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2007
Ab s t rac t : Visualizing the contents to be learned about an instructional material is an effective way to facilitate learning. However, the effectiveness is not always obtained only by looking at the visualized representation. The knowledge visualization accordingly requires learners to devote more attention it. Considering the context of learning a text, this paper gives an effective knowledge visualization called Diagram Tailoring, and demonstrates an intelligent learning system. This system presents part of a diagram as a visual representation, and encourages learners to construct the whole diagram so that their attention can be devoted to the visualized representation. This paper also describes an experiment on Diagram Tailoring. As a result, we have ascertained that partial diagram presentation makes a contribution to retaining knowledge to be learned from a text. Diagram Tailoring can be consequently viewed as an available way for allowing learners to obtain the intrinsic fruitfulness of knowledge visualization.
Visual Approaches to Cognitive Education With Technology Integration
There are many applications and techniques where art makes the inherent component. Knowledge visualization is one of such instances, as a group of techniques for creating visual communication through images, graphics, and animations. Applications of visualization may include data-, information-, and knowledge visualization; scientific visualization; visual analytics; educational visualization, and many other ways to create sensory, often interactive representation of abstract data. This chapter introduces basic visualization concepts and then discusses several related issues including metaphors in visualization, bio-inspired applications and apps, knowledge visualization based on visual literacy, visualization aesthetics, and criticism of visualization, product design and product semantics. Further part of the chapter puts forward a proposition of introducing knowledge visualization and programming from the beginning of schooling, and then discusses teaching with knowledge visualiza...
International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology
Visual representation and organization of the knowledge have been utilized in different ways in tutoring systems to upgrade their usefulness. This paper concentrates on the usage of various graphical formalisms, for example, the conceptual graph, ontology, and concept map in tutoring systems. The paper addresses what is way of the utilization of every formalism and the offering of the potential outcomes to assist the student in education systems.
2008
Although many studies demonstrate large learning gains when instruction includes diagrams, diagrams do not always lead to improved outcomes. How can instructional designers know whether a given diagram will enhance learning? We have developed a framework of three factors that influence the effectiveness of a diagram in a particular learning situation: the learning objective, the design of the visual representation and the cognitive processing of the learner. In a randomized-design study conducted in a college chemistry class, we found that instruction that included diagrams created with this framework led to enhanced performance on open-ended transfer items compared to traditional instruction, particularly for low-performing students. We propose that a concept-based cognitive theory of multimedia learning that includes a conceptual working memory component may explain why the efficacy of diagrams depends heavily on the prior knowledge of the learner as well as the conceptual information available in the representation.
1994
Abstract: This report reflects research and development on visualization and the use of multimedia carried out at the Department of Applied Education, Division of Instrumental Science and Technology of the University of Twente (Netherlands) and the Andersen Consulting Educational Computing Consortium, also at the University of Twente. The report contains 11 papers organized into three main sections:(1)" Concepts in Instructional Visualisation" includes" Visualisation and Effective Instruction"(Jef Moonen)," Principles ...
2006
Information visualizations-interactive graphical representations of large amounts of abstract data which do not have a natural visual representation-have mainly been used to support information retrieval. This article investigates whether information visualizations are also suitable for fostering knowledge acquisition as well as how information visualizations, from a cognitive perspective, have to be designed to be efficient learning tools. An experimental study provided evidence that information visualizations support knowledge acquisition. In addition, with regard to the appropriate design, the empirical results showed that two-dimensional information visualizations are better suited for supporting processes of knowledge acquisition than three-dimensional ones and that color-coded information visualizations slightly increase performance in a knowledge test compared to monochromatic ones.
2013
Visualization is a possibility of perceiving and processing information in a graphical form. The advantage is the universal clarity regardless of the diversity of languages. Visualization enables quicken communication communication and creates a unified and comprehensive tool for everyday communication. This paper describes the importance of visualization as an essential element not only in acquiring knowledge of students, but also in lifelong learning.
In this paper, we present a meaningful learning environment to visually support e-book learners to effectively construct their knowledge framework. This personalized visualization support is intended to encourage learners to actively locate new knowledge in their own knowledge framework and check the logical consistency of their ideas for clearing up misunderstandings. On the other hand, we also propose to visually support e-book instructors to decide the group distribution for collaborative learning activities based on knowledge structure of learners. To facilitate those visualization supports, we present a method to semi-automatically construct a course-centered ontology to describe the required information in a map structure.
