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2007
In this paper it is described a solution to detect wrong way drivers on highways. The proposed solution is based on three main stages: Learning, Detection and Validation. In the first stage, the orientation pattern of vehicles motion flow is learned and modelled by a mixture of gaussians. The second stage (Detection and Temporal Validation) makes use of the learned orientation model to detect objects moving on lane's opposite direction. The third and final stage uses an Appearance based approach to ensure the detection of a vehicle before triggering an alarm. This methodology has proven to be quite robust in terms of different weather conditions, illumination and image quality. Some experiments carried out with several movies from traffic surveillance cameras on highways show the robustness of the proposed solution.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2007
In this paper a solution to detect wrong way drivers on highways is presented. The proposed solution is based on three main stages: Learning, Detection and Validation. Firstly, the orientation pattern of vehicles motion flow is learned and modelled by a mixture of gaussians. The second stage (Detection and Temporal Validation) applies the learned orientation model in order to detect objects moving in the lane's opposite direction. The third and final stage uses an Appearance-based approach to ensure the detection of a vehicle before triggering an alarm. This methodology has proven to be quite robust in terms of different weather conditions, illumination and image quality. Some experiments carried out with several movies from traffic surveillance cameras on highways show the robustness of the proposed solution.
Computer Standards & Interfaces, 1999
We describe an optical flow based obstacle detection system for use in detecting vehicles approaching the blind spot of a car on highways and city streets. The system runs at near frame rate (8-15 frames/second) on PC hardware. We will discuss the prediction of a camera image given an implicit optical flow field and comparison with the actual camera image. The advantage to this approach is that we never explicitly calculate optical flow. We will also present results on digitized highway images, and video taken from Navlab 5 while driving on a Pittsburgh highway.
2021 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST), 2021
Traffic safety is an important topic in the intelligent transportation system. One major factor that causes traffic accident is anomalous driving. This paper presents a novel anomalous driving detection method in videos, which can detect unsafe anomalous driving behaviors. The contributions of this paper are three-fold. First, a new multiple object tracking (MOT) method is proposed to extract the velocities and trajectories of moving foreground objects in video. The new MOT method is a motion based tracking method, which integrates the temporal and spatial features. Second, a novel Gaussian local velocity (GLV) modeling method is presented to model the normal moving behavior in traffic videos. The GLV model is built for every location in the video frame, and updated online. Third, a discrimination function is proposed to detect anomalous driving behaviors. Experimental results using the real traffic data from the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) show that our proposed method can perform anomalous driving detection fast and accurately.
2018
This document describes an advanced system and methodology for Cross Traffic Alert (CTA), able to detect vehicles that move into the vehicle driving path from the left or right side. The camera is supposed to be not only on a vehicle still, e.g. at a traffic light or at an intersection, but also moving slowly, e.g. in a car park. In all of the aforementioned conditions, a driver’s short loss of concentration or distraction can easily lead to a serious accident. A valid support to avoid these kinds of car crashes is represented by the proposed system. It is an extension of our previous work, related to a clustering system, which only works on fixed cameras. Just a vanish point calculation and simple optical flow filtering, to eliminate motion vectors due to the car relative movement, is performed to let the system achieve high performances with different scenarios, cameras and resolutions. The proposed system just uses as input the optical flow, which is hardware implemented in the p...
2017
Due to increase of vehicle usage all around the world, the importance of safety driving in traffic is increasing. All of the countries around the world are taking actions to increase the safety driving habitats and decrease the number oftraffic accidents. One of the applied precautions is to put necessary automatic auditing mechanisms into service for controlling the drivers as they drive since reckless drivers may not obey many traffic rules. In this study, image andvideo processing based methods are applied to identify the dangerously lane changing vehicles/drivers in the traffic. The proposed method focuses on to detect three different violations in traffic: the vehicles frequently changingtraffic lanes, the vehicles changing lanes when it is forbidden, and the vehicles overtaking the other vehicles using the right lanes instead of left one. The proposed method is based on the image and video processing techniques. Itfirst detects the vehicles in video sequences, then tracks ...
