The Effects of Self-Assessment on Student Learning

P.< rootenboer, G. Oevenbergen, & M. …

It has been argued that self-assessment deepens student learning. This study examined that proposition through online assessment of an assignment in a first year course, with a large percentage (85%) of students enrolled in a distance mode. The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of self-assessment in student learning. One hundred and fifty-two students completed a self-assessment of their assignment using assessment guidelines, a marking rubric and model answers. The learning effectiveness of self-assessment was appraised through content analyses of student comments in the self-assessment, and in a survey. In this study, self-assessment of the assignment was found to be effective in enhancing student self-awareness and engaging students in metacognitive processes. Most survey respondents agreed that self-assessment helps students identify the strengths and the weaknesses of assignment answers and highlights areas where performance could be improved. Overall, self-assessment of the assignment was shown to be effective in positively influencing student learning in this learning environment.

FORLANG Cudzie jazyky v akademickom prostredí., 2019

Students at universities come from high schools with different learning styles and are used to different types of evaluations. Studying at the university level requires an independent and self-regulated learner. Many scholars throughout the world call for self-assessment as a method for developing a holistic learner. This article examines reasons for different types of assessment and how to provide learners with feedback built on reinforcement, confidence and boosting their strengths.

2015

This research paper aimed to test the effectiveness of the use of students&#39; self-assessment in mathematics class. Two independent experiments were conducted to assess whether the use of self-assessment as a form of formative assessment will be more effective in terms of mathematics performance and mathematics attitude to the Grade eight students of the Laboratory High School of Rizal Technological University during the school year 2014-2015. Two groups in each experiment were exposed to self-assessment while the other two groups were exposed to an ordinary formative assessment method which is the conduct of daily quizzes which is more of objective type. It has been found that both formative assessment were equally effective in terms of the mathematics performance but in terms of attitude level, the use of self-assessment is statistically more effective. The performance of the students between the controlled and experimental group is not significantly different due to attribution...

International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research, 2016

Context: Tutor assessment is sometimes also considered as an exercise of power by the assessor over assesses Student self-assessment is the process by which the students gather information about and reflect on their own learning and is considered to be a very important component of learning Aim: The primary objective of this study was to analyze the impact of self-assessment by undergraduate medical students on their subsequent academic performance. The secondary objective was to obtain the perception of students and faculty about self-assessment as a tool for enhanced learning Materials and Methods: The study was based on the evaluation of two theory tests consisting of both essay type and short answer questions, administered to students of the 1 st year MBBS (n = 89). They self-assessed their performance after 3 days of the first test followed by marking of faculty and feedback. Then, a nonidentical theory test on the same topic with the same difficulty level was conducted after 7 days and assessed by the teachers. The feedback about the perception of students and faculty about this intervention was obtained Results: Significant improvement in the academic performance after the process of self-assessment was observed (P < 0.001). There was a significantly positive correlation between student and teacher marking (r = 0.79). Both students and faculty perceived it to be helpful for developing self-directed learning skills. Conclusions: Self-assessment can increase the interest and motivation level of students for the subjects leading to enhanced learning and better academic performance, helping them in development of critical skills for analysis of their own work

Educational Psychology Review, 2016

This paper reviews current known issues in student self-assessment (SSA) and identifies five topics that need further research: (1) SSA typologies, (2) accuracy, (3) role of expertise, (4) SSA and teacher/curricular expectations, and (5) effects of SSA for different students. Five SSA typologies were identified showing that there are different conceptions on the SSA components but the field still uses SSA quite uniformly. A significant amount of research has been devoted to SSA accuracy, and there is a great deal we know about it. Factors that influence accuracy and implications for teaching are examined, with consideration that students’ expertise on the task at hand might be an important prerequisite for accurate self-assessment. Additionally, the idea that SSA should also consider the students’ expectations about their learning is reflected upon. Finally, we explored how SSA works for different types of students and the challenges of helping lower performers. This paper sheds light on SSA research needs to address the known unknowns in this field.

