An account of Lakota verbal affixes in transitive stative verbs

2018

This grammar comes as part of an integrated series of books designed to assist the learner or teacher of Lakota. It follows the New Lakota Dictionary (2008; 2011), compiled, edited and authored by Jan Ullrich and the LakóthiyaWóglaka Po!Speak Lakota! textbook series. The orthography used is the same as in the earlier books, namely that of the Lakota Language Consortium, a system developed by the Lakota people in cooperation with non-Lakota linguists. The book is divided into the following sections: Introduction, Units, Appendices, Answer Key, Index, and finally Bibliography. There are in fact 230 units, each consisting of two pages, the first containing new material and the second containing the relevant exercises. The introduction contains acknowledgements, a wide range of notes on how the Grammar can be used, notes on its compilation and rationale, and notes on related Siouan languages and the sister dialects, Dakota andNakota. The appendices contain additional information and dis...

Ethnohistory, 1998

2000

The five papers included in this volume approach the study of American Indian languages from a diverse array of methodological and theoretical approaches to linguistics. Two papers focus on approaches that come from the applied linguistics tradition, emphasizing ethnolinguistics and discourse analysis: Sonya Bird's paper "A Cross Cultural Look at Child-Stealing Witches" and

Glossa: a journal of general linguistics

North Sámi has a class of derived verbs called sensive verbs. Descriptively, these verbs are formed by adding the suffix /ʃ/ to an adjectival or nominal base, and the resulting verb means ‘find [object] (too) ADJECTIVE/NOUN’. In this paper it is argued that the sensive verbs do not involve any psychological verb, and the suffix is not specified as “sensive” in the lexicon. Rather, the suffix is specified as a realisation of a stative verbaliser in a transitive structure. The interpretation of the verb and the experiencer role of the subject follow from this specification in combination with the syntax of the verb phrase as a whole, which has a stative verbaliser and a Voice head on top of a minimal aP or nP. Other vocabulary items that could spell out the stative verbaliser are prevented from appearing in the sensive verb phrase, since the conditions for inserting them are not met. The consequence is that the suffix /ʃ/ is restricted to sensive verbs.

Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, 2015

Categories covering the expression of grammatical information such as aspect, negation, tense, mood, modality, etc., are crucial to the study of language universals. In this study, I will present an analysis of the syntax and semantics of these grammatical categories in Lakota within the Role and Reference Grammar framework (hereafter RRG) (Van Valin 1993, 2005; Van Valin and LaPolla 1997), a functional approach in which elements with a purely grammatical function are treated as ´operators`. Many languages mark Aspect-Tense-Mood/Modality information (henceforth ATM) either morphologically or syntactically. Unlike most Native American languages, which exhibit an extremely complex verbal morphological system indicating this grammatical information, Lakota, a Siouan language with a mildly synthetic / partially agglutinative morphology, expresses information relating to ATM through enclitics, auxiliary verbs and adverbs, rather than by coding it through verbal affixes.

2012

Foreward We are pleased to make the proceedings of the 14 th annual Workshop on American Indigenous Languages (WAIL) available as the 22 nd volume of the Santa Barbara Papers in Linguistics. We are grateful for the continuing support of the University of California, Santa Barbara as a whole and the faculty, staff and students of the Department of Linguistics. We extend our special thanks to our advisor Marianne Mithun who offers us her continued support of our endeavors. We also thank those who come from near and far to attend the conference. Thank you to all of you who helped expand our collective knowledge of the indigenous languages of the Americas.

