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1999, Le Monde diplomatique
An article on succession in Azerbaijan
Despite recent upheavals in the Middle East and the celebration of what has been called the “fourth wave of democracy,” some countries still couple authoritarian rule with a high degree of stability. In the South Caucasus region, Azerbaijan represents a paradigmatic case. This article identifies and discusses two main reasons that contribute to the surprising stability of Aliyev’s regime: the persistence of strong informal institutions –next to weak democratic ones–, and a widespread political culture that can hardly be considered as conducive to a democratic turn.
THE GRANDIOSITY OF PRESIDENT HAYDAR ALIYEV – The ability to navigate the extremely tricky geopolitical maze of the Caucasus and the testimony of the political acumen, 2023
This article deals with the functions which the legendary Azerbaijani politician, late president Heydar Aliyev played in Azerbaijan's history, but also in the modern history of Euroasia. In the study the leadership traits analysis and conceptions of the national political leadership and the political leadership style of Heydar Aliyev are explored and the political leadership in Azerbaijan, focusing on socioeconomic and organizational factors that determined the evolution of the country's political elite is discussed. This study aims to understand How and why did Heydar Aliyev gain power in Azerbaijan in two particular state systems? What were the origins of Heydar Aliyev power? What were the instruments by which power Heydar Aliyev was exercised? Heydar Aliyev emerges as a symbol of unity among social division, the glue that holds an ethnically and politically divided nation together. This artcile demonstrates in various ways that the ability to navigate the extremely tricky geopolitical maze of the Caucasus and the testimony of the political acumen as well as the strategic-tactical innovative adaptation of the Azerbaijani national leader Heydar Aliyev was the key to his effective political leadership. Heydar Aliyev's political leadership challenge was to navigate the Republic of Azerbaijan and the international community through a new political situation, using existing law where possible and proposing new legal standards where necessary and advantageous. The study suggests that any account of political leadership must consider legal and institutional constraints and capacities.
Fariz Ismailzade, "Overcoming threats to stability in Azerbaijan", The Caucasus in the International Arena: Regional & Global Perspectives, Caucasus International, Vol. 1 • No: 1 • Summer 2011, http://cijournal.az/post/caucasus-international-vol-1-no-1-summer-2011
Central Eurasia. Analytical Annual, 2008
The First Republic of Azerbaijan: A State without a Nation, 2023
The process of forming modern nation-states is the nationalization of belief and consciousness through secularization. Azerbaijan has experienced modernity under Tsarist colonialism. Due to colonialism, the modernization process started without national policy. This article aims to shed light on the research related to the first Republic of Azerbaijan. In this respect, first, a theoretical background was formed, then modernization was addressed in the colonial context, focusing on the formation of modern secular belief in Azerbaijan. Moreover, Turkism was addressed as the basis for the formation of national/political consciousness. The study was built on the problem of why the republic was an incomplete state. The main point of the study is the problem of why the first Republic of Azerbaijan, being the first modern state, is not or cannot institutionally become a competent nation-state. Failure in the adoption of the constitution was used to support the hypothesis of noncompletion of national sovereignty’s construction. Keywords: The First Republic of Azerbaijan, Constitution, Turkism, Colonial Modernization, Nation
The presidential election held on October 15, 2008 marked a crucial phase in the consolidation of the semi-authoritarian regime in Azerbaijan. Azeri politics has long suffered from the authoritarian tendencies of the government. Due in part to the boycott of the major opposition parties, the incumbent president, Ilham Aliyev, emerged from the election even stronger. The election was uncompetitive and the result was expectable. However, high voter turnout indicates the weakness of opposition to mobilize the voters not to participate in the elections. The election outcome can be clearly seen as an approval of the policies of Ilham Aliyev, but it also represents the opposition's inability to be a significant force in the Azeri political landscape. Yet, the president will face thorny problems in his second term still waiting to be resolved.
On 1 November a parliamentary election was held in Azerbaijan. A total of 767 candidates competed for 125 seats. As largely predicted, the ruling New Azerbaijan (Yeni Azerbaijan) party won the vast majority of seats in the Milli Majilis.
Central Asian Affairs, 2018
In some countries, the death of an authoritarian leader raises concerns among political scientists, analysts and political decision-makers about subsequent instability. Informal mechanisms for regime change are seldom in place. Two recent transitions in Central Asia—Turkmenistan in 2006 and Uzbekistan in 2016—have shown that authority can be transferred calmly and peacefully. This paper examines the reasons for the stable transition process—and the factors governing it—in the two territories. It is my contention that three principal conditions have to be met in order to make the changeover relatively smooth: a lack of viable opponents, a narrow circle of people with real power and a common interest in maintaining stability, and a clearly designated new leader at the moment when the death of the incumbent is officially announced. At the same time, despite some similarities between the Turkmen and Uzbek cases, substantial differences also existed, making these two experiences—like oth...
