Quantifying Urban form: A Case Study of Rajshahi City

2013

The study of spatial structure of a city always fascinates urban planners. City’s spatial structure can assist urban planners to predict future development trend and help them to develop appropriate strategies to guide the current spatial structures. But, there is no such type of previous studies of the city structure in Bangladesh. In this study, the researchers made an attempt to find out spatial structure of cities in Bangladesh. Using spatial distribution of population and land use the researchers tried to explain the present scenario in Bangladesh. The researchers have found that for most of the cases there is a density gradient, which represents relationship between population density and distance from city centre to periphery, with high R square value follows a negatively sloped exponential curve from city centre to periphery of an urban area except in Barisal City Corporation (BCC). The density is high at the centre and it gradually decreases towards periphery. The Central...

2019

Introduction Urban form is defined as the spatial distribution pattern of human activities at a certain point in time. It is made up of the visible elements and components of cities and consists of natural and artificial elements as the spatial crystallization of the community activities. Awareness of the spatial form and the shape of the city can be one of the important factors influencing the success of urban planners and managers. The importance of this issue has led to the use of various methods for measuring urban form in recent years to determine the distribution of compression. In Iran, in urban development plans we have used building density as a means of curbing urban development and spatial equilibrium, but in many cases, the discussion of density and analysis remains only in the scope of the plan; because today in the cities in north of Iran there are cases of irregular urban growth and without planning. This can bring heavy expenses for the city managers. Knowing the den...

1st International Conference on Urban and Regional Planning, Bangladesh, 2019

Mixed land use development is most important and key principle of sustainable development. It has a great impact on economy, environment and the health of the built environment. The objective of the research is to identify the different types of land use and their change direction and change flow. Then to evaluate the mixed land use development at Nirala, KCC Ward No-24 in Khulna City. Several field surveys were conducted emphasizing on the land use type for this research and also collected primary and secondary data for generating accurate result. Satellite images and GIS based secondary analysis helped to know the overall view of the site and Land Use Change (LUC) and LUC direction. Three core indices (i) Mixed Use Index, (ii) Entropy Index (iii) Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) are explored to evaluate the mixed-use development and the mixed land use condition of the area. The outcome of the study shows that the Entropy Index is 0.2529 is that the poor mixed-use condition and Mixed-Use Index suggested Nirala as a highly residential area rather than commercial and industrial. Another finding, which is based on satellite image from 2002 to 2018 showing the land use type and changing direction. LUCs flow indicates the negatively proportional pay rise of the build-up area (57% to 69%) with respect to vegetation (18% to 17%), and vacant space (11% to 4 %) at Nirala. Though the increment of the buildup area indicates development, but unplanned excessive growth impacts environment.

Urbanisation process heralds land use changes and consumption of energy which contribute significantly to global warming. This necessitates developing sustainable cities, which entails evolving effective urban planning strategies with the regular monitoring of landscape dynamics. In this context, the current communication reports of urban growth in Hyderabad-the IT capital of India based on the analysis of spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the urban land use changes that helped in the identification of urbanized and sprawling areas. The land use analysis through remote sensing data of the period 1975 to 2009 shows a significant urban growth with an increase in impervious surface from 0.17% to 13.55%. Gradient based spatial metrics analysis reveals the tendency of sprawl at outskirts and the clumped or aggregated growth in core areas. This spatially explicit information helps in the advanced visualization of urban growth for an appropriate and strategic future planning of the city.

The current paper presents a method to delineate the Peri-urban areas near Kolkata, a megalopolis of West Bengal, India. Landuse and land cover (LULC) classification has been done using Optimum Index Factor (OIF). Seven different indices (viz. NDPI, NDVI, NDBI, NDBaI, SAVI, MNDWI and UBI) have been applied to depict different landuse components in the study area as no single index is sufficient to explain the existing design. In order to identify the peri-urban areas Principal Component Analysis has been undertaken and 'maximum likelihood classification algorithm' has been used for classification followed by ground truthing. Peri-urban regions are analysed using the spectral plots and dendrograms are used in grouping the categories. To evaluate the classifications, overall accuracies and Kappa statistics are also computed.

