A Review on Nanocarriers for Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2021

The present review work tries to explore the present status of the nano carriers in the delivery of anti cancer drugs. The shortcomings associated with the anticancer drugs like poor solubility, multiple resistance and less bioavailability is been investigating using different nano formulations. The recent advance work on nanoparticles for the delivery of anti tumor drugs is focused along with the different patents available. The different technologies available in the present scenario for the delivery of anti-cancers drugs are being highlightened.

International Journal of Nanomedicine

Nanotechnology has recently gained increased attention for its capability to effectively diagnose and treat various tumors. Nanocarriers have been used to circumvent the problems associated with conventional antitumor drug delivery systems, including their nonspecificity, severe side effects, burst release and damaging the normal cells. Nanocarriers improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency of antitumor drugs, while providing preferential accumulation at the target site. A number of nanocarriers have been developed; however, only a few of them are clinically approved for the delivery of antitumor drugs for their intended actions at the targeted sites. The present review is divided into three main parts: first part presents introduction of various nanocarriers and their relevance in the delivery of anticancer drugs, second part encompasses targeting mechanisms and surface functionalization on nanocarriers and third part covers the description of selected tumors, including breast, lungs, colorectal and pancreatic tumors, and applications of relative nanocarriers in these tumors. This review increases the understanding of tumor treatment with the promising use of nanotechnology.

International Journal of Nanomedicine

Nanotechnology has been actively integrated as drug carriers over the last few years to treat various cancers. The main hurdle in the clinical management of cancer is the development of multidrug resistance against chemotherapeutic agents. To overcome the limitations of chemotherapy, the researchers have been developing technological advances for significant progress in the oncotherapy by enabling the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents at increased drug content levels to the targeted spots. Several nano-drug delivery systems designed for tumor-targeting are evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials and showed promising outcomes in cancerous tumors' clinical management. This review describes nanocarrier's importance in managing different types of cancers and emphasizing nanocarriers for drug delivery and cancer nanotherapeutics. It also highlights the recent advances in nanocarriers-based delivery systems, including polymeric nanocarriers, micelles, nanotubes, dendrimers, magnetic nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and quantum dots (QDs). The nanocarrier-based composites are discussed in terms of their structure, characteristics, and therapeutic applications in oncology. To conclude, the challenges and future exploration opportunities of nanocarriers in chemotherapeutics are also presented.

2020

From the past decade, researchers have seen the potential application of nanotechnology in the field of cancer-targeted drug delivery. Nanoparticle-based chemical moieties such as polymeric based nanoparticles, dendrimers, polymersomes, liposomes, nano micelles, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), etc. Due to their exclusive properties such as tunable surface chemistry, ability to penetrate cells, stimuli-sensitization they could be designed as per the targeted tissue or cells of the tumor. This review provides an insight into the development of nanomedicine with the help of different nanocarriers for cancer/tumor-targeted drug delivery. But apart from having desired flexibility in the development of nanocarrier based drug compound, it has some drawbacks/challenges. The review will also discuss

Journal of Composites and Compounds, 2023

For a while now, the development of research and technology has provided us with different approaches which show how cancer works and how is it possible to develop different methods of treatment. Nanotechnology and nano-carriers have shown a promising approach toward the treatment of different types of cancer. Nano-carriers based targeted drug delivery have different forms such as lipid-based, polymeric-based, inorganic-based, and hybrid-based, each of them is unique in structure, size, “function and” ability to deliver the drugs. Therapeutic substances can be used with the help of the applied modifications to the nano-carriers. These particles have shown significant benefits such as effectiveness, safety, low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the improved quality of the treatment. The therapeutic properties of the nano-carriers can be regulated. This can help to provide an effective treatment for a patient with a specific diagnosed disease. The treatments can be administered either orally, intravenously or by combined route. The overall results of the use of nano-carriers have certainly created an interesting approach and created an opportunity for new treatments that improve the patient’s profile.

