What is Racism?

Saúde e Sociedade

American Philosophical Quarterly, 2023

Racism as an independent topic of inves-tigation in philosophy has considerably developed since the 1990s, when it appeared as part of growing debates that, on the one hand, investigated the political meaning of race and, on the other, its ontology and whether it existed at all. Likewise, with the idea of racism, its broadly normative meaning is critiqued by some philosophers, while others ask how best to conceive of it and identify its immorality. There were a few early and significant forays in philosophy about the nature of racism, of which three works stand out because of the way they set the terms of the debate: David Theo Goldberg’s Racist Culture, Charles W. Mills’s The Racial Contract, and Jorge L.A. Garcia’s “The Heart of Racism.”1 This collection reacts to the latter fork in the discussion but does so in ways that significantly touch on the former.

Ethnic and Racial Studies, 2015

Stellenbosch Theological Journal, 2018

This paper is inspired by the experience of a black student who underwent racist treatment in Brazil. Nowadays, racism may appear in any societal structure. Misuse of power is one of the causes of violence and racism. A person who finds him-or herself in a position of some power may, while acting in the name of "law", turn into an incarnation of the law. This paper wishes to speak out on matters of violence, oppression and racism which are spreading in society. The faces of racism need to be shown, even where racism is institutionalized.

Oxford Handbooks Online, 2013

This chapter investigates the persistence of racism in the production and maintenance of postcolonial cultural identity through an examination of the major critical frameworks that have informed the analysis, over the past several decades, of theorizing in postcolonial studies: the anti-colonial writings of Frantz Fanon and Albert Memmit; the poststructuralist turn in race theory marked by the work of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Homi Bhabha and Henry Louis Gates, Jr.; and, most recently, the move towards questions of biopolitics, ethnicity and neo-racism as mobilized in the work of Michel Foucault and Etienne Balibar. The chapter evaluates the significance of positing race as a negative and repressive structure while also emphasizing race's generative function as a technology of government within modern society.

Alternatives, 2001

DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO DEL CIES, 2020

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, a disastrous event occurred in the United States, the death of George Floyd, the brutal murder of George Floyd. This event provoked numerous reactions of outrage, sadness, rejection and moral fatigue. Thousands of people throughout the United States, in Europe, in Latin America and across the rest of the world, demonstrated against racism in the context of the most widespread pandemic of recent centuries. Hundreds of thousands of people sensitized themselves, once again so far this century, to the "programmed" excesses of a capitalism that can only respond with death. In this framework, a group of friends and colleagues decided to deliver some words as untimely reflections on what happened, on its significance, on its meaning in context. The Center for Research and Sociological Studies proposed to prepare this Working Document which I am now pleased to present. Beyond stylistic refinement and editorial care, what is presented here are reflections of academics from three continents on what happened. Continuing the critical “dictum” of all the social sciences, the works presented here, brief but incisive, are the testimony of how multiple views and the diverse ways of seeing the world are necessary to elaborate a common criticism of all kinds of injustice and all kinds of inequality.

Teaching Sociology, 2016

This paper offers a theoretical analysis race and racism as products of the TransAtlantic Slave Trade System. The author endeavors to demonstrate the continued power of the system of racism and its deleterious impact on the life chances of people of African descent. Particular social and institutional contexts are examined in order to demonstrate the intractability of white supremacy. Lastly, the author offers insights on how the recommendations of the TransAtlantic Slave Trade Project can serve to address the vexing legacy of the maafa.

In the backdrop of the abolition of slave trade and the end of colonialism, one will think that racism and all its prejudices have been laid to rest. The spate of happenings on the planet, particularly in Europe and America, will go far to demonstrate that supremacist belief systems are a long way from been stifled. Racism often induce feeling of superiority amongst people and also among nations such that some nations view others with a disdainful and obligatory attitude to help, thereby placing unnecessary injunctions and policies to retain their hold on such countries as is discernible in neo-colonialism. Furthermore, there is a feeling of discrimination against anything Islam and black such that black is regarded as ugly and both should be treated with suspicion. This work intends to look at the difference faces of racism throughout history and the rationale behind it. This work is critical in light of the fact that it looks at the raising racist belief systems and tries to highlight the requirement for social change and advance as it influences human improvement.