Environment and Sustainable Development in Bangladesh geographical perspective, 2018

The paper presents appropriate landuse model for Bangladesh cities. Two specific objectives have been addressed in this paper; firstly, a review of ecological models of urban landuses and secondly, landuse model for Bangladeshi cities. The study found two different patterns of urban landuse model for Bangladeshi cities; one is influenced by rivers and another is by rail and roads. Eight general landuse categories have been identified, these are; Central Business District; Other Business District; Residential, Slum and Squatters; Administrative; Education, Health and Social-Cultural; Industry; Agricultural; and Others. These models show different types of pattern of Bangladeshi cities from those of the Western and South East Asian cities. Unplanned urbanization is one of the major factors behind it. Keywords: Urban landuse, CBD, Population growth, Urbanization, Dhaka city

Urbanisation process heralds land use changes and consumption of energy which contribute significantly to global warming. This necessitates developing sustainable cities, which entails evolving effective urban planning strategies with the regular monitoring of landscape dynamics. In this context, the current communication reports of urban growth in Hyderabad-the IT capital of India based on the analysis of spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the urban land use changes that helped in the identification of urbanized and sprawling areas. The land use analysis through remote sensing data of the period 1975 to 2009 shows a significant urban growth with an increase in impervious surface from 0.17% to 13.55%. Gradient based spatial metrics analysis reveals the tendency of sprawl at outskirts and the clumped or aggregated growth in core areas. This spatially explicit information helps in the advanced visualization of urban growth for an appropriate and strategic future planning of the city.

Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes

Urban Residential land development and redevelopment intensity (LDR) act as an essential index to understand magnitude of urban livability and sustainable development. Recent urbanization pattern of Rajshahi city has made a rising demand for land, which made it a precious commodity. As a result of it, Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) area is undergoing significant residential LDR in recent years. The understanding of factors influencing this residential LDR has great importance in real estate development as well as overall housing situation of thecity. For this purpose, this study tries to explore the spatial characteristics of LDR. Relative Operating Characteristics (ROC) test statistics (>0.5) with improve hedonic model are set out to identify the internal drivers of LDR. Finally, geostatistics is explored by integrating methods of Geographic Information System (GIS) and SPSS regression analysis to analyze the correlation between LDR and driving factors. The spatial distribution of residential LDR has shown a strong distance decline law. One of the most exciting findings was that increase in distance to Central Business District (CBD) from the residential land has a slight influence on LDR. The outcomes of the paper will be beneficial for investors and policy-makers in their development decision-making processes.

A standard-measurement outline for the spatial analytical technique to fix up the standard of medieval age town is lacking in the subcontinent (India) and particularly in Bangladesh. Quantitative analytical technique was introduced to estimate the space of the town of Khalifatabad. Considering the present administrative unit (e.g. upazilla, mouza, etc.) as a primary reference, the study area is geometrised and uniform (e.g. quadrates, transects, etc.) with the help of GIS technology to locate archaeological exhibits and to understand the urban space of Khalifatabad. Spatial analysis technique applied to Khalifatabad to find out the distribution of monuments and its mean centre, weighted mean centre, nearest neighbour analysis, median centre and distribution of monuments disposition. In this paper, the above spatial analysis calculated that the centre point of the Khalifatabad town is the mausoleum of Ulugh Khan Jahan and measured the nearest neighbour which cleared that the archaeological records was not developed in clustered way. So the paper concludes that the Khalifatabad town was developed in a planned way according to the contemporary human activities.

Remote Sensing of Land, 2020

Monitoring and measurement of urban growth pattern with the help of urban-rural gradient and spatial metrics are gaining significant importance in recent times. Rapid and unplanned urban growth has a great impact on natural resources, local ecology, forestry and infrastructure. Temporal satellite data, gradient analysis and landscape metrics of urban landscapes will help to evolve appropriate strategies for integrated planning and sustainable management of natural resources. This communication focuses on spatiotemporal patterns of land use dynamics of Howrah Municipal Corporation (HMC), India and its surroundings with six buffer zones of 2kms. Analysis has been carried out on HMC using temporal remote sensing data. HMC has been used to identify the changes in the gradient of urban to peri-urban and rural regions. Further, the entire study area has been divided into eight zones radiated from city center based on directions. Different landscape metrics have been computed for each zone...