Over the past four years we have been developing CompendiumLD, a software tool for designing learning activities using a flexible visual interface. It has been developed as a tool to support lecturers, teachers and others involved in education to help them articulate their ideas and map out a design or learning sequence. CompendiumLD is a specialised version of Compendium, a tool for managing connections between information and ideas, which has been applied in many domains including the mapping of discussions and arguments. As most of the core knowledge mapping facilities provided by Compendium are included within CompendiumLD, it can be used for learning design, and applied it to other information mapping and modelling problems. Evidence gathered since CompendiumLD’s first release has shown the many conditions in which it is likely to be applied and appreciated by users, and that the need for visualising learning designs as a solution to understanding how all components of planned ...
Prior research has shown that skilled problem solvers often use features of visual representations to cue relevant knowledge, but little is known about how to support learners in developing connections between visual and verbal knowledge components. In this research, we investigated two methods to support focus on key visual features during problem solving in an intelligent tutor: 1) student interaction with diagrams during problem solving, and 2) student explanations that connected diagram features to geometry rules at each problem-solving step. Research was conducted in 10 th grade classrooms using an experimental version of the Geometry Cognitive Tutor. Interaction with diagrams promoted long-term retention of problem-solving skills and supported deep understanding of geometry rules, as evidenced by items testing transfer and visual-verbal knowledge integration. Diagram-rule explanations did not significantly influence learning. Findings suggest that student focus on relevant visual information should be carefully integrated into problem-solving practice to support robust learning.
Communications in Computer and Information Science, 2015
Advances in technology and subsequent access to inexpensive software have made visualisation, as a method of knowledge creation and transfer, more accessible. Visualisations have been used to support knowledge representation and transfer in teaching but the focus has primarily been on creating visualisations for learner consumption. The idea of students becoming active participants in producing visualisations, as part of knowledge creation and learning, has largely been overlooked. The study reported here investigated the use of visualisation for summarising knowledge at postgraduate level. The student's need to assimilate and organise knowledge is an important part of their learning. We suggest that it would be useful for students to learn how to produce knowledge visualisations as part of this activity. The production is an act of knowledge creation, which can improve their comprehension of the research literature. Producing visualisations is not necessarily straightforward and it is therefore advisable to scaffold the process. We propose a faded-struts learning process that gradually removes scaffolding as the learner masters the principles and becomes more adept. The contribution of this research is to present the idea of providing worked examples and faded examples to support postgraduate learning. This helps postgraduates to craft knowledge visualisations so that they can slowly become more proficient and independent. Due to the ubiquity of mobile devices we propose providing this support on these devices, incorporating their unique constraints and affordances in our learning process. This is essentially a proof of concept paper, suggesting how the idea could be realised. Further work is necessary to test the idea with students and to extend the repertoire of mobile learning (m-learning) visualisation tasks.
Handbook of Research on Maximizing Cognitive Learning through Knowledge Visualization, 2015
Visualization is currently used as a data analysis tool and considered a way of communicating knowledge and ideas in many areas of life such as science, education, medicine, marketing, and advertisement. The chapter contains complex interdisciplinary material and attempts to construct a general framework of visualization roles in learning. The structure of this content is presented on Figure 1 as a kind of mind map. Authors emphasize that visualization mechanisms are designed taking into account analytical and content-related potential, timeliness, online availability, and aesthetics. But classical (tabular) forms still remain dominant in information presentation. A good portion of the discussion is dedicated to the alternative solution-non-linear layout, such as network or fractals. Several visualization maps with specifically designed architecture are demonstrated as important elements of contemporary education. Authors consider the potential and implementation of these tools in e-learning platforms. Parallely, they underline the role of interdisciplinary collaboration in map making processes. Researchers in different fields can apply contemporary trends in visualization including natural shape perception, 3D representation problems, as well as the aspects of neuroaesthetics.
Abstract. So far, information visualizations, ie, graphical representations of huge amounts of abstract data which do not have a natural visual representation, have mainly been used to support information retrieval. In this paper we investigate whether information visualizations are also suitable to foster knowledge acquisition or learning. In addition, we address the issue of how information visualizations have to be designed to be efficient learning tools. We conducted an experimental study which provided evidence that information visualizations ...