Transactions of the Philological Society, 2007

This paper treats the two Lakota independent personal pronoun sets. Although morphologically simple, the definition of the usage of these pronouns and the choice of the particular set is quite involved. The factors involved seem to be partly distributional and partly semantic. The 3rd person set is more complex in its usage than the 1st and 2nd person set, partly because 3rd person can be morphologically unmarked in Lakota. One set can occur in company with a coreferent noun and is in a sense ''deletable''. The other set is less easily deletable and often constitutes a core element of the sentence. 1 1 This is a slightly modified version of a paper of the same name read at the 24th Annual Siouan and Caddoan Languages Conference held at Wayne State College, Nebraska on 11-13 June 2004. I am grateful to Father William Stolzman for permission to quote passages from a tape recording of discussions in Lakota on the subject of religion, which also form part of the basis of his book The Pipe and Christ: A Christian-Sioux Dialogue. Although most of the research for this paper is based on written texts and archive taped material, I also draw in it on fieldwork experience in the State of South Dakota and in the Province of Saskatchewan in Canada on a number of occasions, most of which was supported by grants from the School of Oriental and African Studies and from the British Academy. I would also like to express my appreciation for the continuous help on Lakota language matters of Jerome KillsSmall of the University of South Dakota at Vermillion. In addition I would like to thank two anonymous TPhS reviewers for their helpful comments.

Language in Society, 1991

formation that Roman numerals V 9 VII, XVII, XX, and XXX occur In the manuscript), 21 (Weak Verbs), 22 (Strong Verbs), and 23 (The sniia-Class). Rindal properly criticizes basing conclusions solely on historical knowledge (58) and therefore uses only the information present in the manuscript at hand for his categorizations. He sometimes takes the principle to extremes, however, classifying vgllr (historically correctly) as a w-stem but the compound grundvgllr as an /-stem (61). because only the accusative plural grunduellina and dative singular grundvelli happen to occur, and these could just as well be /-stem forms. On the other hand, dalr is classified as an a-stem (60), even though its dative singular ends in-0, as would an /-stem. As for grundvelli, the author states that a few /-stems did have dative singular-/, something that "becomes normal in Icelandic, ?? Space limitations prevent the exposition of similar confusion elsewhere that permeates this work. It is remarkably free of typos, but inconsistencies, such as listing ydarr on p* 28 but stating on p. 83 that only ydar occurs or listing de Vries throughout as 1961 but correctly in the bibliography as 1962, are not rare» This is, in sum, a work of specific interest that, indeed, contains interesting information about Old Norwegian usage, but it is to be used with caution. The volume is attractively typeset and bound in paper,

Anthropological Linguistics, 2009

Ms., Department of Linguistics, SOAS University of …, 2005

This paper consists of two interrelated parts. In the first section is a discussion of the issue of transitivity and transitivity alternations in Australian Aboriginal languages-I point to some basic distinctions that it is necessary to make for a coherent empirical account of this issue in Australian languages. In the second part of the paper I will apply to this data the formal apparatus set up by Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) to deal with mapping between argument structure of predicates and grammatical functions in applicative and causative constructions, namely lexical mapping theory. I will show that the LFG account explains certain distributional facts and syntactic structures observed in the Australian data. This discussion of an area not previously subject to investigation by linguists working within an LFG framework thus provides strong support for the descriptive and explanatory adequacy of lexical mapping theory as an account of characteristics of natural language. kampa-yi Vi 'to cook' kampa-ru Vtr 'to cook' tharrpa-yi Vi 'to enter' tharrpa-ru Vtr 'to insert' See also Donaldson (1980:168ff) for similar conjugation-based alternations in Ngiyambaa. One could perhaps maintain Evans' generalisation by recognising these as separate lexemes. Intransitive verb roots in Diyari can be classified into five groups according to their cooccurrence with transitivising suffixes (see Austin 1981:72ff, 157ff): a. Group 1-may be transitivised by adding-lka-to derive a transitive stem whose A NP corresponds to the S of the intransitive root. This is an applied construction, and examples are 7 : kuna-'to defecate' kuna-lka-'to defecate on' thika-'to return' thika-lka-'to take back, return with' wapa-'to go' wapa-lka-'to take, go with' 6 Arabana-Wangkangurru and Mparntwe Arrernte both show a combined pattern where there are multiple affixes, one of which shows the A/B split. 7 For a full listing see the table in section 1.5 below.