Lasers in medicine

2011

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The Journal of Surgery, 2004

Today, lasers are widely used in biology and medicine, and the majority of health centers and hospitals utilize modern laser systems for diagnosis and therapy applications. Researchers have introduced different medical applications for different lasers used in surgeries and other medical treatments. Medical lasers can be categorized in both diagnosis and therapy branches. Main difference between diagnosis and therapy applications is the type of laser-tissue interactions. In diagnosis, one tries to arrange a noninvasive method to study the normal behavior of tissue without any damage or clear effect on tissue. But in therapy, such as surgery, a surgeon uses laser as a knife or for affecting a specific region. So, the medical laser applications are defined by the interaction type between laser light and tissues. The knowledge of laser-tissue interaction can help doctors or surgeons to select the optimal laser systems and modify the type of their therapy. Therefore, we seek to review t...

Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2015

Medical laser applications based on widespread research and development is a very dynamic and increasingly popular field from an ecological as well as an economic point of view. Conferences and personal communication are necessary to identify specific requests and potential unmet needs in this multi-and interdisciplinary discipline. Precise gathering of all information on innovative, new, or renewed techniques is necessary to design medical devices for introduction into clinical applications and finally to become established for routine treatment or diagnosis. Five examples of successfully addressed clinical requests are described to show the long-term endurance in developing light-based innovative clinical concepts and devices. Starting from laboratory medicine, a noninvasive approach to detect signals related to iron deficiency is shown. Based upon photosensitization, fluorescence-guided resection had been discovered, opening the door for photodynamic approaches for the treatment of brain cancer. Thermal laser application in the nasal cavity obtained clinical acceptance by the introduction of new laser wavelengths in clinical consciousness. Varicose veins can be treated by innovative endoluminal treatment methods, thus reducing side effects and saving time. Techniques and developments are presented with potential for diagnosis and treatment to improve the clinical situation for the benefit of the patient.

Alpha Omegan, 2008

Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences, 2011

Today, lasers are widely used in biology and medicine, and the majority of health centers and hospitals utilize modern laser systems for diagnosis and therapy applications. Researchers have introduced different medical applications for different lasers used in surgeries and other medical treatments. Medical lasers can be categorized in both diagnosis and therapy branches. Main difference between diagnosis and therapy applications is the type of laser-tissue interactions. In diagnosis, one tries to arrange a noninvasive method to study the normal behavior of tissue without any damage or clear effect on tissue. But in therapy, such as surgery, a surgeon uses laser as a knife or for affecting a specific region. So, the medical laser applications are defined by the interaction type between laser light and tissues. The knowledge of laser-tissue interaction can help doctors or surgeons to select the optimal laser systems and modify the type of their therapy. Therefore, we seek to review the mechanisms of laser-tissue interaction. In this paper, the optical properties of biological tissue such as absorption, scattering, penetration and fluorescence are reviewed. Also, the effects of these properties on laser penetration in tissue have been explained.

This paper gives the explanation of different medical applications of LASER instruments in detail. This paper discusses their working principles along with their advantages and limitations. These instruments nowadays are excessively used, and it has made surgery easier. They are used in treatment of cancer, removal of tumors of vocal cords, brain surgery, plastic surgery, gynecology and oncology, etc.

Optromix company, 2019

More than 40 years have passed since the development of the first laser system, but this was enough to make quantum electronics one of the leading areas of science and technology. Numerous improvements of lasers and their application make it possible to obtain fundamentally new results in information systems and communications, in biology and medicine, in space and other scientific researches. Laser beam emission is characterized by monochromaticity, sharp focus, due to which it is possible to concentrate laser beam energy and power at considerable distances, the ability to vary the modes of radiation from continuous to pulsed with different pulse durations, and finally, coherence and polarization. A unique combination of these properties allows realizing various interaction mechanisms-both thermal (plasma formation, ablation, evaporation, melting, heating), and non-thermal (spectral resonance) effects on matter, which affect complex atomic and molecular systems. It is not surprising that the idea of using laser beam radiation in medicine appears one of the first. Over the past years, fiber laser devices and techniques have been used in almost all sections of medicine. Fiber lasers are especially successfully used in surgery, therapy and in the diagnosis of diseases. At the same time, it was discovered that each type of laser system operation, each laser-medical technique requires a specific combination of basic parameters of laser beam radiation and knowledge of the mechanisms of its interaction with various tissues. Today there are three main areas of fiber laser application in medicine: • New methods of non-invasive diagnostics: optical coherence tomography is considered to be a promising method for the diagnosis of ophthalmic and cancer diseases, laser spectral analysis of biomarker molecules in exhaled air for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It is these diagnostics that use such unique properties of laser beam radiation as high coherence and polarization, which distinguishes it from ordinary, even monochromatic, light. • The therapy by fiber laser systems is widely used: irradiation with low-intensity laser systems of poorly healing wounds or human blood; in combination with photosensitizers, low-energy fiber lasers are used to selectively destroy cancer cells, atherosclerotic plaques, and treat macular degeneration (photodynamic therapy).