The Impact of Feedback in Higher Education

Over the past few decades, the field of education has accumulated extensive literature on self-assessment and its effects on educational outcomes

Frontiers in Education

This article is a review of research on student self-assessment conducted largely between 2013 and 2018. The purpose of the review is to provide an updated overview of theory and research. The treatment of theory involves articulating a refined definition and operationalization of self-assessment. The review of 76 empirical studies offers a critical perspective on what has been investigated, including the relationship between self-assessment and achievement, consistency of self-assessment and others' assessments, student perceptions of self-assessment, and the association between self-assessment and self-regulated learning. An argument is made for less research on consistency and summative self-assessment, and more on the cognitive and affective mechanisms of formative self-assessment.

BACKGROUND Self-assessment refers to the involvement of learners in making judgements about their own learning, particularly about their achievements and the outcomes of their learning (Boud & Falchikov, 1989). Enhanced learning and professional development are the desirable end effect of self-assessment. However, questions are often raised about the reliability (i.e. accuracy and consistency) of students' self-assessment. Recent studies have revealed substantial discrepancies in students' self-assessment performance in terms of accuracy and consistency, potentially leading to the rejection of selfassessment. Hence, understanding the scope and limitations of students' self-assessment is critical. PURPOSE This study was intended to examine the reliability and importance of self-assessment, and uncover other significant learning and professional development benefits of students' self-assessment. DESIGN/METHOD Over the last three years, a longitudinal study of self-assessment of an assignment was conducted of successive first year university student cohorts, comprising of more than 75 per cent distance students. Students were asked to self-assess their assignments with the help of self-assessment guidelines and model answers. On the self-assessment feedback rubric provided, they allocated marks and provided justification for the marks for each assignment answer. Feedback from students' self-assessment was analysed quantitatively to examine the accuracy and consistency of selfassessment with respect to tutor's assessment, and qualitatively to understand the impact of selfassessment in their learning and professional development. RESULTS A comparison of students' self-assessment marks with the tutor's assessment marks showed that the majority of the students (~ 47%) overestimated their performance, while a significant proportion (~39%) remained within ±10 per cent of the tutor's assessment marks, and the remaining (~14%) undervalued their work. Correlations between students' self-assessment and tutor assessment marks ranged between-0.14 to 0.8 for various on campus and distance student cohorts. The accuracy of students' self-assessment was less than promising when considering tutor's marks as the benchmark (or expert judgement). These results are consistent with the findings of many other researchers including Boud & Falchikov (1989) and Lew et al. (2010). A wide range of correlations between various student cohorts also showed the lack of assessment consistencies. Therefore, students' selfassessment may not be a reliable (i.e. accurate and consistent) assessment technique even though some researchers have reported improved reliability under specific circumstances (e.g. Ross, 2006; Ward et al., 2002; and Rolheiser & Ross, 2006). The study has revealed that the major contributor to learning during students' self-assessment is not the accuracy or consistency of students' selfassessment. Instead it is the change in students' psychological perspectives when they go through the process of self-assessment. In this study metacognition, constructivist learning, and self-efficacy have been identified as triggers to students' learning and professional development during self-assessment. CONCLUSIONS The study has demonstrated that students vary considerably in assessing their own work. Hence, the learning gained during students' self-assessment may not come from the accuracy and consistency of self-assessment. Instead, it is triggered by the change in students' psychological perspectives resulting in metacognitive knowledge, learning constructivism and development of self-efficacy.

Journal of Research in Science Mathematics and Technology Education

The purpose of this study was to examine whether practicing self-regulation strategies involved setting goals, self-evaluation and self-correction on formative tests improved students’ positive attitudes toward learning mathematics. The students’ attitudes toward mathematics were measured of the factors in their perceived confidence, motivation, usefulness of the subject, and perception about teacher’s attitude toward their learning. The study also aimed at exploring self-regulation characteristics of different performing groups of mathematics achievement so that appropriate instructional design can be introduced and imposed within the mathematics classroom. The study utilized a one-group pretest-posttest design for exploratory purposes. The self-regulation strategies were introduced to 46 tenth-grade secondary students. Their perceived motivation, confidence, anxiety, usefulness of the subject, and perception about teacher’s attitude were measured as the pretest measures before the...