The article applies the model of the clan-state / captured state on the case of Azerbaijan. It discusses the types and forms of informal political institutions in Azerbaijan and explains restructuring of the informal networks that has occurred after Ilham Aliev’s arrival to the presidential office. The core of the article are several mini case studies based mostly on an analysis of local media resources and a primary data collected during field researches conducted in 2006–2014. The article shows that Azerbaijan’s informal political structures based on clientelism and endemic corruption have de facto taken over the country’s formal political scene and using manipulated public tenders transfer a large proportion of oil rents to bank accounts of the ruling elite.
2008
This report discusses the win by incumbent Ilkham Aliyev in Azerbaijan's October 15, 2008, presidential election. It describes the campaign and results, and examines implications for Azerbaijani and U.S. interests. This report will not be updated. Related reports include CRS Report RL33453, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, updated regularly.
Rovshan Ibrahimov, "After the 2013 Azerbaijani Presidential Elections: Challenges and Expectations", Elections in Eurasia: Reflections and Prospects, Caucasus International, Vol. 3 • No: 4 • Winter 2013-2014, http://cijournal.az/post/caucasus-international-vol-3-o-no-4-o-winter-2013-2014
2012
Azerbaijan is an important power in the South Caucasus by reason of its geographic location and ample energy resources, but it faces challenges to its stability, including the unresolved separatist conflict involving Nagorno Karabakh (NK). Azerbaijan enjoyed a brief period of independence in 1918-1920, after the collapse of the Tsarist Russian Empire. However, it was re-conquered by Red Army forces and thereafter incorporated into the Soviet Union. It regained independence when the Soviet Union collapsed at the end of 1991. Upon independence, Azerbaijan continued to be ruled for a while by its Soviet-era leader, but in May 1992 he was overthrown and Popular Front head Abulfaz Elchibey was soon elected president. Military setbacks in suppressing separatism in the breakaway Nagorno Karabakh (NK) region contributed to Elchibey's rise to power, and in turn to his downfall. In June 1993, forces in Ganja challenged Elchibey's power, spurring Elchibey to invite Heydar Aliyev-the leader of Azerbaijan's Nakhichevan region and a former communist party head of Azerbaijan-to Baku to mediate the crisis. The Ganja forces marched on Baku, causing Elchibey to flee the city. Heydar Aliyev was elected chairman of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan, and was granted temporary presidential powers. A national referendum held in August 1993 formally stripped Elchibey of the presidency, and Heydar Aliyev was elected president of Azerbaijan in October 1993. In July 1994, a ceasefire agreement was signed in the NK conflict. Heydar Aliyev served until October 2003, when under worsening health he stepped down. His son Ilkham Aliyev was elected president a few days later. According to the Obama Administration, U.S. assistance for Azerbaijan aims to develop democratic institutions and civil society, support the growth of the non-oil sectors of the economy, strengthen the interoperability of the armed forces with NATO, increase maritime border security, and bolster the country's ability to combat terrorism, corruption, narcotics trafficking, and other transnational crime. Cumulative U.
The Middle East Journal, 2001
2012
With the democratic transition of power progressing in Georgia, the focus of the regional and international community is increasingly shifting to the upcoming elections in Armenia and Azerbaijan. notably, Azerbaijan has scheduled presidential elections for october 2013, which are regarded by many observers as crucial for the democratic development of the country. Marion Kipiani was recently in Baku and she spoke with four experts about their perceptions of the political system, the upcoming elections, and the possible impacts of the change of government in Georgia on the electoral environment in Azerbaijan.
VISIONS OF AZERBAIJAN, 2011
In our issues of March-April, May-June and September-October 2010, we presented three parts of the project Azerbaijani History: from the Furthest Past to the Present Day, by Karim Shukurov, PhD in History. In this issue we present the fourth part of the project. Part IV Atropatena-Albania (4th century BCE-7th century CE) The states of Atropatena and Albania: from their establishment to the Sassanids. The Seleucids, the Roman-Parthian wars in Azerbaijan (4th century BCE-3rd century CE). Atropatena and Albania within the Sassanid Empire. (3rd-7th centuries CE) The states of Atropatena and Albania: from their establishment to the Sassanids. The Seleucids, the Roman-Parthian wars in Azerbaijan (4th century BCE-3rd century CE) Atropatena. Following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE in Babylon, a council was convened and Atropat's son-in-law, Perdikka, was made regent of the state. The first division of the satraps took place here, but Lesser Media was not affected. This gave Atropat the opportunity to strength his rule. In 321 BCE, after Perdikka's death, a second division took place, but Atropatena retained its territorial integrity. Thus, from that time onwards, Atropatena was
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