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2008
Overtaking and lane changing are very dangerous driving maneuvers due to possible driver distraction and blind spots. We propose an aid system based on image processing to help the driver in these situations. The main purpose of an overtaking monitoring system is to segment the rear view and track the overtaking vehicle. We address this task with an optic-flow-driven scheme, focusing on the visual field in the side mirror by placing a camera on top of it. When driving a car, the ego-motion optic-flow pattern is very regular, i.e., all the static objects (such as trees, buildings on the roadside, or landmarks) move backwards. An overtaking vehicle, on the other hand, generates an optic-flow pattern in the opposite direction, i.e., moving forward toward the vehicle. This well-structured motion scenario facilitates the segmentation of regular motion patterns that correspond to the overtaking vehicle. Our approach is based on two main processing stages: First, the computation of optical flow in real time uses a customized digital signal processor (DSP) particularly designed for this task and, second, the tracking stage itself, based on motion pattern analysis, which we address using a standard processor. We present a validation benchmark scheme to evaluate the viability and robustness of the system using a set of overtaking vehicle sequences to determine a reliable vehicle-detection distance.
2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering, 2007
In today's world the public understands video COMPASS is a freeway traffic management system surveillance systems as a series of Closed Circuit developed by the Ontario Ministry of Transportation Television (CCTV) systems. People imagine tens of (MTO) to respond to traffic congestion problems on urban cameras connected to tens of remote monitors, controlled freeways. This system helps the MTO increase road safety by multiple personal who pay attention to people, vehicles, by: and suspicious objects to improve overall public safety. Increasingly this view is incorrect as most systems are a Allowing for detection and removal of freeway controlled and monitored using some form of computer accidents and vehicle breakdowns. vision system. d Providing accurate freeway delay information to motorists, and, Transportation safety is a key area where video a Effective managing of rush hour traffic flow. surveillance is usedfor public safety. Canada's road safety vision is "to have the safest roads in the world". In order Improvements in image processing technologies have to provide this type of road safety a CCTV system called allowed traffic vision systems to detect more than just COMPASS has been deployed to monitor traffic. However, traffic flow and density [3]. These systems are now capable a computer vision monitoring system like this raises of collecting, analyzing, and recording the standard data as interesting and difficult problems for automated image well as more complex tasks like verifying incidents, processing. The changing lighting conditions have lead to algorithms which require a great deal of computational casfying ile m oni ir o, power to meet the needs of real-time operations and monitoring. In this paper we propose a new pre-processing approach to helping minimize nighttime lighting concerns Computer vision-based traffic safety monitoring systems by generating a nighttime view with daytime contrastfrom traditionally perform three main calculations; Vehicle ayseqernc o nimgetfmes wthroh time. c detection, motion detection [5] (including direction), and a sequence oy imagefJrames through time.* f calculation vehicle speed [6]. Traffic flow monitoring Keywords: Traffic Montobased on computer vision extracts information about the Kroeyword trafficMo r Vision flow of motion from multiple images acquired with cameras Processing, Computer Vision located along the freeway. Using the same sequence of images, the speed of the traffic can also be calculated to
A fundamental goal of an overtaking monitor system is the segmentation of the overtaking vehicle. This application can be addressed through an optical flow driven scheme. We focus on the rear mirror visual field using a camera on the top of it. If we drive a car, the ego-motion optical flow pattern is more or less unidirectional, i.e. all the static objects and landmarks move backwards. On the other hand, an overtaking car generates an optical flow pattern in the opposite direction, i.e. moving forward towards our car. This makes motion processing schemes specially appropriate for an overtaking monitor application. We have implemented a highly parallel bio-inspired optical flow algorithm and tested it with real overtaking sequences in different weather conditions. We have developed a post-processing optical flow step that allows us to estimate the car position. We have tested it using a bank of overtaking car sequences. The overtaking vehicle position can be used to send useful aler...
2016 IEEE Sixth International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), 2016
The application of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is very important in developing societies nowadays. Vehicle monitoring is one of the primary tasks of ITS, where vehicles are classified by lanes for traffic management, especially in case of a mixed flow of motorcycles and other automobiles in the transport system of Vietnam. This paper proposes a new approach in vehicle classification, which is based on evaluation of the direction angle of the first primary axis of each coming vehicle detected in the captured video sequence and map into the predetermined database to mark it as motorcycle or automobiles instead of consideration of vehicle size. The experimental results show that the classification performance is promising, especially for motorcycles and cars, and therefore is applicable in detection of vehicle penalties moving in wrong lanes.
