dapat digambarkan secara ringkas, bahwa konflik-konflik agraria, baik yang bersifat vertikal bahkan juga horizontal, terjadi karena adanya silang-sengkarut alas hak yang menjadi dasar tata kelola – mencakup tata guna, tata kuasa, dan tata usaha -- sumber-sumber agraria di Indonesia. Belum terjadi sinkronisasi antara berbagai sumber hukum, antara perangkat peraturan perundang-undangan (baca: hukum positif) di satu pihak, dengan berbagai sumber hukum adat yang hidup dan berkembang dalam berbagai komunitas yang disebut sebagai masyarakat (hukum) adat itu di pihak lain. Meskipun, pada tataran konsitusi, yang kemudian ditegaskan ulang dalam berbagai Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, hak-hak masyarakat (hukum) adat itu telah diakui keberadaannya.
Fiat Justisia, 2016
Recognition of the existence of legal values and sense of justice that life is constitutionally recognized as the author explained earlier. One of the key concepts that evolved form of legal recognition or live in the community is the adoption of the system of sanctions in customary law (customary criminal) in the national legal system. Recognition and protection of sanction customary law becomes an important thing in the life of indigenous peoples, for the customary sanctions, then it can be constructed or create a balance and social harmony, interests between the human race and the individual, between the alliance (group) and wider society that is the basis from the minds of traditional Indonesian nation. Recognition of the importance of values in society as customary law (customary criminal) in the renewal of the national criminal law as the national law reform agenda is a necessity and demand to the fulfillment of social justice in accordance ideals of the Indonesian nation.
Mesa Indra Naiborhu, 2021
Keberadaan desa sebagai bagian dari Indonesia telah menjadi perdebatan panjang dalam ketatanegaraan Indonesia sejak masa kemerdekaan hingga saat ini.
Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum
This research focuses on exploring and elevating the values of Kei Larvul Ngabal indigenous law in criminal law reform, by proposing 2 (two) problem formulations. First, how is the existence of Larvul Ngabal indigenous law in the Kei community? Second, how is the relevance of the Kei indigenous criminal law in the reform of the national criminal law? The research method used is normative juridical by reviewing written and unwritten criminal laws and regulations. While the data analysis is inductive and qualitative. It is concluded that the indigenous law of Larvul Ngabal and Sasa Sor Fit is an indigenous criminal law that is agreed upon and is binding on the community, hence if it is violated, it is subject to indigenous sanctions in the form of fines, dada, and gong. Included in the drafting of the Criminal Code without reducing the nature of the material legality principle, if there are several customary laws of Larvul Ngabal including maryain vo ivun (sexual intercourse outside o...
Dimana ada masyarakat adat, disitu ada peradilan adat Hedar Laudjeng (1960-2012) Pengantar Makalah ini dimulai dengan mengutip ungkapan dari almarhum Hedar Laudjeng dalam suatu kesempatan. 2 Katanya, "dimana ada masyarakat adat, disitu ada peradilan adat." Ungkapan tersebut mengikuti ungkapan terkenal dalam kajian hukum yang diperkenalkan oleh Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 SM), Ubi societas ibi ius (dimana ada masyarakat di situ ada hukum). Bila dikembangkan, ungkapan Cicero tersebut juga berlaku kepada masyarakat adat dan hukum adat, yakni: Dimana ada masyarakat adat, disitu ada hukum adat. Karena setiap hukum membutuhkan lembaga peradilan, bagaimanapun sederhana bentuknya, termasuk pada masyarakat adat, maka sampailah kita kepada ungkapan Hedar Laudjeng: Dimana ada masyarakat adat, disitu ada peradilan adat.
Yustisia Jurnal Hukum, 2015
Sooner or later Indonesia will have its own law of contract. Reasons for this statement are, firstly, current Indonesian contract law is actually a law that is provided in the Book III of old Dutch Civil Code that is not being used anymore by Dutch. Secondly, due to the difference of Indonesian way and philosophy of life, social norm and structure in the society, some provisions in the "Indonesian Contract Law" are incompliance with Indonesian nation characters. From the analysis of this research, it found that firstly, western civil law is different from the adat civil law; the western civil law are more individualistic, while the adat civil law are communalistic. In their development, however, the western law has gone through collectivization process and the adat law has gone through individualistic process. Secondly, there are two main factors, which influence the formation of law, namely: ideal and real factors. Principles of kinship, mutual assistance, and mutual helping are the ideal factor in the national contract law compilation, as for the principles of respecting each other, appropriateness and harmonious are the real factors. Thirdly, Indonesian contractual law (Dutch old Civil Code), in The Netherlands, with the Netherlands New Civil Code (NBW) lead to more clear direction, broader scope, and focus on term of application. This could be seen on how Dutch Civil Law develops regulations related to good faith principle. Fourthly, with the development of good faith principle in The Netherlands, the principles of adat law has chance to be reflected and to be applied on national contract law. The possible way to reflect the principles of adat law inside national contract law is through using the good faith principle on contract law. Therefore, it is suggested that adat law principles should be use as a back ground and principles of New Indonesian Contract Law in the future.
