Conservation of Continental Mysida and Stygiomysida

BioInvasions Records, 2016

The Dnieper Reservoir has significantly contributed as a primary source of invasive Ponto-Caspian crustaceans of Europe; therefore, the mysid populations it sustains are central to the research of invasion histories. However, the reservoir remains a waterbody susceptible to changes including the advent of new species. Mysid investigations in 2012-2014 revealed five species, Limnomysis benedeni, Paramysis lacustris, P. intermedia, P. bakuensis and Katamysis warpachowskyi, inhabiting the Dnieper Reservoir, and one species, L. benedeni, known to occur in the Dnieper-Donbass Canal. Including the previously reported Hemimysis anomala, the currently known mysid fauna of the Dnieper Reservoir consists of six species. Two of the species, P. intermedia and P. bakuensis, are reported from the reservoir for the first time. Currently, the dominant species in the shallow littoral zone are L. benedeni and P. intermedia, while P. lacustris mostly occurs in offshore depths. Two out of six occurring species, L. benedeni and P. lacustris, were deliberately introduced into the middle reaches of the Dnieper River, which must have contributed to their establishment in the reservoir. Meanwhile most of remaining four species, presumably, have invaded the Dnieper Reservoir by shipping. However, possibilities of an accidental introduction of these species or their historical presence in some habitats of the middle reaches of the Dnieper River may not be excluded. In conclusion, there have been rather significant changes in documented species composition of mysids in the reservoir, altering the scientifically valuable source populations of European invasions.

Hydrobiologia, 2008

In this article we present a biogeographical assessment of species diversity within the Mysida (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Peracarida) from inland waters. Inland species represent 6.7% (72 species) of mysid diversity. These species represent three of the four families within the Mysida (Lepidomysidae, Stygiomysidae, and Mysidae) and are concentrated in the Palaearctic and Neotropical regions. The inland mysid species distributional patterns can be explained by four main groups representing different freshwater invasion routes: (1) Subterranean Tethyan relicts (24 spp.); (2) Autochthonous Ponto-Caspian endemics (20 spp.); (3) Mysis spp. 'Glacial Relicts' (8 spp.); and (4) Euryhaline estuarine species (20 spp.). The center of inland mysid species diversity is the Ponto-Caspian region, containing 24 species, a large portion of which are the results of a radiation in the genus Paramysis.

2020

Red Listing of Threatened species is recognized as the most objective approach for evaluating extinction risk of living organisms which can be applied at global or national scales. Invertebrates account for nearly 97% of all animals on the planet but are insufficiently represented in the IUCN Red Lists at both scales. To analyze the occurrence of species present in regional Red Lists, accounts of 48 different countries and regions all over the world were consulted and all data about myriapods (Myriapoda) ever assessed in Red Lists at any level assembled. Myriapod species assessments were found in eleven regional Red Lists; however, no overlap between the species included in the global IUCN Red List and the regional ones was established. This means that myriapod species considered threatened at regional level may not be eligible for international funding specific for protection of native threatened species (more than US$ 25 million were available in the last decade) as most financial instruments tend to support only threatened species included in the IUCN Red List. As the lack of financial resources may limit protection for species in risk of extinction, it is urgent to increase the possibilities of getting financial support for implementation of measures for their protection. A Red List of all Myriapoda species recorded in Red Lists at national or local (596) and global (210) scales totaling 806 species is presented. This list shows for the first time an overview of the current conservation status of Myriapoda species. Here, the urgent need of establishing a Myriapoda Specialist Group in the Species Survival Commission of IUCN is also stressed.

Crustaceana, 2012

Most populations of Diamysis Czerniavsky, 1882, living in freshwater tributaries of the Adriatic Sea, belong to D. fluviatilis sp. nov., which is distinguished from its congeners mainly by the peculiar distribution of fringes on the carapace of males. A small number of freshwater bodies is inhabited by the more euryhalobious D. mesohalobia heterandra Ariani & Wittmann, 2000. A first description is given for adults of both sexes of D. bahirensis mod. lacustris B˘ acescu, 1940, formerly known only from one subadult female taken in the near-coastal freshwater lake Scutari (SE Adriatic). This taxon is raised to species level as D. lacustris, based on the shallow telson cleft and the undulate margins of the scutellum paracaudale in both sexes, and on peculiar features of the male. All freshwater records of Diamysis species so far confirmed for the Mediterranean are restricted to tributaries of the Adriatic basin. This is possibly related to transgressive-regressive events during the Pliocene-Pleistocene, causing alternations between marine and freshwater-terrestrial phases in this semi-enclosed basin, particularly in the area where the sedimentary basin of the Po river evolved.