https://www.ajer.org/current-issue.html, 2022
Everyone has experienced fatigue and sleepiness while driving. This makes him not know the direction so that it violates traffic and can cause an accident. Violations that usually occur are breaking through traffic lights and violating road markings. Therefore, a simulation software was made to help negligent and sleepy drivers not to violate traffic and reduce accidents. The technology used is image processing with C# programming and the EmguCV library using the Haar Cascade Classifier and Color Detection methods. Haarlike features are rectangular features, which give a specific indication of an image. The captured image will be processed in two stages, namely preprocessing to detect markings and Gaussian filter to detect traffic lights. The results of the preprocessing will be processed in the Haar Cascade Classifier to get the ROI of the marker and then look for the coordinates to find the distance between the marker and the driver. The limit used in measuring distance is 25.57 cm (85 pixels). If the coordinate distance is less than 25.57 cm, the alarm will sound and alert the driver to stay away from the marker and if the coordinate distance is more than 25.57 cm, the alarm will be off. While the results of the gaussian filter will be converted into HSV frames to detect red and green colors using the color pixel values of each color. The color of the light can be detected when the contour size value is between 0 and 6.
IRJET, 2022
A tunnel is an underground passageway, dug through the encompassing soil/earth/rock and encased aside from entry and exit, usually at each end. Tunnels are developed for the convenience of people. Some tunnels allow traffic to only move in one direction. But there may be incidents where people may break this rule, leading to traffic jams or accidents. Therefore, to avoid this real-time problem we have developed a system named Cloud based wrong-way vehicle motion detection system which will detect the movement of vehicles in the wrong direction and capture an image of the vehicle and store it in the cloud storage. Cloud-based wrong-way vehicle motion detection system will also be helpful to prevent accidents on one way and will reduce the manual work. As it is a onetime investment and as it reduces manual work it becomes cost effective. There is no requirement of policeman at the site to keep watch on people for 24 hours. It can detect multiple vehicles coming from the wrong direction and can capture images of the same. Whereas, manually it is difficult to catch more people coming from the wrong direction.
Proceedings of Spie the International Society For Optical Engineering, 2009
Visual surveillance for traffic systems requires short processing time, low processing cost and high reliability. Under those requirements, image processing technologies offer a variety of systems and methods for Intelligence Transportation Systems (ITS) as a platform for traffic Automatic Incident Detection (AID). There exist two classes of AID methods mainly studied: one is based on inductive loops, radars, infrared sonar and microwave detectors and the other is based on video images. The first class of methods suffers from drawbacks in that they are expensive to install and maintain and they are unable to detect slow or stationary vehicles. Video sensors, on the other hand, offer a relatively low installation cost with little traffic disruption during maintenance. Furthermore, they provide wide area monitoring allowing analysis of traffic flows and turning movements, speed measurement, multiple-point vehicle counts, vehicle classification and highway state assessment, based on precise scene motion analysis. This paper suggests the utilization of traffic models for real-time vision-based traffic analysis and automatic incident detection. First, the traffic flow variables, are introduced. Then, it is described how those variables can be measured from traffic video streams in real-time. Having the traffic variables measured, a robust automatic incident detection scheme is suggested. The results presented here, show a great potential for integration of traffic flow models into video based intelligent transportation systems. The system real time performance is achieved by utilizing multi-core technology using standard parallelization algorithms and libraries (OpenMP, IPP).
Journal of Engineering Research and Reports
Vehicle detection, tracking, and counting play a significant role in traffic surveillance and are principle applications of the Intelligent Transport System (ITS). Traffic congestion and accidents can be prevented with an adequate solution to problems. In this paper, we implemented different image processing techniques to detect and track the moving vehicle from the videos captured by a stationary camera and count the total number of vehicles passed by. The proposed approach consists of an optical flow method with a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to obtain an absolute shape of particular moving objects which improves the detection performance of moving targets.
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011
The paper presents a vehicle counting method based on invariant moments and shadow aware foreground masks. Estimation of the background and the segmentation of foreground regions can be done using either the Mixture of Gaussians model (MoG) or an improved version of the Group Based Histogram (GBH) technique. The work demonstrates that, even though the improved GBH method delivers performance just as good as MoG, considering computational efficiency, MoG is more suitable. Shadow aware binary masks for each frame are formed by using background subtraction and shadow removal in the Hue Saturation and Value (HSV) domain. To determine new vehicles in the subsequent frame (in addition to those in the current frame), invariant moments are used. For vehicles which are the same model and brand, color information and distance between center of mass and an imaginary reference line need to be considered. As for classification, the paper proposes a new method based on perspective projection of the scene geometry. The classification is grouped into three major tracks: bikes, saloon cars, and long vehicles. For each category, a lower and an upper bounding curve are developed to show the extent of their associated modality regions.
