Gender and Communication: Some Features of Women’s Speech

2019

It is generally known that perceptions of politeness become studies that are still widely researched by researchers using many theories. But there is missed side that hasn’t been observed from the observation, in which the perception, not only the result of an agreement by a social group but also comes from the basic knowledge that they acknowledge in the social group itself. This research examined the individual variability about im/politeness perceptions with reference to gender differences. There are three types of complaint conversations that became the object of this research. They are conversations spoken by the Sasak community, Indonesia. 60 Sasaknese became respondents in this study. With the same range of age between 30 to 40 years old. Data collected using a questioner technique (respondents were asked to fill in the questionnaire after listening to recorded conversations) and interviews. The results obtained in this research are, there are no significant differences betwe...

The 4th ICSSED, International Conference of Social Science and Education

This study described the concept of the politeness of the face of Minangkabau cultural leaders in applying communication patterns. This research generally described the Minangkabau people's perceptions of their cultural philosophy as stipulated in the sacred oath of the Bukit Marapalam Charter "Adat Basandi Syara", Syara "Basandi Kitabullah and verbal intelligence reflected from Alam Takambang Manjadi Guru. The Minangkabau cultural leaders consisting of the Tungku Tigo Sajarangan are Ninik mamak, Ulama (religion scholar) and Academic Scholar. The theory used is the collaboration of linguistic theory and Islamic communication theory. The study used descriptive qualitative techniques of observation, depth-interview and documentation. Data analysis used the Sudaryanto theory of matching and agitated methods. The results of the study showed that the nature of the facial concepts applied in Minangkabau culture was religiosity in the form of da'wah. In the concept of religion there are values of etiquette (Akhlakul karimah), egalitarian, critical thinking, truth and democracy.

Past researchers claimed that women and men are different in their speech from one another. The aim of this case study is to uncover the differences in linguistic features in the speech of men and women. The differences in the speech used by men and women are mainly marked by their choice in language forms, topics of conversation, etc. Some of the distinct features in the speech of men are they talk more than women, ask less questions and converse mainly on competitive matters, teasing, sports, aggression and doing things. Women focus on family, home, self, feelings and affiliation with others. However, findings by past researchers about which gender is more polite are rather contradicting. The present study replicates some of the major findings by yesteryear researchers. It is found that women use more polite forms of address than men, ask more questions and use more humours than men. Notably, men used slightly more of fillers, hedges and affirmatives than women. However, both genders are direct in their speech. It is also found that men's conversations focus on the topic of doing things i.e. works of entrepreneurs whereas women centre on the topics of home, self, feelings and affiliation with others. Analyzing the linguistic forms used, women appear more polite than men as they prefer using their ethnic group terms of address when addressing and referring to one another. Indeed, this study provides some insight and understanding about the differences in men and women's linguistics features in the Malaysian context which is made up of multi-racial society and rich in its varied cultures, customs, traditions, beliefs and religions.

Jurnal Linguistik Terapan Pascasarjana Unimed, 2014

The objectives of this study were to identify types of politeness strategies, to examine the differences of politeness patterns used by different gender and to see how the politeness strategies imply in the culture of “indirectness” a culture of Javanese who avoid being direct to utter something which were reflected in Javanese indirect speech acts in request. The approach used in this study are based on politeness theory of Brown & Levinson (1987); Bald-on record, Positive, Negative, and Off Record. This study employed descriptive qualitative design. The data were the transcription of recorded observation and interview using audiovisual recorder in Javanese social interaction in doing business transaction at “PasarRebo”, a traditional market in Deli Serdang, North Sumatera. The politeness strategies used were bald-on record strategy, positive politeness strategy and negative politeness strategy. Different strategies were performed by different gender; male dominantly used bald-on record strategy while female dominantly used positive politeness strategy. The realization of Javanese indirect speech acts used by female established an indirect correlation to politeness strategies and the culture of “indirectness” in Javanese. The realization of these politeness strategies by the speakers were aimed to minimize Face Threatening Acts to endeavor a harmony in social interaction. Keywords: Gender; Indirect speech act; Politeness strategiesement if they were taught by using TBL model

2017

Discussion of women and their language, or language and women's issues usually leads to the exposure of language differences between women and men. Many things underlie the emergence of differences between women and men from language use perspective. Previous studies described that the male language is more assertive, mature, and men like to speak openly with the right vocabulary. On the other hand, the language spoken by women is not firm, not overtly, and careful when expressing something, and often uses a more polite words or gestures. One way to learn women language is by examining their utterances while communicating, including interviews. This study aims to describe the features of the speeches of Najwa Shihab and President Joko Widodo from gender perspective. The data source in this study is an interview between Najwa Shihab as presenter, and Joko Widodo as a political figure as well as seventh Indonesian President, in a television program called "Mata Najwa". The results showed that in the interview, Najwa Shihab's emotions were very influential when interviewing President Joko Widodo and gave impact on the features of the speech she used when giving questions to the President.