ZooKeys, 2020

Red Listing of Threatened species is recognized as the most objective approach for evaluating extinction risk of living organisms which can be applied at global or national scales. Invertebrates account for nearly 97% of all animals on the planet but are insufficiently represented in the IUCN Red Lists at both scales. To analyze the occurrence of species present in regional Red Lists, accounts of 48 different countries and regions all over the world were consulted and all data about myriapods (Myriapoda) ever assessed in Red Lists at any level assembled. Myriapod species assessments were found in eleven regional Red Lists; however, no overlap between the species included in the global IUCN Red List and the regional ones was established. This means that myriapod species considered threatened at regional level may not be eligible for international funding specific for protection of native threatened species (more than US$ 25 million were available in the last decade) as most financial...

Zootaxa, 2016

Among a total of nine species of Mysidae so far found in fresh waters of the Mediterranean, four are stenoendemics, namely of a single lake (Diamysis lacustris), of a single stream and its springs (Diamysis hebraica), waters of a single river basin (Paramysis kosswigi) or of karstic cave waters (Troglomysis vjetrenicensis), respectively. Not less than four species, T. vjetrenicensis, D. lacustris, D. fluviatilis, and P. adriatica nov. sp., are confined to freshwater tributaries of the Adriatic Sea (NE-Mediterranean). This strengthens previous findings about the outstanding role of the Adriatic basin for the endemic diversity of freshwater Mysidae within the Mediterranean; possibly related to alternating marine and freshwater-terrestrial phases during Pliocene-Pleistocene in this semi-enclosed basin. As far as known, freshwater populations of D. mesohalobia heterandra are also confined to the Adriatic basin; however this taxon shows many more populations in brackish waters of the E-Mediterranean and Marmora basins. The remaining two freshwater species (Limnomysis benedeni, Hemimysis anomala) are wide-range invaders of Ponto-Caspian origin, with recent expansion to fresh and brackish waters of the NW-Mediterranean. Two additional species, Neomysis integer and Mesopodopsis slabberi, are known from a few fresh waters and many more brackish and marine waters of the NE-Atlantic or Black Sea basins, respectively; in the Mediterranean, however, so far only from saline waters down to almost fresh water (S >= 0.9). A well figured key to the species is given, including certain potential future invaders.

Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems

In 2017, the mysid Paramysis lacustris (Czerniavsky, 1882) was found for the first time in the Hungarian Danube section, representing the first psammo-pelophilous Ponto-Caspian peracarid colonizing the Middle Danube. In 2018, a brief survey focusing on this species revealed its presence in a more than 500-km-long river section spanning from Austria (Vienna, river km 1926) to Croatia (Batina, river km 1425). The largest populations of P. lacustris might be formed in reservoirs and slow-flowing stretches, where the appearance of the species might imply a considerable impact in connection with its zooplanktivorous feeding and important role in the diet of fish. Similar to all the other Ponto-Caspian peracarids that have crossed the Middle Danube, P. lacustris can reasonably be expected to continue its spread toward Western Europe in the future.

Aquatic Biology, 2009

Mysids, or opossum shrimps, are members of the mostly marine order Mysidacea. There are some 30 species occurring in freshwater lakes and rivers, and the group has a worldwide distribution. Of these species, members of the Mysis relicta species complex have received the greatest attention because of their high abundance in some lakes (reported densities >1000 ind. m -2 ), their importance as a food source for fishes, and their sometimes large effect on food web dynamics. The Mysis relicta species complex consists of THEME SECTION

2014

Low numbers of mysids in eutrophic lakes have usually been related to their poor tolerance to low oxygen. In eutrophic Lake Hiidenvesi, we studied the possibility that water quality indirectly affects mysids by forcing them to habitats where they are vulnerable to fish predation. Mysis relicta was absent from basins that did not stratify (water depth � 10 m). In the deep basin, as the summer progressed, M. relicta was concentrated in the deepest areas and moved upward in the water column as water temperature increased and dissolved oxygen decreased. Between mid-August and mid-September, only a thin water layer was habitable; the rest had either intolerably low oxygen concentration or too high of a temperature. M. relicta abundance decreased from 2.72 � 108 individuals on 3 June to 3.72 � 106 individuals on 19 October, with the sharpest decrease taking place in August. At the same time, the vertical distribution of smelts shifted downward and the percentage of mysids in the stomach c...

1999

Abstract. The specialised aquatic hypogean, i.e. stygobiotic, fauna has been recognised in some regions moderately rich. Slovenia, the broader Dinaric region, and Europe are particularly rich with about 7–8% of all Metazoa and about 40 % of Crustacea species being stygobionts. The hypogean biotic diversity is in general predominantly a crustacean diversity. The high number of stygobiont Crustacea–Malacostraca species can be explained by the near absence of Insecta as well as by their high endemicity and some-times additional specialisation, i.e. the spatial and ecological partition of the environment by the species. Although one cave system may exceptionally shelter up to 40 stygobiont species, they are distributed there into separate associations. Among more than 2000 described stygobiontic Malacostraca species, which include close to 950 Amphipoda, the species numbers within some genera are very high (e.g. Niphargus with 275 spp.). With 10 orders represented the higher taxonomic d...