Combining ability and heterosis in common bean cultivars

Bragantia, 2000

Eight morpho-agronomic traits have been measured in six common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars and their 15 hybrids aiming to estimate parents potential per se and heterotic effects of hybrid combinations (Gardner and Ebehart's method, 1966). Enough variability has bees detected among the parents for most of the studied characters. Excepting first pod insertion height the results have shown a great deal of complementation for the scored traits. Hybrids LPSPI 93-17 x FT Nobre and LPSPI 93-19 x FT Nobre have revealed the highest chances of selecting for earlier plant emergence and flowering cycle; on the other hand, 'LPSPI 93-17', 'Ápore', 'Rudá' and 'Campeão-1' have presented high potentials per se, as well as in hybrid combinations, for grain yielding increases.

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2000

Six common bean cultivars (LPSPI 93-17, LPSPI 93-19, FT-Nobre, Aporé, Rudá and Campeão-1) and their 15 diallel hybrids were evaluated for four agronomic characteristics using Griffing's methodology (1956). The analysis indicated the predominance of non-additive gene effects for days to germination and plant height. The mean number of days to flowering and mean height of the first pod insertion were predominantly controlled by genes showing additive effects. The results showed that LPSI 93-19 and Aporé were indicated for intra-population breeding, while the combinations LPSPI 93-17 x FT-Nobre, LPSPI 93-17 x Aporé, LPSPI 93-17 x Rudá, LPSPI 93-19 x Campeão-1, FT-Nobre x Aporé and Rudá x Campeão-1 were indicated for interpopulational breeding. Plants with reduced height, greater height of first pod insertion, fewer number of days to flowering and to emergence can be obtained from the segregant population of the crosses LPSPI 93-17 x FT-Nobre and LPSPI 93-19 x Rudá.

Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 2008

The objective of this work was to determine the combining ability and heterosis, for productivity and yield components, in diallel hybrids derived from crossings between BRSMG-Talismã, IPR Uirapuru, FT Soberano, BRS Campeiro, IAC Tybatã, and IPR Juriti parent cultivars. Fifteen hybrids were generated from diallel crosses, excluding reciprocals. The general and specific combining abilities were significant for plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, 50-seed weight, and grain yield, indicating the occurrence of both additive and nonadditive genetic effects. The best strategy to be adopted is the use of BRS Campeiro, FT Soberano and BRSMG-Talismã cultivars in common bean breeding programs involving selection. The most promising combinations were 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'IAC Tybatã', 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'FT Soberano', 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IPR Juriti', and 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IAC Tybatã'. The parents of these hybrids presented high estimates of specific combining abilities. Hybridization of cultivars belonging to distinguished commercial groups propitiates higher heterosis values in the segregant population.

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2002

This common bean study was carried out to improve the understanding of the several strategies that can be used to obtain segregant populations in self-pollinating plant breeding programs. Eight inbred lines were crossed in a pyramidal form, and four single, two double and one multiple hybrid were obtained. The potential of the different hybrids was investigated based on the performance of the F 2 and F 2 plus F 3 segregant populations. The potential for obtaining superior inbred lines was estimated by (m + a), which is the average of the F ∞ inbred lines, and by the probability of a given population producing inbred lines that outperform the yield of the Pérola cultivar by 20%. It was shown that the use of multiple crosses is not advantageous when breeders have well defined objectives and experimental conditions to assess and identify the most promising segregant populations.

Euphytica, 1996

Despite the growing industrialization, technification and transformation that is happening in the agriculture around the world, and despite that agricultural research has always concentrated its effort on sole crops, multiple cropping systems have historically been important for common bean production in tropical countries. The reasons for this fact, are economical and social, as well as biological. Bean breeders have always been questioned on their work, because the development of new varieties is usually done in sole crop, but the varieties are grown in either systems. This paper addresses a set of questions that are usually presented to the breeders, in light of the evidence obtained from many trials conducted in Brazil and in the U.S.A.: Will the genotypes bred for sole crop conditions, perform well when grown in intercrop; How different should a genotype be, for cultivation in intercropping compared to genotypes developed for sole crop conditions; Is there a need for special breeding programs for intercropping and How could a breeding program focus the question of multiple (associated) cropping?

Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2013

Objective: A study to estimate better parent and economic heterosis in an 8x8 diallel crosses of common beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) was undertaken at Mandura, North Western Ethiopia. Methodology and Results: Eight parents and their 28 F1 diallel crosses were grown in a randomized complete block design. Yield and its components, architectural, and phenological traits were considered. Statistically significant differences were observed between the 36 genotypes for most of the traits studied. Analysis of better parent and economic heterosis respectively revealed 16 and 14 crosses out of 28 showed significant heterosis for yield per plant. Among which 12 and 7 crosses in the same order were positive. The extent of better parent heterosis for yield ranged from-31.14% (Dimtu x Tabor) to 114.1% (MAM-41 x Tabor). The maximum economic heterosis (60.58 %) was observed from the hybrid MAM-41 x Tabor .Significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) better parent heterosis was also observed for yield-associated traits. Conclusions and recommendation: In this study, expression of significant better parent heterosis for grain yield and other important traits was frequent in combinations of parents from different growth habits (MAM-41 x Tabor, Roba-1 x SK 93263), seed color (Tabor x Red wolayta, BELDAKMI RR 5 x SK 93263, Dimtu x Zebra), and seed size (Roba-1 x Tabor). The extent of percent better parent and economic heterosis like in the cross MAM-41 x Tabor with 114.103 % seed yield better parent heterosis and 60.6 % economic heterosis suggested that this hybrid could be further considered in the breeding program aiming both for segregant breeding and hybrid development.

Journal of Agricultural Studies, 2020

The agronomic performance and heterosis of common bean genotypes were evaluated using the diallel cross between two cultivars IPR Uirapuru and IPR Campos Gerais and five local varieties BGU-1, BGU-7, BGU-13, BGU-36 and BGU-36 and its 21 possible diallel hybrids. The treatments were evaluated under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design with ten replications, at the Empresa Mato-Grossense de Pesquisa, Assistência e Extensão Rural (EMPAER), in the county of Cáceres, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The characteristics were evaluated: average number of days for emergence, number of days for flowering, average height of insertion of the first pod, average final height of plants, average stem diameter, average longitudinal length of pods, average total number of pods per plant, average number of seeds per pod, average number of seeds per plant, average weight of seeds and grain production. Based on the set of analysis performed and the characteristics evaluated, it can be conclu...

Revista Ceres

The selection of common bean lines with intermediate cycle, upright plant architecture and high grain yield is an important goal of breeding programs. This study proposes to examine the genetic diversity of common bean genotypes for agronomic traits, select superior genotypes for traits that provide high agronomic performance and define promising crosses. Seventeen common bean genotypes were evaluated in two growing seasons in 2019. A total of 17 agronomic traits were determined, which comprised the cycle, 12 traits related to plant architecture and four traits related to production. All traits exhibited a significant genotype × environment interaction, except for lodging and insertion of the first pod. Tocher's and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analyses resulted in the formation of three groups of genotypes. Tocher and UPGMA analyses do not allow identifying differences between the superior genotypes of high agronomic performance. Cultivars Fepagro Triunfo and Fepagro Garapiá and lines SM 1510 and Linhagem 110, selected by the multiplicative index, stand out for different agronomic traits. The cross between cultivars Fepagro Triunfo and Fepagro Garapiá (superior agronomic traits) is recommended for the breeding program. Recombiants with high agronomic performance could be setected from the tested hybrid combinations.

American Journal of BioScience, 2021

Haricot bean, often known as Boleqe in Ethiopia. It is a major legume crop produced widely all over the world. Depending on the variety, it may adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions, from sea level to almost 3000 meters above sea level. It thrives commonly in warm climates with temperatures ranging from 18 to 24°C. Despite its importance for nutrition and export, haricot bean production in Ethiopia is limited to small regions and small-scale growers, with little or no fertilizer or soil amendments being employed. The responses of the haricot bean varieties to each limitation varied, although they are mostly determined by the environmental conditions. The main bottle neck of haricot bean production is the lack of improved high producing cultivars that suit to each agroecology. The current experiment was carried out on six released haricot bean varieties with half diallel without reciprocal crosses on the field to make F1 hybrids in all possible combinations and with the objective of evaluation of agronomic traits of haricot bean varieties and performing their half diallel cross by using complete block design. An analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference in yield contributing components among these released varieties at 5% probability level for most of the traits. This suggests that the released haricot bean varieties have a high genetic variation.

Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019

Oil of castor bean despite its wide range of use, still present a relevant deficit in the Brazilian market. This deficit could be softened or extinguished with increased productivity, in which the genetic aspect has a great contribution. The most productive genotypes are the hybrid varieties, however for obtaining the hybrids pure lineages are required which have appropriate agronomic characteristics and that express the minimum of inbreeding depression. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the inbreeding depression of castor bean progenies, from the cultivar FCA-PB, resulting from three types of pollination. The experiments were implanted in design in randomized blocks, in the 30 × 3 factorial scheme, being 30 progenies and 3 types of pollination (free, cross and self-pollination), in 2 environments (São Manuel and Araçatuba) and in 2 crops (2004/2005 and 2005/2006), with three replications. Inbreeding depression was estimated under the grain productivity variable. ...