The Web allows self-regulated learning through interaction with large amounts of learning resources. While enjoying the flexibility of learning, learners may suffer from cognitive overload and conceptual and navigational disorientation when faced with various information resources under disparate topics and complex knowledge structures. This study proposed a knowledge visualization (KV) approach to this problem in an online course. The investigation involved the design, development, and evaluation of an enhanced learning system for the course using the proposed approach. The focus was on visualization of domain knowledge structure and integrating the structure with curriculum design, learning resources, learning assessment, intellectual process, and social learning. Survey and interviews with students demonstrated high user satisfaction and acceptance with the developed system and its functions for KV. These findings lay the foundation for further exploration with the system to determine its impact on reducing cognitive load and improving the learning process.
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference of the cognitive science society, 2004
So far, information visualizations, ie, graphical representations of huge amounts of abstract data which do not have a natural visual representation, have mainly been used to support information-retrieval tasks. In this paper we investigate whether information visualizations are also suitable to foster tasks that focus on knowledge acquisition or learning. In addition, we address the issue of how information visualizations have to be designed to be efficient learning tools. We conducted an experimental study which ...
International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications, 2015
The most powerful educational tool is interactive visualization platform. The purpose of educational visualization is to facilitate learners to learn quality based knowledge by considering different factors i.e. intelligence, prediction, perception, class participation and cognitive learning etc. Our study has explored the benefits of cognitive learning in different aspects. These aspects are the psychological implications of visualization applied to educational purposes, guiding the learners how to engage ourselves in cognitive learning, guiding teachers to use intelligent ways of teaching and to provide online learning platforms. During our research we have developed a visualized prototype application for course "data structure and algorithm" to facilitate students for better learning of this course and then we implemented this prototype application in a real time environment i.e. classroom. Finally after implementation we have conducted a survey to get the feedback from students, to know how the visualizations affect the learning. Our study has showed the benefits of using animation during lessons to engage learner's attention in cognitive learning. From the survey results, we came to know that most of the students were unaware of education visualization applications.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2010
We describe a system capable of grading free-form diagrammatic answers. Our matches meaningful parts of a diagram with equivalents in a model solution. This is complicated by errors, omissions, and superfluous items in the student answer. The result of matching is used to calculate the grade and generate appropriate feedback; it performs at least as well as a human marker on a variety of diagram types. We describe tools that allow the easy creation of questions, marking schemes, and diagram editors suitable for embedding in a VLE quiz engine.
The progress in learning technologies has generated new knowledge about visualizing learning content to enhance the teaching process in a learning environment. In current situations, students are less of understanding and focus their topic during learning session in a classroom. This articles sums up the concept of knowledge visualization as a visual representation approach to improve the knowledge transfer between teachers and students in order to ensure the learning engagement and improve student's level of understanding in primary schools. In this article, the knowledge visualization frameworks are identified and adapted as tool of knowledge visualization to construct learning engagement among students. One of knowledge visualization tool, namely, interactive visualization, is chosen for the application of the hierarchical framework to show the adaptation of the tools in increasing student engagement during the learning process in primary schools.
The Parsons Journal for Information Mapping (PJIM), 2012
In the last ten years the area of Information Visualization has witnessed an exponential increase in its popularity. Diagrammatic reasoning and visual epistemology are becoming readily accepted methods of research in many academic domains. Concurrently, information graphics and Infovis have grabbed the attention of a larger mainstream audience. This project communicates the history and development of Information Visualization discipline through an educational piece the audience can physically interact with. The visualized data are the results of an empirical work—the case study of 30 design projects developed in Information Visualization between 2005 and 2011—conducted in collaboration with the Austrian Institute of Technology. The resulting diagram has been transformed in an interactive three dimensional piece as part of an exhibition on diagrammatic reasoning. The piece shows the story of Information Visualization, from past to future. It traces its expansion and features the projects that have had great influence on the discipline. It suggests potential directions where this field may develop in the near future. In the piece, each tin represents a project that participated in the development of Information Visualization. Each tin contains a description of the project, author, data, and a QR code linking the project website. The red circles diameters indicate the relative impact each project had on the field of Information Visualization. The right wall shows the subjects and disciplines where Information Visualization will have great influence in the future. Projects are grouped by subject and distributed chronologically within the groups.
2012
With the ever increasing use of computers, visualization is used more and more. Powerpoint-fatigue is a well-known fact. There’s a general feeling that supportive technologies can be useful and effective in education, however those outcomes are often not achieved. Consequently people start to look for alternatives: movies, animations and infographics, have become common-practice. These are all powerful and valuable tools, also in education. It is very important though to ask what type of tool to use, for which kind of learning and to which purpose. In this article we attempt to derive a taxonomy which will help to make sound choices, so that visualization can be used effectively.
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