2017

Cancer has been growing nowadays consequently high number of death ascertained worldwide. The medical intervention involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical removal. This conventional technique lacking targeting potential and harm the normal cells. In drug treatment regimen, the combination therapy is preferred than single drug treatment module due to higher internalization of chemotherapeutics in the cancer cells both by enhance permeation retention effect and by direct cell apoptosis. The cancer therapeutics involves different methodologies of delivering active moiety to the target site. The active and passive transport mode of chemotherapeutic targeting utilizes advance nanocarriers. The nanotechnological strategic treatment applying advance nanocarrier greatly helps in mitigating the cancer prevalence. The nanocarrier-incorporating nanodrug directed for specific area appealed scientist across the globe and issues to be addressed in this regard. Therefore, various techniques and approaches invented to meet the objectives. With the advances in nanomedicine and drug delivery, this review briefly focused on various modes of nanodrug delivery including nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimer, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles, nanolipid carrier (NLC), gold nanoshell, nanosize cantilevers and nanowire that looks promising and generates a novel horizon in cancer therapeutics.

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

Cancer nanotherapeutics are swiftly progressing and are being applied to solve several limitations of conventional drug delivery systems such as non-specific biodistribution and targeting, lack of water solubility and poor oral bioavailability. Advances in protein engineering and materials science have contributed to novel nanoscale targeting approaches that may bring new hope to cancer patients. Several therapeutic nanocarriers have been approved for clinical use. Nanoparticles have been designed for optimal size and surface characteristics to improve their biodistribution and to increase their circulation time in the bloodstream. By selectively using the unique pathophysiology of tumours, such as their enhanced permeability and retention effect nanotherapeutics are able to carry loaded active drug to cancer cells. In addition to this passive targeting mechanism, active targeting strategies using ligands or antibodies directed against selected tumour targets magnify the specificity of these therapeutic nanoparticles. Drug resistance, another obstacle can also be overcome or reduced by using nanoparticles. Multifunctional and multiplex nanoparticles are now being actively investigated and are on the horizon as the next generation of nanoparticles, facilitating personalized and tailored cancer treatment.

international journal of engineering technology and management sciences, 2024

In this paper, the role of nanoparticles which is revolutionizing the cancer treatment is presented in brief. The nanoparticles have become a popular choice in drug delivery due to their unique physicochemical properties, which offer various advantages for drug solubility improvement, specific cell targeting, controlled drug release, protection against degradation or elimination, and reduced toxicity to healthy cells. These properties have made nanoparticles a valuable tool in drug delivery for a wide range of diseases. Nanoparticles can be engineered to specifically target cells or tissues, which can increase drug efficacy while reducing side effects. Nanoparticles can also improve drug solubility in water, leading to better delivery and efficacy of poorly soluble drugs. Controlled drug release from nanoparticles provides sustained drug delivery, reducing the need for frequent dosing and improving patient compliance. Additionally, nanoparticles can protect drugs from degradation or...

Journal of Functional Biomaterials

The advent of nanotechnology has brought about revolutionary innovations in biological research techniques and medical practice. In recent years, various “smart” nanocarriers have been introduced to deliver therapeutic agents specifically to the tumor tissue in a controlled manner, thereby minimizing their side effects and reducing both dosage and dosage frequency. A large number of nanoparticles have demonstrated initial success in preclinical evaluation but modest therapeutic benefits in the clinical setting, partly due to insufficient delivery to the tumor site and penetration in tumor tissue. Therefore, a precise understanding of the relationships betweenthe physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their interaction with the surrounding microenvironment in the body is extremely important for achieving higher concentrations and better functionality in tumor tissues. This knowledge would help to effectively combine multiple advantageous functions in one nanoparticle. The ma...

Journal of Drug Targeting, 2013

Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and advanced techniques for therapy are urgently needed. The development of novel nanomaterials and nanocarriers has allowed a major drive to improve drug delivery in cancer. The major aim of most nanocarrier applications has been to protect the drug from rapid degradation after systemic delivery and allowing it to reach tumor site at therapeutic concentrations, meanwhile avoiding drug delivery to normal sites as much as possible to reduce adverse effects. These nanocarriers are formulated to deliver drugs either by passive targeting, taking advantage of leaky tumor vasculature or by active targeting using ligands that increase tumoral uptake potentially resulting in enhanced antitumor efficacy, thus achieving a net improvement in therapeutic index. The rational design of nanoparticles plays a critical role since structural and physical characteristics, such as size, charge, shape, and surface characteristics determine the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, internalization and safety of the drugs. In this review, we focus on several novel and improved strategies in nanocarrier design for cancer therapy.