A Real Time Simulation and Modeling of Flood Hazard

2018

Climate change has serious implications on our environment. Examples of such natural risks are massive rainfalls and the rise of ocean levels. Millions of people are exposed to the risk of extreme floods and storms. It is therefore crucial to develop analytical tools that allow us to evaluate the threats of floods and to investigate the influence of mitigation and adaptation measures, such as stronger dikes, adaptive spatial planning, and flood disaster plans. The objective of our work is to present a flood management system that aims to model and visualize floods. It provides realistic images to help users in understanding and interpreting these disaster scenarios. In order to investigate the applicability in practice, we illustrated the use of our system for real-world data in a case study for the city of Paris, France.

2001

A system that builds desktop virtual reality models based on topographic maps and its application to tidal dynamics analysis is shown. The virtual reality model allows the user to explore the scene from any possible point of view, also permitting to alter the level of the sea simulating tides and flooding. Flooded and dry areas are visible at each water level, and the flooding pattern can be assessed.

2014

Currently available and common techniques of spatial data acquisition enable to acquire three-dimensional data with high precision, accuracy and reliability Simultaneously, Poland is developing ISOK – the IT system dedicated for protection against extreme hazard (especially floods) that is a valuable source of high-quality spatial data and maps. To avoid the limitation of static, two-dimensional cartographic presentation of the flood phenomenon, the concept of 3D GIS system was developed, that is dedicated for spatial data integration and 3D visualization of floods. It uses ISOK products, as well as external hydrodynamic modeling system, 3D models of building and vegetation obtain from laser scanning. Data management and processing is performed using ArcGIS 10.0 software. The paper describes briefly the ISOK system, important issues related with hydrodynamic modeling and data integration. It shows also the preliminary results of 3D flood visualization in large scale, with 3D buildin...

2003

This paper describes an approach to develop a high performance animation environment for storm surge. The system provides the capability to simulate the storm surge effects in the physical world by (1) modeling a region using the airborne light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) data, USGS orthophotos, RLG road data and photos; (2) animating the storm impact by using the features of this model; and (3) providing the capability for users to explore the animation environment. We present our system by modeling the dataset collected from Ft. Lauderdale, a region in South Florida, USA.

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021

Most of the approaches in numerical modeling techniques are based on the Eulerian coordinate system. This approach faces difficulty in simulating flash flood front propagation. This paper shows an alternative method that implements a numerical modeling technique based on the Lagrangian coordinate system to simulate the water of debris flow. As for the interaction with the riverbed, the simulation uses an Eulerian coordinate system. The method uses the conservative and momentum equations of water and sediment mixture in the Lagrangian form. Source terms represent deposition and erosion. The riverbed in the Eulerian coordinate system interacts with the flow of the mixture. At every step, the algorithm evaluates the relative position of moving nodes of the flow part to the fixed nodes of the riverbed. Computation of advancing velocity and depth uses the riverbed elevation, slope data, and the bed elevation change computation uses the erosion or deposition data of the flow on the moving nodes. Spatial discretization is implementing the Galerkin method. Furthermore, temporal discretization is implementing the forward difference scheme. Test runs show that the algorithm can simulate downward, upward, and reflected backward 1-D flow cases. Two-D model tests and comparisons with SIMLAR software show that the algorithm works in simulating debris flow.

2010 23rd SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images, 2010

Realistic rain scenes animation is a complex task due to both the rendering and fluid dynamics simulation issues. The associated phenomena, like rain strokes rendering, splashing of raindrops and the simulation of the generated surface flow are known difficulties in this area. This paper describes a computational framework to incorporate these elements in a scene containing a digital terrain model (DTM). In the rain model, the raindrops are modeled by a particle system implemented in GPU. Each particle represents a drop and the Precomputed Radiance Transfer (PRT), expressed in a spherical harmonics bases, is used to incorporate environment lightning to the rendering engine. The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is employed for simulating the superficial flow over the terrain and lake formations. The rendering of the fluid free surface is performed by applying an environment mapping technique plus Fresnel effects to a regular geometric representation known as "carpet". The experimental results show the potential of the proposed pipeline for computer graphics and highlight the fact that it is a promising framework for real time applications.