Real-Time Image and Video Processing 2009, 2009
Visual surveillance for traffic systems requires short processing time, low processing cost and high reliability. Under those requirements, image processing technologies offer a variety of systems and methods for Intelligence Transportation Systems (ITS) as a platform for traffic Automatic Incident Detection (AID). There exist two classes of AID methods mainly studied: one is based on inductive loops, radars, infrared sonar and microwave detectors and the other is based on video images. The first class of methods suffers from drawbacks in that they are expensive to install and maintain and they are unable to detect slow or stationary vehicles. Video sensors, on the other hand, offer a relatively low installation cost with little traffic disruption during maintenance. Furthermore, they provide wide area monitoring allowing analysis of traffic flows and turning movements, speed measurement, multiple-point vehicle counts, vehicle classification and highway state assessment, based on precise scene motion analysis. This paper suggests the utilization of traffic models for real-time vision-based traffic analysis and automatic incident detection. First, the traffic flow variables, are introduced. Then, it is described how those variables can be measured from traffic video streams in real-time. Having the traffic variables measured, a robust automatic incident detection scheme is suggested. The results presented here, show a great potential for integration of traffic flow models into video based intelligent transportation systems. The system real time performance is achieved by utilizing multi-core technology using standard parallelization algorithms and libraries (OpenMP, IPP).
IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 1998
This paper describes procedures for obtaining a reliable and dense optical flow from image sequences taken by a television (TV) camera mounted on a car moving in usual outdoor scenarios. The optical flow can be computed from these image sequences by using several techniques. Differential techniques to compute the optical flow do not provide adequate results, because of a poor texture in images and the presence of shocks and vibrations experienced by the TV camera during image acquisition. By using correlation based techniques and by correcting the optical flows for shocks and vibrations, useful sequences of optical flows can be obtained. When the car is moving along a flat road and the optical axis of the TV camera is parallel to the ground, the motion field is expected to be almost quadratic and have a specific structure. As a consequence the egomotion can be estimated from this optical flow and information on the speed and the angular velocity of the moving vehicle are obtained. By analyzing the optical flow it is possible to recover also a coarse segmentation of the flow, in which objects moving with a different speed are identified. By combining information from intensity edges a better localization of motion boundaries are obtained. These results suggest that the optical flow can be successfully used by a vision system for assisting a driver in a vehicle moving in usual streets and motorways.
In this paper, an enhanced optical flow analysis based moving vehicle detection and tracking system has been developed. A novel multidirectional brightness-intensity constraints (MBIGC) estimation and fusion based optical flow analysis (MDFOA) technique has been proposed that performs simultaneous pixel's intensity and velocity estimation in a moving frame for detecting and tracking the moving vehicle. The conventional Lucas Kanade and Horn Schunck optical flow analysis algorithms have been enhanced by incorporating a multidirectional BIGC estimation, which has been further enriched with a non-linear adaptive median filter based denoising. Such novelties have significantly enhanced the video segmentation and detection. A vector magnitude threshold based MDOFA algorithm has been developed for motion vector retrieval that eventually enables swift and precise moving vehicle segmentation from the background frame. A heuristic filtering based blog analysis has been applied for vehicle tracking. The MATLAB based simulation reveals that MDFOA-HS outperforms LK in terms of execution time and detection accuracy. In addition, the accurate traffic density estimation affirms robustness of the proposed system to be used in intelligent transport system.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2011
The goal of this work is to propose a solution to improve a driver's safety while changing lanes on the highway. In fact, if the driver is not aware of the presence of a vehicle in his blindspot a crash can occur. In this article we propose a method to monitor the blindspot zone using video feeds and warn the driver of any dangerous situation. In order to fit in a real time embedded car safety system, we avoid using any complex techniques such as classification and learning. The blindspot monitoring algorithm we expose here is based on a features tracking approach by optical flow calculation. The features to track are chosen essentially given their motion patterns that must match those of a moving vehicle and are filtered in order to overcome the presence of noise. We can then take a decision on a car presence in the blindspot given the tracked features density. To illustrate our approach we present some results using video feeds captured on the highway.
… , IEEE Transactions on, 2006
AbstractIntelligent vision-based traffic surveillance systems are assuming an increasingly important role in highway moni-toring and road management schemes. This paper describes a low-level object tracking system that produces accurate vehicle motion trajectories that can be ...
2016 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST), 2016
TYAs paper looks at some of the algorithms that can be used for effective detection and tracking of vehicles, in particular for statistical analysis. The main methods for tracking discussed and implemented are blob analysis, optical flow and foreground detection. A further analysis is also done testing two of the techniques using a number of video sequences that include different levels of difficulties.
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