2000

Abstract This article provides a descriptive analysis of politeness strategies in Lunda, a Bantu language of the Central African Plateau in the northwestern corner of Zambia. Drawing on the woks of Brown & Gilman (1960), and Brown and Levinson (1978), this study describes how and when address forms such as pronouns, kinship terms, teknonyms, personal names, and other strategies like taboos and euphemisms are used by the Lunda in their verbal interactions in order to convey the aspect of politeness. With data from live and recorded conversations, short telephone interviews, letters, and introspection, it came to light that the choices of linguistic strategies by interlocutors are guided by the social relationship that exists among them. Among the Lunda, this relationship is based on age, social status, and kinship. I will, however, demonstrate that age (nyaka) is not the only dominant index for expressing relationships between people (Pritchett 2001:126). Certain peculiarities should be noticed. For example, treating a wealthy youth with the same respect as an older person, as long as he uses his wealth to the benefit of others. Another common feature of the Lunda concept of relationship is the extension of kinship terms to non kins. I shall also observe that, though menstruation may be viewed negatively, as something to be avoided even in conversation, it also has some positive facets. The Lunda believe for instance that, aside being an indication of fertility, menstruation blood may be used by a woman to make love portion and eventually receive much needed affection from her husband. In addition, secluding of a menstruating woman and restraining her from cooking or touching utensils spare her from regular social and household chores. I will finally argue that with urbanization, caused by exodus from cities to rural areas and vice versa, modernization, and adoption of Western way of life, the Lunda polite linguistic and cultural behavior is gradually changing.

Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal

Angry Registers (ARs) are evident in situations where they are used, such as when someone is angry. This study endeavored to examine the characteristics and functions of angry registers in the discourse of 90 participants (45 men and 45 women) from four municipalities of Northern Catanduanes region in Bicol, Philippines. The data collection was ensured through the use of observation sheets and follow-up interviews. The investigation is grounded on the perspectives of Speech Register Theory, and is quantitative-qualitative in nature. Findings revealed that there are 26 angry registers used; 14 from male and 19 from female speakers. These ARs are classified as nouns, verbs, and adjectives. Noun ARs are related to body parts, person, animals, and inanimate objects. Verb ARs prompt an action or movement or imply a threat. Adjectival ARs are all words that negatively describe a person usually associated to female attributes. Participants also are not merely user of one AR in their uttera...

South African Journal of African Languages , 2024

The role of language in society is significant as language is a social phenomenon that inherently captures all facets of human society. In sociolinguistics, sexism in language has long been a critical topic. This research attempts to analyse the sexism in language used in everyday discourse through comparison, induction and exemplification by examining gender bias and sexism in Oshiwambo. The goal is to expose some aspects of the Oshiwambo language that relate to social injustice and cultural biases against women. This article examines elements of sexism in the Oshiwambo language that are found in the morphology, syntax and semantics of the language. The results show that discrimination against women is pervasive, as reflected in Oshiwambo everyday discourse, highlighting the dialectic between language and society.

Politeness is a phenomenon which is common to all cultures. Each culture has a different perception of what is polite and each language has various devices for expressing politeness. One of the important aspects of politeness which is the central focus of many studies is the polite behavior of men and women. The focus of this study is on the politeness strategies of males and females from different aspects. The central aim of this paper is to examine the impact of gender on the politeness strategies of the speakers to see whether females speak more politely to females than to males or not. Therefore, a questionnaire was designed based on Discourse Completion Test which is originally developed for comparing different speech act realization patterns. The questionnaire was distributed to 30 females and 30 males. The result indicated that generally women speak more politely to women than to men; however, males speak more politely to females than to males. Therefore, it can be concluded that the gender of the listener is an important factor on politeness behaviors of the speakers. Keywords: politeness, gender, politeness behaviors of males and females