Flood is an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially in the area of normally dry land which can cause many losses. To minimize those effects and to predict flood occurrence, simulation and mathematical models are required. The purpose of this paper is to develop a numerical algorithm for flood simulation and visualization in West Jakarta, Indonesia. The numerical algorithm was constructed based on shallow water equations (SWEs) that were solved by using finite volume method (FVM) and first order well-balanced scheme equipped with the dynamic domain defining method. The numerical algorithm was validated in the scenario of Kleefsman's dam breaking test case. The result of validation shows that experiments have good agreement with the simulation data. The numerical algorithm and investigated software were applied to terrain data of West Jakarta, Indonesia. The simulated results were compared for two cases by involving with buildings and without buildings. The comparison shows that the algorithm with buildings can reduce the number of computational grid cells since the buildings grid cells were ignored. This algorithm and the software can be applied for other regions.

2019

Flood is a natural disaster caused directly by excessive amount of rain water, or indirectly by the global warming. Flood information can be disseminated using visual media such as 3D flood modelling. This study uses qualitative methods to review frequently used computer tools in 3D flood modelling. Currently, the generated 3D geovisualization results produced by the 3D modelling tools are lacking in terms of their aesthetics value. The purpose of this study is to analyse and select effective 3D geovisualization tools that could be merged with multimedia tools to create better aesthetics images. This study can offer insights into creating future 3D geovisualization based on spatial and non-spatial data that are more realistic and rich with aesthetics value. The analysis was conducted using SWOT analysis in order to find out strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of each tools. Result shows that some commonly used 3D geovisualization tools such as ArcGIS and FME can be comb...

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2015

Developing strategies to mitigate or to adapt to the threats of floods is an important topic in the context of climate changes. Many of the world's cities are endangered due to rising ocean levels and changing precipitation patterns. It is therefore crucial to develop analytical tools that allow us to evaluate the threats of floods and to investigate the influence of mitigation and adaptation measures, such as stronger dikes, adaptive spatial planning, and flood disaster plans. Up until the present, analytical tools have only been accessible to Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change domain experts, as the involved simulation processes are complex and rely on computational and data-intensive models. Outputs of these analytical tools are presented to practitioners (i.e., policy analysts and political decision-makers) on maps or in graphical user interfaces. In practice, this output is only used in limited measure because practitioners often have different information requirements or do not trust the direct outcome. Nonetheless, literature indicates that a closer collaboration between domain experts and practitioners can ensure that the information requirements of practitioners are better aligned with the opportunities and limitations of analytical tools. The objective of our work is to present a step forward in the effort to make analytical tools in flood management accessible for practitioners to support this collaboration between domain experts and practitioners. Our system allows the user to interactively control the simulation process (addition of water sources or influence of rainfall), while a realistic visualization allows the user to mentally map the results onto the real world. We have developed several novel algorithms to present and interact with flood data. We explain the technologies, discuss their necessity alongside test cases, and introduce a user study to analyze the reactions of practitioners to our system. We conclude that, despite the complexity of flood simulation models and the size of the involved data sets, our system is accessible for practitioners of flood management so that they can carry out flood simulations together with domain experts in interactive work sessions. Therefore, this work has the potential to significantly change the decision-making process and may become an important asset in choosing sustainable flood mitigations and adaptation strategies.

This paper is devoted to 3D modelling at the city level from data sources considered as open. The open data presented in this paper enable free usage, modifications, and sharing by anyone for any purpose. The main motivation was to verify feasibility of a 3D visualization of floods purely based on open technologies and data. The presented state-of-the-art analysis comprises the evaluation of available 3D open data sources, including formats, Web-based technologies, and software used for visualizations of 3D models. A pilot Web application visualizing floods was developed to verify the applicability of discovered data sources. 3D visualizations of terrain models, 3D buildings, flood areas, flood walls and other related information are available in a pilot application for a selected part of the city of Prague. The management of different types of input data, the design of interactive functionality including navigation aids, and actual limitations and opportunities for future development are discussed in detail at the end.