Knowledge Organization Literature

2009

Both authors agree in affirming the simplicity of the thesaurus elements and their coordination after indexing, although Wersig in particular emphasises the existence of semantic relationships among these units. Standardisation efforts increased in the 1980s with the appearance of the second edition of the standard ISO 2788 (ISO, 1986) on monolingual thesauri, which defines thesaurus as: ...the vocabulary of a controlled indexing language, formally organized with the aim of state explicitly the existing relationships between concepts. The following year, Aitchison and Gilchrist (1987) specifically introduced the role of thesaurus in information retrieval processes. The review performed by as to the nature of thesauri as opposed to classification schemes is particularly interesting. It demonstrates that their functional nature conditions to a great extent their origin and actual experiences of application, focusing their evolution in one direction or another and making it at times impossible to draw a distinction between thesauri and conceptual schemes, meaning that it is not possible in all cases to restrict the field of application of the thesaurus solely to information retrieval (leaving knowledge organization to classification schemes). This aspect becomes even more important when it comes to the semantic Web, because it combines statistical information recovery techniques and the representation of information using metadata (Díaz Ortuño 2003) that are organized into structures defined by conceptual schemes . Nor should we overlook Shiriet al. (2002), whose study analyses the search strategies of different groups of users, demonstrating that the expansion of queries through thesauri and their integration in information retrieval is completely viable. From a functional perspective, the thesaurus is a documentary language that uses a controlled vocabulary in order to solve the ambiguity issues of natural language when it comes to indexing and information retrieval processes. Thesauri are based on essentially lexicographical instruments and evolve towards systems focusing on the organization of information and the representation of the content of a documentary corpus, normally used for term extraction. Thesaurus-preferred terms are used in indexing processes and in the selection of terms for information searches, thereby increasing the communication capacity between the user and the information

Handbook of Research on Text and Web Mining Technologies

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This paper offers some thoughts on the usage of thesaurus in information retrieval with special reference to information retrieval systems like databases. A thesaurus is an example of controlled vocabulary and an important aid in subject analysis. Controlled vocabularies are used to describe the subject within knowledge organization systems, where the sole purpose of a vocabulary control is to achieve a consistency of subject description and facilitation of information retrieval. We survey some approaches to this question in literature and give two examples of usage of thesaurus in the following databases: the Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors and LISTA thesaurus. These thesauri are described along with their functions and display in database.

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Information and knowledge organization by keywords is presently eff ected in information and retrieval systems-not only in various taxonomic structures, but also in new structures of a folksonomic and ontological nature as well as mind maps. The need for a fresh look at keyword results from the new possibilities of document and information indexing, especially of social (collaborative) indexing, among others. This will require new research and scholarly refl ection on information processing by both computer systems and the human mind. And this will, in turn, create the need to look at both information and knowledge organization and keywords in terms of the network organization of information and knowledge. This topic is current, owing to the application of keywords in the WWW system, subject indexes, OPACs, full-text systems, and digital libraries. The considerations are concluded by an att empt to answer the question contained in the title relating to the roles of keywords in information and knowledge organization for current information systems. This study has shown that, by using keywords, we essentially deal with a natural language in a meta-information function, not only with an artifi cial keyword language; "-nomic" systems based on hierarchy are usually strongly structured, while the systems that use keywords are hardly structured. Information and knowledge organization by keywords is frequently based on the indexing practice, which means that it is carried out bott om up (with classifi cation being a reverse process).

International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 2019

This paper describes a new system for semi-automatically building, extending and managing a terminological thesaurus — a multilingual terminology dictionary enriched with relationships between the terms themselves to form a thesaurus. The system allows to radically enhance the workow of current terminology expert groups, where most of the editing decisions still come from introspection. The presented system supplements the lexicographic process with natural language processing techniques, which are seamlessly integrated to the thesaurus editing environment. The system’s methodology and the resulting thesaurus are closely connected to new domain corpora in the six languages involved. They are used for term usage examples as well as for the automatic extraction of new candidate terms. The terminological thesaurus is now accessible via a web-based application, which (a) presents rich detailed information on each term, (b) visualizes term relations, and (c) displays real-life usage exam...

2016

Introduction It is difficult to speak about method. This is especially true when it comes to the epistemological methods of organizing and transferring existing knowledge into another language, computer language. The challenge of digitizing existing knowledge is one of the most exciting tasks, because not only does it determine the sort of knowledge we bequeath to the next generation, but it also defines the learning process, since every act of rewriting knowledge and information is also a transformation of the existing knowledge into another form with a different structure and organization. In DARIAH we have the opportunity to contribute to the building of this new language that will be used to express a significant amount of humanities related knowledge. This task, to contribute to the transformation of knowledge into another form, is both a great opportunity and at the same time a very difficult task, as we have to define the fundamental concepts that will be used as the foundati...

URL: http://www. gesis. org/ …, 2001

2000

This working paper reports on the early stages of our contribution to the Th(IC)≤ project, in which, together with other French research teams, we want to test and demonstrate the interest of corpus analysis methods to design domain knowledge models. The project should lead to produce a thesaurus in French about KE research. The main stages of the method that

2001

Semantic metadata describing subject content plays a vital role in supporting indexing and retrieval in Digital Libraries. Mechanisms used to deliver this metadata include keyword collections, thesauri and classifications. Constructing a large thesaurus, however, is a difficult process which can be facilitated through the application of knowledge representation techniques developed for managing and reasoning about concepts.