Pembangunan Nasional hingga saat ini telah memperlihatkan kemajuan, tidak hanya menyangkut pembangunan di bidang ekonomi semata namun menyangkut seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat termasuk pembangunan di bidang hukum. Kemajuan di bidang hukum ditandai dengan usaha untuk memperbaharui hukum itu sendiri, karena hukum sebagai salah satu penunjang utama dalam menjamin ketertiban masyarakat, diharapkan mampu mengantisipasi dan mengatasi segala tantangan, kebutuhan serta kendala yang menyangkut sarana dan prasarana, disamping itu juga harus lebih beradaptasi dengan perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Meskipun seringkali secara faktual, hukum berjalan lebih lamban daripada perkembangan dan perubahan berbagai hal di masyarakat. Termasuk dalam hal ini adalah hukum pidana sebagai bagian dari hukum. Perubahan dan pembaharuan di bidang hukum pidana khususnya mengenai hukum pidana materiil (substantif) merupakan hal yang penting dan mendasar, karena hukum yang sekarang berlaku khususnya hukum pidana material peninggalan kolonial sudah tidak lagi dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hukum masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini sesuai dengan realita hukum bahwa hukum pidana atau KUHP yang sekarang berlaku bukan berasal, berakar atau bersumber dari pandangan/konsep nilai-nilai dasar dan kenyataan sosio-politik, sosioekonomi dan sosio-budaya yang hidup dalam masyarakat Indonesia sendiri. Pembaharuan hukum pidana nasional merupakan salah satu masalah besar yag dihadapi bangsa Indonesia, khususnya dalam rangka mengubah dan mengganti KUHP (WvS) warisan kolonial Belanda yang sekarang berlaku karena dianggap tidak sesuai lagi dengan tuntutan dan nilai-nilai yang berkembang di masyarakat, menjadi KUHP Baru yang bersifat nasional sesuai dengan pandangan hidup bangsa yang berakar pada nilai-nilai sosial, budaya dan struktur masyarakat Indonesia. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, maka pembaharuan hukum pidana di Indonesia khususnya hukum pidana material, sudah dilakukan sejak tahun 1946 dengan dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1946. Pasal 5 Undang-Undang tersebut menentukan bahwa "peraturan hukum pidana, yang seluruhnya atau sebagian sekarang tidak dapat dijalankan atau bertentangan dengan kedudukan Republik Indonesia sebagai negara merdeka atau tidak mempunyai arti lagi, harus dianggap seluruhnya atau sebagian sementara tidak 1
Selama ini debat soal istilah dan definisi masyarakat adat masih saja terus berlangsung. Ada beragam istilah yang digunakan, bahkan di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan pun digunakan berbagai istilah untuk merujuk sesuatu yang sama atau yang hampir sama itu. Mulai dari istilah masyarakat adat, masyarakat hukum adat, kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat, masyarakat tradisional, komunitas adat terpencil, masyarakat adat yang terpencil, sampai pada istilah desa atau nama lainnya. Sekalian istilah tersebut dapat dijumpai pada peraturan perundang-undangan mulai dari UUD sampai dengan Peraturan Menteri (lihat lampiran).
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Long before the various forms oflegal entry into the archipelago,people who lived since thebeginning of civilization in thisarchipelago (Indonesia) have hadas a regulator kehidupan.Hal lawis in line with the expression ofCicero, Ubi Societas ibi originalius.Hukum as a regulator of thelife that is born from an idea(thought), the heart and soul ofthe people who later termed byexperts with state law Lifeadat.Dalam customary law cannot be separated from theestablishment and development ofnational law, including criminallaw pidana.Hukum Dutchheritage which is not inaccordance with the culturalvalues and personality societymust be renewed by taking thematerial of customary law thatcriminal law can be effective andideal, because the ideal of nationallaw is a national law thatresponsive.
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