The Education and science journal, 2018

Introduction. The problems of assessment of student achievements as an indicator of the quality of knowledge and skills acquired by them are constantly in the focus of the pedagogical community and scientists involved in the development of education. Currently, the question of the objective measurement of learning outcomes is especially relevant because the priority task of education is the development of the student's abilities to set independently learning goals, project ways of their implementation, monitor own actions, reflect own successes and failures and correct errors, in other words, the formation of the ability to learn independently. The traditional scoring system of grades is of little use to solve this problem since it is focused primarily on testing the reproductive level of mastering the training material and is aimed solely at external control, rather than improving the learning outcomes. In the new conditions, a new assessment system which includes self-control and self-assessment of students is required. The aim of the publication is to discuss the existing approaches to the formation of self-evaluation of students and the effective use of this pedagogical tool for monitoring and increasing the motivation to learning in the educational process. Methodology and research methods. The main research methods are theoretical analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization of the content of scientific literature of the relevant subject matter. Results and scientific novelty. A new format for the learning outcomes assessment based on the collection of information on the achievements of the students from various sources and on the regular monitoring of their advancing progress along the individual educational trajectory is considered. Such a prolonged assessment is more informative than the usual marks which are set out in points, so it allows the teacher to promptly regulate the educational process and make timely correct decisions about its correction. In addition, it enables the student to participate in the procedures for assessing his/her own level of knowledge and develops his/her self-assessment skills. According to the initial targets, summative or forming types of self-assessment are identified. Its advantages as a mechanism for managing the educational process are shown: self-assessment contributes to

2019

The present study is a literature review of 37 empirical studies from Greece and internationally of the last decade and aims at investigating the contribution of learner self-assessment to: a. enhancement of learning motivation, b. improvement of academic performance/learning, c. development of self-regulating learning and d. raise of self-esteem. According to the findings, enhancement of learning motivation as an outcome of learner self-assessment process has been identified in Greek Higher education, in Secondary education in Physics and in Primary education in English, whereas internationally has been identified in Secondary education in English and Physical education. In Greece, improvement of academic performance/learning as an outcome of learner self-assessment has been found in Higher education, in Secondary education in Physics and in Primary education in English, whereas internationally at all levels of education, in almost all subjects of Secondary education and in Primary education in Language Arts, English and Mathematics. Development of self-regulating learning has been identified in Higher education in Greece and internationally, whereas in Secondary education in Geography and Geometry only internationally. Furthermore, raise of student's self-esteem as an outcome of self-assessment has been found internationally, in Secondary education in Religious education and in Greek Primary education in English language learning. Moreover, self-assessment process has also been examined internationally in non-formal education where English is taught as a second language with positive outcomes in performance/learning. Finally, self-assessment is implemented through various practices and tools such as rubrics, checklist, scripts, think boards, reflective journals, mind maps and in combination with learning or teaching models.

Online Learning, 2017

According to recent reports, K-12 full-time virtual school students have shown lower performance in math than their counterparts in brick-and-mortar schools. However, research is lacking in what kind of programmatic interventions virtual schools might be particularly well-suited to provide to improve math performance. Engaging students in self-reflection is a potentially promising pedagogical approach for supporting math learning. Nonetheless, it is unclear how models for math learning in brick and mortar classrooms translate in an online learning environment. The purpose of this study was to (a) analyze assessment data from virtual schools to explore the association between self-reflection and math performance, (b) compare the patterns found in student self-reflection across elementary, middle, and high school levels, and (c) examine whether providing opportunities for self-reflection had positive impact on math performance in an online learning environment. In this study, the self-reflection assessments were developed and administered multiple times within several math courses during the 2014-15 school year. These assessments included 4-7 questions that asked students to reflect on their understanding of the knowledge and skills they learned in the preceding lessons and units. Using these assessments, multiple constructs and indicators were measured, which included confidence about the topic knowledge/understanding, general feelings towards math, accuracy of self-judgment against actual test performance, and frequency of self-reflection. Through a series of three retrospective studies, data were collected from full-time virtual school students who took three math courses (one elementary, one middle, and one high school math course) in eight virtual schools in the United States during the 2013-14 and 2014-15 school years. The results showed that (a) participation in self-reflection varied by grade, unit test performance level, and course/topic difficulty; (b) more frequent participation in self-reflection and higher self-confidence level were associated with higher final course performance; and (c) self-reflection, as was implemented here, showed limited impact for more difficult topics, higher grade courses, and higher performing students. Implications for future research are provided.